You have recently identified a new toxin. It is produced by a gram-negative bacterium. It is composed mostly of protein, has high toxicity, and is not heat stable. You also discover that it targets liver cells. Based on these characteristics, how would you classify this toxin

Answers

Answer 1

Based on the characteristics above, this toxin can be categorized as EXOTOXIN. These toxins (exotoxins) are produced by different types of bacteria.

Exotoxins are a broad category of proteins produced by bacteria that enter host cells in order to alter their physiological properties.

These toxins (exotoxins) can be secreted by Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria.

Examples of exotoxins include botulinum toxin secreted by Clostridium botulinum bacteria, tetanospasmin toxin secreted by Clostridium tetani bacteria, etc.

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Related Questions

Suggest why the blood flows through many channels in the dialysis unit, rather than through a single large channel

Answers

Hello there I hope you are having a great day :)

Blood travels through many different channels to optimize absorption. The water potential in the solution in the dialysis machine will need to be less than in the blood. If all the blood flows through a single large channel the blood water potential may be more negative than outside, therefore slowing absorption.    

are substances made of one kind of atom.

Answers

Answer:

Substances made up of multiple types of atoms are called compounds.

The atoms themselves would be referred to as carbon atoms, oxygen atoms, if singular

why are the offspring of asexually reproducing organisms genetically identical to their parent?

Answers

Answer: Because thear is only one parent.

A woman standing and watching the stars on a cool, calm night will lose most of her body heat by _____.

Answers

Answer: Not moving in the cool weather

Hope this helps. I think it would be by the woman not moving whilst being in the cold weather, good luck

an element can be identified by its unique number of –

Answers

Answer:

Protons

Explanation:

Every element has a unique number of protons and thats what the atomic number is on an element and how they're labeled in a periodic table

What are centrioles and centrosomes?​

Answers

Answer:

What are centrioles and centrosome?

Within the cell, a centrosome is a structure that organizes microtubules during cell division. Each centrosome contains “paired barrel-shaped organelles” called centrioles and a “cloud” of proteins referred to as the pericentriolar material, or PCM. They also enable movement of other organelles within the cytoplasm

Explanation:

Answer:

a centrosome is a structure that organizes microtubules during cell division. Each centrosome contains “paired barrel-shaped organelles” called centrioles and a “cloud” of proteins referred to as the pericentriolar material, or PCM.

Centrioles are made up of short lengths of microtubules “arranged around a central cavity.” Each centriole is around 500 nm long and 200 nm in diameter. The function of centrioles in animal cells is to organize the PCM to aid in microtubule formation.

Hope this helps!!!

what is the first link in the pediatric cardiac chain of survival

Answers

Answer: The first link in the Pediatric Chain of Survival is the prevention of injuries, accidents, and trauma that could lead to cardiac arrest.

Explanation: found online.

Ellie loves to canoe out at Sebago Lake. One summer day she went out on the water and gave her dad a call
on her cell phone to let him know she was okay. Although she was comfortable out on the water, her dad,
back on land, was suffering tremendously from the heat. Explain why Janet felt cooler than her dad, even
though they were within a mile of each other.

Answers

Ok I M very confused

whats the answer ugh

Answers

Answer:

Phalanges: long bones

Sternum: flat bone

Vertebrae: Irregular bone

What type of diffusion is aided with a transport protein?
a. Osmosis
b. Permeated diffusion
c. Facilitated diffusion
d. Osmotic diffusion

Answers

Facilitated diffusion is the diffusion of solutes through transport proteins in the plasma membrane. Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport. Even though facilitated diffusion involves transport proteins, it is still passive transport because the solute is moving down the concentration gradient.

Help fast pls
Which statement describes the process of osmosis in an animal cell?
A)
Sugar molecules move across the plasma membrane until the cell has
enough energy to
grow in size and dividel
B)
Water molecules move across the plasma membrane until solute
concentrations are equal
on both sides of the membrane.
C)
Tons move across the plasma membrane until the inside of the cell has a
higher
concentration of positive charges.
D
Enzymes move across the plasma membrane until the cell has completed
metabolism

Answers

Answer:

hi b is the correct one<3 have a good day

Explanation:

Water molecules moving across the plasma membrane until solute concentrations are equal on both sides of the membrane best describes the process of osmosis in an animal cell .

Osmosis is the process in which molecules move  from a region of higher concentration to that of a lower concentration across a semi-permeable membrane.

