Ability of Managers: In a decentralized organization, managers of various units make choices at their appropriate levels.
Which of the following pertains to decentralized operation's drawbacks?Answer and justification Decentralization has the drawback that d) it makes obtaining goal congruence difficult. Decentralization promotes diversity and individuality among areas and divisions, but also makes it harder to rally a business around overarching goals. Disadvantages. There is a lot riding on the choices made by numerous employees in a decentralized firm. This means that the organization as a whole may suffer if some of those lower-level managers lack training, experience, education, or competence. Increased expertise within each division, speedier decision-making, improved time management at the top management levels, and increased division manager motivation are all benefits of decentralized companies.
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a retired teacher had been participating in a nonqualified variable annuity. she deposited $10,000 into the annuity and now receives a lump-sum payment from the annuity of $16,000. how is the distribution taxed, and what is her cost basis?
$6,000 is taxed as ordinary income and $10,000 is returned to her tax-free as it is her cost basis: will be treated as ordinary income. (84766)
What is distribution tax?
Tax Distribution is the result of (a) the total amount of taxable income or gain assigned to the Partners under Section 5.04(a) for such period and (b) the applicable tax rate for such period for any fiscal quarter, fiscal year, or other period of the Partnership during the term of the Partnership.
Nonqualified variable annuities accept after-tax money as contributions. The cost basis of an individual in the plan is the amount of a contribution made after taxes. The cost basis in this case is the retired teacher's $10,000 payments. In this case, the additional $6,000 provided to her will be regarded as ordinary income. (84766)
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suppose that the reserve ratio is 10% when the fed buys $100,000 of u.s. treasury bills from the banking system. if the banking system does not want to hold any excess reserves, will be added to the money supply.
When the banking system does not desire to hold any excess reserves, $10,000 will be added from the money supply. The complete question is shown below.
A banking system can be explained as a group or network of institutions that serve financial services for us. Operating a payment system is responsible of these institutions, serving loans, taking deposits, and helping with investments.
Based on the scenario, can be calculated with this formula
Amount of reduction in money supply = $100,000 / 10% = $10,000.
Thus, when the banking system does not want to hold any excess reserves, $10,000 will be substracted from the money supply.
"Suppose that the reserve ratio is 10% when the Fed buys $100,000 of US Treasury bills from the banking system. If the banking system does NOT want to hold any excess reserves, ______ will be added to the money supply."
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an inferior good is a good for which the quantity demanded increases as the price decreases, holding everything else constant a.true b.false
The statement an inferior good is a good for which the quantity demanded increases as the price decreases, holding everything else constant is false.
In the field of business, an inferior good can be described as a product whose demand in the market will decrease if the income of the people in a place or country increases. As the economy of a country increases, the quantity demanded for an inferior good decrease.
An inferior good is a type of good that is used only by customers when they have low incomes or the country is not economically stable. When there is a higher income for the people of a country, the value of demand for the inferior good decreases.
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return on equity can be expressed mathematically as (return on assets) x (total assets/stockholders' equity).
a. true
b. false
Return on equity can be expressed mathematically as (return on assets) x (total assets/stockholders' equity).
a. true
A stockholder of a organization is an person or criminal entity that is registered by way of the business enterprise because the felony proprietor of shares of the proportion capital of a public or personal corporation. Shareholders may be referred to as participants of a organisation.
An proprietor of a organization's stocks of common stock is called a not unusual stockholder. The common stockholders decide on the business enterprise's board of directors and will vote on certain transactions which includes merging the company with some other enterprise.
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the operating philosophy that focuses on waste reduction and value enhancement is known as? the operating philosophy that focuses on waste reduction and value enhancement is known as? continuous improvement total quality management six sigma lean
APICS (American Production and Inventory Control Society) defined JIT as “a philosophy of manufacturing based on planned elimination of all waste and on continuous improvement of productivity”.
