most bony fish are ______ or cold-blooded, with the exception of the tuna and mackerel shark family, which are ______, or warm-blooded.

I am having difficulties so I screen shotted it.

Brown fat, also known as brown adipose tissue, is a type of body fat that keeps you warm in the winter. Brown fat also stores energy and aids in calorie burn.

Brown fat, also known as brown adipose tissue, is a type of body fat that activates when you are cold. Brown fat generates heat, which helps to keep your body temperature stable in cold weather. Brown fat has far more mitochondria than white fat.

Brown fat burns calories by producing heat just before your body begins to shiver. It also aids in the regulation of sugar and fat metabolism.

Turmeric, green tea, chilli peppers, fish oil, resveratrol, berberine, and cinnamon are examples of brown fat foods and compounds that increase activity or induce the browning of white fat. Cold exposure and moderate exercise are two other ways to activate brown fat.

Exposing your body to cool, even cold, temperatures may aid in the recruitment of more brown fat cells. According to some studies, just 2 hours of daily exposure to temperatures around 66°F (19°C) may be enough to turn recruitable fat brown. Consider taking a cold shower or an ice bath.

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In Pavlov's experiments, the neutral stimulus was the bell, the unconditioned stimulus was the food, and the conditioned stimulus was the salivation that occurred due to the bell.

By accident, classical conditioning was discovered. When Pavlov studied the digestion of dogs, he found that the canines' physical reactions to food evolved over time. At first, the dogs would only slobber when their food was offered to them. But later, before they got their food, they made a little salivation. They were drooling when they heard sounds that were always present before the food arrived, such the sound of an approaching food cart, according to Pavlov.

In order to prove his theory, Pavlov set up an experiment where he rang a bell right before feeding the dogs. At first, the bells had little effect on the dogs.

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Answer:

Pyruvate is not a product of the Krebs cycle

Explanation:

Each daughter cell formed is haploid, having only one set of chromosomes. These haploid cells are formed at the end of meiosis.

What is meiosis?

Meiosis: cell division between sexually reproducing organisms. The number of chromosome in gamets gets reduced by half, forming haploid daughter cells.

Meiosis has two divisions: meiosis 1 and meiosis 2.

Meiosis I has 4 stages:

• Prophase 1

 Leptotene

 Zygotene

 Pachytene

 Diplotene

 Diakinesis

• Metaphase 1

• Anaphase 1

• Telophase 1

Meiosis 2 has a similar second meiotic division, where non sister chromatids separate completely.

Therefore, after meiosis, daughter cells formed are haploid, having only one set of chromosomes.

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A virus that maintains a latent state in nerve cells is herpes virus.

Viruses are microorganisms that do not have a cytoplasmic membrane, cytoplasm or nucleus. Viruses are parasitic or require a host to live.

The cause of herpes is the herpes simplex virus or HSV types I and II. HSV causes vesicles on the skin and mucous membranes. The herpes virus enters through small wounds on the body and begins to cause symptoms of tiny vesicles that burst easily. The herpes virus can attack infants and children, besides that the herpes virus can also be transmitted through sexual contact and in infants the virus is latent in nerve cells.

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Answer:

the difference is how to do it and how it's done

Answer:

In order for a cell to differentiate, it will express specific genes. Once a cell has differentiated, it loses its ability to undergo mitosis (see below). Cell division involves the splitting of a cell Mitosis is a form of cell division: this is the process by which cells split to form new cells.

Answer:

Pituitary. The pituitary gland is located below the brain. Usually no larger than a pea, the gland controls many functions of the other endocrine glands.

Explanation:

You didnt include the image with the arrow so im not sure

The derived trait which evolved to overcome the effect of gravity on animals moving on land is the evolution of stronger limbs with more muscle, which means that option C is the right answer.

Stronger limbs are very important for animals as they help in running, climbing, walking or paddle swimming. It also helps them in tearing flesh, and helps in balancing the weight of the body, which enables them to move smoothly. Animals without limbs are called invertebrate and they lack legs due to which they can just swim in water. Their movement is by crawling or sliding. The presence of limbs allowed the transition of life from aquatic to terrestrial. The anatomy of limbs also helps to identify relation with other animals which are present or extinct.

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The requirements of life on land over time fostered the development of plants that were more tolerant to the sun's withering rays, better at conserving water, as well as able to reproduce without it.

A water-repellent integument, stomata to control water evaporation, specialized cells that can provide strength and rigidity against gravity, structure and firm to collect sunlight, variation of haploid as well as diploid generations, as well as sexual organs are just a few of the structures that plants have developed to adjust to life on land.

An important part of reducing the unavoidable effects of climate change at local as well as regional levels is the adaptability of land-use patterns; one example would be the adaptation of watershed land-use patterns to lessen the effects of climate change on such a region's hydrology.

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Flexor digitorum superficialis is the only muscle found in the intermediate layer.

One of the multiple chambers in the leg between both the knee and the foot is the anterior compartment. Ankle benefit of utilizing and toe extension are predominantly produced by the muscles in this compartment. A closed osteofascial segment experiences increased pressure, which impairs local circulation, resulting in acute disseminated syndrome.