Osmosis provides a balance between the elements in which organisms are exposed to. A very high concentration may cause cells to shrink and die hence the reason to maintain a balance for optimal functions and survival.

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Both amino acids and nucleotides contain
from the periodic table.
Nitrogen
O Phosphorus
Sulfur
O Boron

Answers

the answer is Nitrogen

How do enzymes use strain to catalyze reactions?

Answers

Answer:

Bond strain: enzymes can destabilize bonds within the substrate. Proximity and orientation: conformational changes in the enzyme upon substrate binding can bring reactive groups closer together or orient them so they can react.

Explanation:

Catherine works in a plant nursery and likes all the brightly colored flowers there. She asks the owner about them and is surprised to learn that all flowers have to stages to their life cycle. What are the two stages plants go through during their life cycle? Choose two that apply.

Answers

Answer:

the gametophyte stage and the sporophyte stage are the first 2 stages of a plants life.

Explanation:

The plants go through haploid and diploid stages during their life cycle.

What is the alternation of generation?

Plants have two distinct multicellular stages in their life cycle diploid and haploid.

In the diploid stage, the plant has 2 sets of chromosomes while in the haploid stage the plant only single set of chromosomes.

Therefore, the plants go through haploid and diploid stages during their life cycle.

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100 POINTS & BRAINLIEST!!

Answers

It has alot of Biodeversity!
There is a shipwreck.
Time.
The Biodeversity keeps this micro habitat stable and provides room for different species to come in.
The shipwreck is a man made artifact that provides alot of shelter for all types of wildlife in this small habitat
Over time this was developed not just in days!
Hope this helps!

Answer:

Biodiversity

Explanation:

The correlation between surroundings and the animals or creatures living inside an ecosystem anywhere is called biodiversityThe ship is working as a shelter for fishes.So they have started living inside and also reproducing themselves.It also shows that for food they have to come outside which is not present inwards

the effects of epinephrine are typically observed within

Answers

Answer:

70mins

Explanation:

i don't have one I just know

I NEED HELP ASAPP!!! I need to draw a disadvantage of nuclear. What should I draw??

Answers

Answer:

You should draw a toxic environment like a waste disposal place or a landfill with green gas around the surrounding area.

A day on Earth is approximately 24 hours, which is the amount of time it takes for Earth to complete one
rotation around its axis. How do the two tidal bulges created by the Moon align with the number and
frequency of tides for each coastal city??

Answers

Answer:

Because the Earth rotates through two tidal “bulges” every lunar day, coastal areas experience two high and two low tides every 24 hours and 50 minutes. High tides occur 12 hours and 25 minutes apart. ... This occurs because the moon revolves around the Earth in the same direction that the Earth is rotating on its axis.

The two bulges created by the Moon align with the number and frequency of tides for each coastal city by the fact that the coastal cities experienced two consecutive high and low tides within the time interval of 24 hours and 50 minutes.

What do you mean by Tidal bulges?

Tidal bulges may be defined as a type of natural phenomenon that significantly involves the gravitational attraction between the moon and the Earth provoking the water in the oceans which is present in a fluid state and mobile in nature.

These attributes force the water to be pulled toward the moon and stimulate the production of bulges. And due to the revolution of the earth on its axis changes the location of the water.

The process of tidal bulges accomplished the consistent revolution of the moon around the earth with respect to the rotation of the earth on its axis in the same direction.

Therefore, the coastal cities experienced two consecutive high and low tides within the time interval of 24 hours and 50 minutes.

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HELPP !!!
If a recessive trait is beneficial to an animal, what happens to the trait's proportion in the population?

It becomes more common
It becomes less common
It doesn't change much

Answers

Answer:

It becomes more common

Explanation:

Even if the trait is recessive if it is beneficial to a population then it will become more common because those with the trait are more likely to survive. For example, if a population of beetles lives on green grass and the dominant trait is for the beetles to be black and the recessive trait is green then the green ones will survive because the black beetles will be eaten first.

Which of the following describe genes?
А.
a set of instructions encoded in mRNA
B
a set of instructions encoded in DNA
ООО
с
a set of instructions encoded in tRNA
D
a set of instructions encoded in a protein

Answers

Explanation:

A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA. Some genes act as instructions to make molecules called proteins.