Lean management systems: what are they?An organizational management strategy known as lean promotes the idea of continuous improvement, a long-term strategy for work that deliberately aims to achieve tiny, incremental changes in processes in order to increase productivity and quality.Any operation that does not provide value for the client is typically referred to in lean manufacturing as "waste." Basically, waste is any pointless manufacturing process step that the consumer does not want to pay for because it does not provide any value to the customer.Lean methodology seeks to reduce waste in order to ensure uninterrupted flow of information and resources in the value stream.To learn more about Lean management systems refer to:
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you would expect a bond of the u.s. government and a bond of an eastern european government to pay different interest rates because of differences in the bonds'tax treatments . you would expect a bond that repays the principal in year 2040 to paya lower interest rate as compared to a bond that repays the principal in year 2020. you would expect a bond from a software company you run in your garage and a bond from coca-cola to pay different interest rates because of differences in the bonds'credit risks . you would expect a bond issued by the federal government and a bond issued by new york state to pay different interest rate because of differences in the bonds' .
Answer:
Wheres the question?
Explanation:
when conversing with people, we typically achieve percent accuracy in interpreting each other's remarks.
when conversing with people, we typically achieve percent accuracy in interpreting each other's remarks 25 to 50.
A measurement or test's % accuracy is a gauge of how closely it resembles its actual or ideal value. This ratio is the true value divided by the difference between the true and measured values. Manufacturers refer to the accuracy as a percentage of the reading that is now shown when they characterize their accuracy as "% of reading". For instance, a gauge that reads 100 psi and has a 0.1% reading accuracy would be accurate to 0.1 psi at that pressure.High accuracy equates to low error rate, whereas low accuracy equates to high error rate. The accuracy is expressed as a percentage by the accuracy formula, and the total of accuracy and error rate is one hundred percent.
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on track limited has an order to sell 50,000 pieces of fitness equipment to brazil, but the brazilian government stipulated that 35 percent of the component parts of the equipment must be produced in brazil. this stipulation is an example of a(n)
This clause serves as an illustration of a local content requirement.
Significant class of risk associated with overseas investments that can be insured through government-backed programs?Government-backed insurance policies are now available in many investor nations to cover the main categories of foreign investment risk. Expropriation (nationalization), war losses, and the inability to reinvest revenues are only a few of the hazards covered by these programs.
Why would a nation impose export taxes?Because exporting the commodities would be more expensive, producers would be motivated to keep their products domestically. As a result of the increased supply, prices for items are often lower. Why would a nation impose taxes on commodities exported?
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quantitative problem 1: you plan to deposit $1,600 per year for 6 years into a money market account with an annual return of 3%. you plan to make your first deposit one year from today. what amount will be in your account at the end of 6 years? do not round intermediate calculations. round your answer to the nearest cent.
FV(annual return, year,-deposit) $10,349.46 =FV (3%,6,-1600)
Future Value deposit end of year Formula
Amount at end of 6 years Formula
Formula
FV(annual return, year,-deposit)
$10,349.46 =FV (3%,6,-1600)
Destiny cost is the fee of an asset at a selected date. It measures the nominal destiny amount of cash that a given amount of money is "really worth" at a unique time inside the destiny assuming a sure hobby rate, or greater generally, a charge of return; it is the existing price multiplied by way of the build-up function. The value no longer encompasses corrections for inflation or other factors that have an effect on the proper price of cash within the destiny.
This is utilized in the time value of cash calculations. money value fluctuates over time: $100 today has a one-of-a-kind fee of more than $ hundred in 5 years. this is because you can actually invest $ hundred nowadays in an interest-bearing bank account or any other funding, and that money will develop/shrink because of the fee of return. additionally, if $100 these days allows the purchase of an object, it's far viable that $one hundred will not be sufficient to purchase the identical item in 5 years, because of inflation (growth in purchase charge).
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you plan to retire in 25 years. you currently have $80,000 saved, and you think you will need $500,000 at retirement. what annual interest rate must you earn to reach your goal, assuming you don't save any additional funds? (assume annual compounding)
You plan to retire in 25 years. you currently have $80,000 saved. The annual interest rate is 7.61%
An Annual interest rate is a number that represents the total monthly cost of adopting plutocrat, expressed as a chance of the top loan quantum.
Calculating the problem:we know that,
A=P(1+r/100)^n
where
A=future value
P=present value
r=rate of interest
n=time period.