The muscles in the rear compartment's job are responsible for extending the lumbar spine at the knee. The anterior division has a distinct innervation system and circulatory system. The femoral nerve supplies the anterior region of the thigh with its innervation (L2 through L4).

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Answer:

It's rock type..............

A correct answer is an option (E). all of these factors affect the daily urine volume.

An average adult excretes between 750 and 2000 ml of urine each day.

The eating of specific foods is one of the many variables that might affect how much pee a person generates.

the volume of liquid taken in.

the volume of food eaten.

the volume of liquid lost as a result of breathing and sweating.

medical issues and certain medicines

the blood sugar level and Blood Pressure

Salt and Alcohol intake

Exercise (sweating)

Environment temperature.

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Answer:

How many bonds are there between adenine and thymine?

2 hydrogen bonds

How many bones are there between cytosine and guanine?

three hydrogen bonds

Explanation:

There are two bonds between adenine and thymine. And there are three bonds between cytosine and guanine.

Nucleotides are small units used to construct DNA and RNA. Each nucleotide contains a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a sugar group.

The five nitrogenous bases are adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, and uracil.

In DNA, the adenine bonds with thymine and the cytosine with guanine. Because these combinations only allow the formation of a hydrogen bond.

The hydrogen bond is formed only between the highly electronegative atom with hydrogen and the electronegative atom with a lone electron pair. 

Between adenine and thymine, hydrogen bond formation occurs with the help of two donors and two acceptors.  

Between cytosine and guanine, hydrogen bond formation occurs with the help of three donors and three acceptors.  

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A cell placed into a hypertonic solution will shrivel and die by a process known as plasmolysis.

A hypertonic solution is defined as any external solution with a high solute content but a low water concentration as compared to bodily fluids. The net movement of water in a hypertonic solution is out of the body and into the solution. If the solute concentration outside the cell is lower than the concentration inside the cell, the solution is hypotonic to the cell. If the concentration of solutes in the solution is greater than that inside the cell, the solution is hypertonic to the cell. The influx of water entering the cell causes the cell to increase volume and expand.

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Answer:

Ovary

Explanation:

The ovary is a pair of female type glands in which the eggs start form and the female hormone's estrogen and progesterone are made produced.

" I hoped I help you : - ) "

Cells that develop into neurons and glia originate in the​​ ventricular zone.

Ventricular zone (VZ) is a transient embryonic layer of tissue containing neural stem cells, mainly radial glial cells, of the central nervous system (CNS).

Ventricular zone gives rise to neuroblasts and globalists (future supporting cells) which migrate into the intermediate zone form two collections of cells separated by a groove called the sulcus limitans. Ventricular system of the brain functions to enhance support to surrounding tissues having cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which are produced in the choroid plexus tissue lining many of the ventricles.

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Nitrogenous waste from protein metabolism is used to make urea which is subsequently secreted by the kidney.

Protein synthesis and breakdown (catabolism) are two different biochemical processes that are referred to collectively as protein metabolism. Transcription, translation, and post-translational modifications are the processes in the production of proteins.

In vertebrates, the kidneys are two reddish-brown, bean-shaped organs. They are around 12 centimeters (4+12 inches) in length in adult humans and are situated on the left and right sides of the retroperitoneal region. Blood enters them through the paired renal arteries, and it leaves through the paired renal veins. A ureter, a tube that transports expelled urine to the bladder, is connected to each kidney. The kidney takes involved in the regulation of toxin elimination, fluid osmolality, acid-base balance, various electrolyte concentrations, and volume of various body fluids. One-fifth of the blood volume that enters the kidneys is filtered in the glomerulus, where filtering takes place.

Thus from above conclusion we can say that nitrogenous waste from protein metabolism is used to make urea which is subsequently secreted by the kidney.

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PPIs (proton pump inhibitors) efficiently prevent the release of stomach acid through binding to as well as impeding the hydrogen-potassium

Pantoprazole would be a weak, lipophilic base which thus arrives the acidified parietal cell arrangement through the parietal cell membrane and undergoes protonation. This produces the active metabolite sulfonamide, which also forms an irrecoverable covalent bond to two places of the H+/K+-ATPase enzyme upon the gastric parietal cells.

While both PPIs and acid controls decrease the quantity of stomach acid your stomach generates, H2 blockers act faster than PPIs and can provide comfort in as little and around 15 and 30 minutes. PPIs are the best choice for people who frequently have heartburn because they can take longer to start working but offer longer-lasting relief.

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A polyanionic surfaces Sialic acid is directly provided by mucins' main constituent.

RNA and DNA are both polyanions. They are simply polymer of negatively charged molecules, to put it fancy. This is due to the hydroxyl group in the sugar-phosphate backbone, which typically carry a charge around negative three.

The method of transferring and decoding binary code to and from synthetic DNA strands is known as DNA digital data storage. Although DNA has a huge amount of potential as a storage device due to its high density, its use in practical applications is now greatly restricted due to its exorbitant cost and extremely sluggish read and write speeds.