Which of the following do scientists think might make up dark matter? Select the three correct answers.
A. weakly interacting massive particles
B. black holes
C. gamma rays
D. massive compact halo objects
E. spiral galaxies
F. galaxy clusters

Answers

Answer:

A. Weakly.. B. Black.. D. Massive..

Explanation:

Well, I already took the quick check and got them wrong, and then got the answers for y'all

The options that scientists might think of to make up dark matter are as follows:

Weakly interacting massive particles.Black holes.Massive compact halo objects.

Thus, the correct options for this question are A, B, and D.

What is meant by Dark matter?

Dark matter may be defined as the type of particles that do not absorb, reflect, or emit light significantly. Due to this, they cannot be exposed by visualizing electromagnetic radiation. The materials of dark matter can not be examined directly.

According to the context of this question, dark particles considerably include weakly interacting massive particles along with the part of black holes and massive compact halo objects. Hypothetically, it is believed that approximately 85% of the matter in the universe accounts for dark matter.

Therefore, the correct options for this question are A, B, and D.

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If something exhibits all of the characteristics of life, it is considered to be _____.

dead
inanimate
non-living
alive

Answers

It is considered to be alive
It is considered to be alive

As a living organism (you) what is your Habitat, Ecosystem, and Biosphere?

Answers

Answer:

An ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with one another and their non-living environment within a particular area. ... The biosphere is that part of the earth inhabited by living organisms, including land, ocean and the atmosphere in which life can exist. It is the global ecosystem.

Explanation:

Which organ systems work together to transport substances around a plant?

A.) Roots, leaves, flowers

B.) Stems, roots, flowers

C.) Stems, leaves, flowers

D.) Stem, roots, leaves

Answers

Answer:

B.) Stems, roots, flowers

Explanation:

does a woodpecker wrap its tongue around its brain

Answers

Answer:

shockingly, yes, it does

Explanation:

Having its tongue wrapped around the back of its brain doesn't just give a woodpecker somewhere to store a long appendage; it also helps protect the bird's brain from injury during high-speed pecking.

When Mendel conducted his pea plant genetic experiments, he found that the first generation (F1) of offspring were all true purple plants, but the second generation (F2) contained some white flowers. How did this refute another theory of inheritance based on the idea that traits in offspring were an equal mix of the traits of their parents?

Answers

you can get the link from here of this answer

www. lsttrio. com

Explain how kinetic energy affects each object as it changes its state of matter:
A) Water boiling:
B) Popsicle freezing:
C) Water condensing on the side of a water bottle:

Answers

Answer:

Explain how kinetic energy affects each object as it changes its state of matter:

A) Water boiling:

B) Popsicle freezing:

C) Water condensing on the side of a water bottle:

Explanation:

A) A water boiling will result in evaporation, therefore the particles will move extensively faster than liquid due to it being vapor.

B) A popsicle freezing is originally a solid so it'll have the least amount of kinetic energy as the particles remain fairly slow.

C) Due to the fact that water is condensing, while turning into a liquid. The water condensing on the side of the water bottle would produce a lower kinetic energy level due to the fact that it's becoming a liquid. Though liquids have higher kinetic energy than solids, as gases have a higher kinetic energy compared to liquids.

Evaporation from boiling water causes the particles to move much more quickly than they would in a liquid state.

What is Kinetic energy?

A popsicle is initially a solid, it will have the least kinetic energy because the particles are still moving slowly.  Because water is condensing as it transforms into a liquid.

Because it is turning into a liquid, the water that is condensing on the water bottle's side would have less kinetic energy.

Gases have a higher kinetic energy than liquids, despite the fact that liquids have a higher kinetic energy than solids.

Therefore, Evaporation from boiling water causes the particles to move much more quickly than they would in a liquid state.

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What skeletal issue causes the outward curving of the spine, or a hunchback posture?

Answers

Answer:

b. Kyphosis

Explanation:

Answer:

Kyphosis

Explanation:

Any living thing with one are more cell is a ?

Answers

Answer:

Obviously, humans and animals. Plants, micro-organisms, hair, bacteria, yeast. Ofcourse many more, but these are the living things I can think for now.

All animals pretty much. plants too. they are all multi cellular

Explanation:

Answer:

Multicellular Organism.

Explanation:

.

elabora un algoritmo  en el cual muestres cómo se originaron las células eucariotas modernas.

Answers

Answer:

Can you translate that to english? or french

Explanation:

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