500,000 = 80,000 × (1+r/100) ^25
(500,000/80,000) ^ (1/25) = (1+r/100)
(1+r/100) = 1.0761
r = 1.0761 - 1
r =7.61%(Approx)
What's called annual interest?The periodic interest rate, occasionally called the standard periodic interest rate or base rate, is the chance value you generally see first when comparing fiscal products. It's the introductory interest that you will pay on your loan or earn on your savings regard without taking compounding or freights into consideration.
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Which of the following may be reasons for substantial shifts in business expectations?
a. court decisions in key labor or antitrust cases
b. changes in trade barriers
c. changes in exchange rates
d. steady increases in price levels
Steady increases in price levels may be reasons for substantial shifts in business expectations. So, the correct answer is d.
A significant transformation in one's perspective, concepts, and methods of doing something is referred to as a substantial shift. A paradigm shift can occur in a variety of settings, including scientific research and business.
When new technology is introduced and drastically changes how an item or service is produced, industries frequently experience substantial shifts. These changes are important catalysts for many social transformations, such as the American Industrial Revolution or the information revolution that began in the 2000s.
A substantial shift is a fundamental shift in how people think and act that overturns and replaces an earlier paradigm.
Following the accumulation of anomalies or evidence that contests the current paradigm, a substantial shift.
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a firm can be the sole supplier of a good and still not be considered a monopoly if part 2 a. the firm is not large. b. the good produced is not important to the economy. c. there are very close substitutes for the good. d. the firm is making normal profits.
If option c. is true and there exist highly similar substitutes for the good, a company can be the only supplier of a good and still not be seen as a monopoly.
If there is just one seller in the market, this is a situation called a monopoly. In traditional economic theory, the monopolistic situation is seen as the complete antithesis of perfect competition.
In the absence of competition, monopolies are able to establish prices and keep them stable and predictable for customers. Monopolies gain from economies of scale and frequently generate enormous volumes for less money per unit. A company that enjoys monopoly status can do so without fear of competition and safely invest in innovation.
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A perfectly competitive firm that chooses to produce will maximize profits at the output level where which of the following is true?
A
Average cost is equal to marginal revenue
B
Marginal cost is total revenue
C
Marginal cost is equal to marginal revenue
D
Average total cost is equal to average revenue
A perfectly competitive firm that chooses to produce will maximize profits at the output level where B. Marginal cost is total revenue.
What is a perfectly competitive firm's output that maximizes profits?
In a market with perfect competition, a company can maximize its profits by producing at the point when marginal cost and marginal income are equal.
When marginal revenue and marginal cost are equal, or when MR = MC, a fully competitive firm will make the decision that will maximize its profits.
As a result, the firm's profits are maximized when it selects an output level where its marginal revenue and marginal cost are identical. Consider once more the example of the company that produces a single good using only two inputs, labor and capital, to explain the idea of profit maximization.
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which of these is considered an active participant for determining the deductibility of traditional ira contributions this year?
I. A participant in a defined benefit pension plan who has just satisfied the eligibility requirements and entered the plan in the past six months
II. A participant in a traditional Section 401(k) plan who is currently not making elective deferrals but has $100 of forfeitures reallocated to their account this year.
These are considered an active participants in determining the deductibility of traditional ira contributions this year.
An Individual retirement account (IRA) permits you to keep cash for retirement in a tax-advantaged manner. An IRA is an account set up at an economic group that lets in a man or woman to store for retirement with a tax-unfastened boom or on a tax-deferred foundation.
Traditional IRAs, Roth IRAs, and Rollover IRAs are the 3 most commonplace styles of character retirement money owed. variations of not unusual IRA sorts consist of Inherited IRAs and Custodial IRAs. There are 2 extra styles of IRAs, the SEP IRA and Simple IRA, which can be meant for self-hired individuals and small organizations.
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a monopoly is producing where average total cost equals $30, marginal revenue is $40, and the price is $50. if atc is at its minimum level and the atc curve is u-shaped, in order to maximize profits this firm should:
When the average total cost is $30, the marginal revenue is $40, and the price is $50, a monopoly is in operation. In order to maximise revenues, this company should: If atc is at its minimum level and the atc curve is u-shaped reduced output.