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The year 1916 was a leap year which means she celebrates her birthday once every 4 years on another leap year. There have been 26 leap years since 1916.

What is a leap year?

It is a calendar year that contains an additional day added to keep the calendar year synchronized with the seasonal year. Each leap year has 366 days instead of 365, by extending February to 29 days rather than the common 28 days. These extra days occur in each year that is an integer multiple of 4.

Here woman was born on 29 February. The date 29 February comesw every four years. So in a century it would come 25 times and another time in the next four years.

Birth year : 1916

Current year : 2020

Difference : 104 years

Leap year comes every four years. So in 104 years it would come 26 years.

Hence assuming the woman in question was born on February 29th, that means she celebrates her birthday once every 4 years on another leap year.

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Answer:

A. Sex linked inheritance

Explanation:

Chronic strains are an injury brought on by overusing, overstretching, or forcibly reaching a muscle beyond its range of motion. A tendon or ligament may occasionally be involved.

A sprain is a stretching or tearing of the ligaments, the strong bands of fibrous tissue in your joints that link two bones together.

Additional cartilage strips, known as semilunar cartilages, support the knee joint on both sides. Meniscal tears or splits are among the most frequent knee injuries. extreme impact or twisting, particularly when engaging in weight-bearing activities.

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The genetic code has no voids. The genetic code is read three nucleotide at a time.

Genetics is the study of genes. Our DNA transmits information from one generations to the next. Due to heredity, one child, for example, has blonde hair like her mother, whereas their sibling have dark hair like their father.

Genetic problems can either be genetic or not, but there will always a mutational alteration in the genome. Hereditary diseases can be passed from one generation to the next. The main difference between the two ideas is this.

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Answer: because they have many little arms with powerful suction.

Explanation:

sea stars have many little suction tubes with extreme power all around their body and they use them to rip open the clam.

Flagella are helical appendages that protrude through the cell membrane and are long and whip-like. Pili are hollow filamentous extensions that emerge from the cell's surface.

Flagella are whip-like and pili are hair-like. Flagella are extended from the interior cell body while pili extend from the cell surface. pili are mostly found in bacteria.

The pilus is a hair-like structure associated with bacterial adhesion and related to bacterial colonization and infection.

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Enzymes are proteins that are made up of amino acids that have peptide chain

An amino acid short chain is known as a peptide. Peptide bonds are the connections that hold the amino acids of a peptide together in a particular order. Peptides are typically recognized from proteins by their shorter length, though the exact number of amino acids required to distinguish between a peptide and a protein can vary.

Proteins called enzymes are made up of amino acids connected by one or more polypeptide chains. The fundamental structure of a polypeptide chain refers to this arrangement of amino acids. This in turn determines the enzyme's three-dimensional structure, including the active site's shape.

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Through bundling of neuron fiber or activity known as nerves, the nervous system or internal bodily processes or tissues, such as muscle fibers, glands, the skin, are linked.

Category A, group B, and quarterfinals nerve terminals are the three categories into which nerve fibers are divided. Units A and B include myelin sheaths, whereas group C does not. Both of the fibers seen in these groups are somatosensory fibers.

A-alpha nerve fibers convey information linked to proprioception (muscle sense). A-beta nerve fibers carry information about touch. A-delta nerve fibers transmit information about temperature and pain. The C-nerve fibers transmit sensations of itch, warmth, and pain.

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The factors that determine the likelihood of an earthquake are history, strain accumulation, and the rate at which strain accumulates in a rock.

An earthquake occurs when two blocks of earth suddenly slip past each other. The fault or fault plane is the surface where they slip. Earthquakes are caused by sudden movement along fault lines within the Earth. The movement releases accumulated 'elastic strain' energy in the form of seismic waves, which travel through the Earth and cause the ground to shake.

Within the next 30 years, there is a 60% chance of an earthquake measuring magnitude 6.7, a 46% chance of an earthquake measuring magnitude 7, and a 31% chance of an earthquake measuring magnitude 7.5. A transform boundary causes a fault between two lithosphere plates, which slide past one another. This motion neither creates nor destroys crust and will result in earthquakes but no volcanoes.

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Nearly all stimuli destined for the cerebral cortex must first pass through the thalamus.

The outer layer of the brain is the cerebral cortex. Its surface has many folds, giving it a rumpled look. The folds are made up of many deep grooves called sulci and raised areas called gyri.

The cerebral cortex is made from 4 lobes: frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe.

The main function of the cerebrum is to control the voluntary muscle movements of the body. The cerebral cortex is primarily involved in consciousness.

The thalamus is an egg-fashioned shape withinside the middle of the brain. It is known as the relay station for all incoming motor (movement) and sensory information (auditory, gustatory, visual, and tactile (but not olfactory).

The thalamus is a small structure in the brain just above the brainstem, between the cerebral cortex and midbrain, and has extensive neural connections to both. The principal characteristic of the thalamus is to transmit motor and sensory alerts to the cerebral cortex.

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