A monopoly's demand curve often intersects the average cost at its lowest point and is on the right side of the marginal revenue curve. Similar to this, when the average cost curve is at its smallest, the marginal cost curve crosses the average cost curve. Reduced Output Period is a period during the Term when the Facility's generation ,The average cost should be more than the marginal revenue at the point where profits are maximized. Since the marginal revenue in the provided example exceeds the minimum average cost, output should be decreased in order to maximise profit. Since the price is higher, the monopoly will still make super normal profits.
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liabilities: a. must involve an outflow of cash. b. must be certain. c. . must always have a definite date for payment. d. must be for a specific amount. e. must sometimes be estimated.
D) Sometimes it's necessary to estimate liabilities. It implies that a company can choose how much will be paid in the future.
What do liabilities mean?A liability is an obligation that a person or business has, typically financial in nature. Over time, liabilities are resolved by the transmission of economic advantages like cash, products, or services.
Liabilities on the balance sheet's right side are represented by debts like loans, accounts payable, mortgages, deferred revenue, bonds, warranties, and accumulated costs. Assets can be contrasted with liabilities. Assets are items you own or owe money to, whereas liabilities are debts or other obligations.
How Differ Long-Term (Noncurrent) Liabilities From Current Liabilities?
Businesses will categorize their liabilities according to when they are due. Current assets are frequently used to settle short-term obligations that have a one-year maturity date. Non-current liabilities are those that have a maturity date of more than one year and typically include delayed payments and debt repayments.
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the purpose of exception and performance reports is to highlight . a. opportunities to improve planning processes b. when requirements schedules may not meet demand c. periods when customer demand should be increased d. both a and b
The goal of exception and performance reports is to draw attention to option d, which includes both a. chances to enhance planning procedures and b. instances in which needs schedules might not satisfy demand.
A performance report examines how something is performed. Governmental organizations regularly create them because they are obligated to demonstrate how public funds were used effectively and efficiently.
A company's performance and compliance with its goals and objectives are assessed through performance reporting. You collect data from particular works and analyze them to accomplish them. You can offer suggestions to enhance decision-making in your company processes once that analysis is complete.
An exception report pinpoints transactions or performance indicators that significantly depart from expected results and marks such outliers for investigation and correction.
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You are planning an upcoming trip to namibia for a service project. The research on facial expressions and emotion would suggest you should.
You are arranging a trip across Namibia for a charitable endeavor. You should presume that you are correctly interpreting the Nambian people's facial expressions, according to research regarding facial expressions and emotion.
What is defined as facial expressions and emotion?Animals like humans and several others have exceptional facial muscle control. Face expressions like emotion are structured facial muscle movements that reflect the affective emotions experienced internally.
It is obvious that efficient social interaction depends on communication. Humans can speak to one another orally, but they can also express themselves nonverbally by using body language including facial expressions.Our bodies and minds appear programmed for facial display of emotion, which is a crucial component of communication. Given the significance of emotional expression in communication, one would hypothesize that emotional expressions are culturally universal, meaning that people from all cultures exhibit the same facial expressions when feeling the same kinds of emotions.Thus, if you are planning to go throughout Namibia to support a good cause. According to studies on facial expressions and emotion, you should assume that you are accurately understanding the facial expressions of the Nambian people.
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under a flexible exchange rate regime, when the value of the domestic currency decreases, it is called a(n) .
When the value of currency decreases it is called devaluation.
Devaluation refers to the intentional reduction in the price of a nation's currency in relation to a different monetary unit, currency band, or monetary standard. Countries with fixed or flexible exchange rates employ this monetary policy tool. It is the opposite of revaluation, which is often confused with depreciation and refers to the revision of a currency's exchange rate.
In macroeconomics and modern financial theory, a devaluation is a trustworthy decline in the value of a nation's currency within a predetermined exchange-charge mechanism, in which a monetary authority formally sets a lower exchange rate for the national currency relative to a foreign reference currency or foreign currency basket.
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jared is buying a condo from luke. sally is jared’s lender, and thomas is jared’s agent. meredith is luke’s agent. who is responsible for providing the loan estimate?
Sally, Jared's lender is responsible for providing the loan estimate.
The lender has to offer you a loan Estimate within 3 enterprise days of receiving your utility. The mortgage Estimate is a shape that took effect on Oct. Three, 2015. The shape presents you with crucial facts, along with the anticipated interest charge, monthly charge, and total final fees for the loan.
It permits the lender to affirm the employment listed on the applicant's mortgage software. Numerous events have a position in finishing elements of the verification of employment shape.
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the interest rate is 7 percent. use the concept of pres- ent value to compare $200 to be received in 10 years and $300 to be received in 20 years.
Interest rates tell you the cost of borrowing and the return on your savings. So if you are a borrower,
The interest rate is the amount you are charged for borrowing, expressed as a percentage of the total amount of the loan. The purpose of lowering the benchmark interest rate was to help control the economic impact of the coronavirus on the UK economy. In December 2021 it will be raised to 0.25% and in February 2022 it will be raised again to 0.5%.Learn more about interest rate here: https://brainly.com/question/20690803
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The present value of $200 to be received in 10 years, using a 7 percent interest rate, is approximately $116.76. The present value of $300 to be received in 20 years, using the same interest rate, is approximately $116.76 as well.
To compare the present values of the two amounts, we need to calculate the current worth of each future payment based on the given interest rate. The concept of present value helps us determine the value of future cash flows in today's dollars.
The formula to calculate the present value is:
PV = FV / (1 + r)^n
Where:
PV = Present value
FV = Future value
r = Interest rate
n = Number of years
For the first scenario, $200 to be received in 10 years:
PV = 200 / (1 + 0.07)^10
PV = 200 / (1.07)^10
PV ≈ 116.76
For the second scenario, $300 to be received in 20 years:
PV = 300 / (1 + 0.07)^20
PV = 300 / (1.07)^20
PV ≈ 116.76
Using the concept of present value and a 7 percent interest rate, we find that both $200 to be received in 10 years and $300 to be received in 20 years have approximately the same present value of $116.76. This means that, in terms of their current worth, both amounts are equivalent when considering the given interest rate.
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which approach to budgeting takes a backward view of promotion, assuming sales produce promotion versus promotion producing sales
A percentage approach may be utilized because advertising and marketing expenses are difficult to predict for the majority of businesses.
In anticipation of new product lines coming to market soon, a promotional budget could be increased.
What Is a Budget for Promotions?
A specific amount of money is set aside in a promotional budget to promote a company or organization's products or beliefs. To anticipate the essential costs of expanding a business or maintaining a brand, promotional budgets are created.
In order to maintain an anticipated growth rate, the budget is frequently established based on a percentage of sales or profits for an established business, a percentage of startup costs or use of funds in the case of a startup, or a percentage of raised funds in the case of a non-profit or foundation.
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What do local and state governments do to attract local businesses and stimulate the local economy?.
By promoting business registration and job creation, fostering sustainable growth by giving private businesses like construction firms and IT professionals employment opportunities, and by facilitating contemporary internet access, local governments have a direct impact on the local economy.
Professional presentation is not a must for building a personal brand. Additionally, branding requires the following components to be present simultaneously:
knowledge of the industry, values, and education.
To gain a job in the sector, one must first be educated. Maintaining your place at work depends heavily on your values.
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kay company budgets overhead cost of $3,740,000 for the next year. the company uses direct labor hours as its overhead allocation base. if 85,000 direct labor hours are planned for the next year, how much overhead would be assigned to a product requiring 5 direct labor hours?
$190.00 overhead would be assigned to a product requiring 5 direct labor hours.
What is labor ?Labor is a series of continuous, progressive contractions of the uterus that help dilate and close the cervix. Labor usually begins two weeks before or after her due date. Labor is the amount of physical, mental and social effort expended to produce product and services in an economy. We provide the know-how, people and services needed to turn raw materials into finished products and services. Work is the effort people put into producing product and services. Labor resources include waiter jobs that bring food to local restaurants and engineer jobs that designed the bus that takes you to school.To learn more about labor from the given link :
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ross has received a special order for 10,000 units of its product at a special price of $30. the product normally sells for $40 and has the following manufacturing costs:
A special order for 10,000 of Ross's products at a discounted price of $30 has been received. The item typically costs $40, but its manufacturing costs have increased by $80,000.
The expenses incurred in turning raw materials into finished goods are known as manufacturing costs. The value-added processes that link the four inputs of labor, material, energy, and machines are these. In general, these expenses are very changeable and based on the final output.
What elements have an impact on manufacturing costs-
The socio-economic conditions in the area where the activity is done frequently affect labor prices.
Remember that intricacy doesn't necessarily enhance a product's appearance or functionality. In fact, too complicated designs can make a product less useful and perform worse while costing more to produce.
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What is the California shared responsibility payment?
The California Individual Shared Responsibility Penalty is either a fixed fee per family member or 2.5% of the excess gross household income over California's filing threshold.
What is the California shared payment?If a Californian does not have health insurance for themselves and their dependents in 2020 and is otherwise ineligible for an exemption, they will be subject to an individual shared responsibility and the penalty when they file their California income and tax returns. The fine is calculated on a monthly basis and depends on a number of variables, including the household's gross income and the age of the individual. Every person who lacks protection or an exemption is subject to the penalty.
It basically states that you must either have fundamental health insurance, qualify for an exemption, or pay a fine. Although the penalty is referred to in the law as a "shared responsibility payment," the Supreme Court determined that it is actually a federal tax.
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what is an organizations short term debt account comprised of?
Out of the choices provided above, it can be concluded to state that the short-term debt accounts of an organization is composed of its current liabilities. Therefore, the option B holds true.
What is the significance of current liabilities?The current liabilities of an organization can be referred to or considered as the liabilities of an organization, which are due for repayment within the current year of the financial operations of the organization. It does not include loans to be repaid over a period of more than one year.
The balance sheet of an organization's financial statements consists of sub-headers such as the short-term debts in the headers of liabilities. These short-term debts are to be repaid within the year of financial operations as on the date of balance sheet.
Therefore, the option B holds true and states regarding the significance of current liabilities.
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The missing choices are added below
Current Assets
Current Liabilities
Bad debts
All of these
which of the following personality theories places greater importance on the external environment and on the effects of conditioning?
Behaviorist theories place greater importance on the external environment and in the effects of conditioning.
A well-liked idea that concentrates on how students learn is behaviorism, also known as the behavioral learning theory. According to behaviorism, all behaviors are acquired through interactions with the environment. According to this learning theory, environmental factors such as upbringing play a much smaller role in determining behavior than innate or inherited traits.
Positive reinforcement is a typical instance of behaviorism. If they score a perfect score on their spelling test, students receive a small reward. Future students will study diligently and work hard to earn their reward.
Since behaviorism implies that teachers can directly affect how their students behave, it is important for educators to understand how it affects how students react and behave in the classroom.
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when a perfectly competitive firm is in long-run equilibrium, the firm is producing at?
when a perfectly competitive firm is in long-run equilibrium, the firm is producing at a point that corresponds to minimum long-run average total cost.
According to economic theory, perfect competition exists when all businesses sell the same goods, market share has no bearing on prices, businesses can enter or quit the market without any obstacles, consumers have perfect or complete information, and businesses are unable to set prices.
Agricultural markets are another example of almost flawless competition. Imagine going to your neighbourhood farmers' market and finding a variety of vendors offering the same fruits, veggies, and herbs. The costs of the commodities are simple to ascertain, yet they are typically close to one another.
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With the world's demand for seafood on the rise but declines in harvests of wild fish stocks occurring, the market has become the fastest-growing area of global food production.
With the world's demand for seafood on the rise but declines in harvests of wild fish stocks occurring, the market has become the fastest-growing area of global food production in Aquaculture.
The breeding, raising, and harvesting of fish, shellfish, and aquatic plants is known as aquaculture. It's basically water farming. Aquaculture in the United States is an environmentally responsible source of food and commercial products and contributes to the creation of healthier habitats, which is used to rebuild stocks of threatened or endangered species.
Aquaculture or fish farming is required in order to meet the world's ever-increasing demand for seafood and to provide healthy protein to people in developing countries while reducing pressure on wild fish.
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