Without a proton gradient, protons will not flow through ATP synthase, hence no ATP will be produced.
What happens if ATP synthesis is blocked ?The output of ATP from OXPHOS is compromised by ATP synthase inhibition, and the energy metabolism is reprogrammed to favour enhanced glycolysis.
The proton motive force drives the synthesis of ATP once there are enough protons present. Therefore, a gradient enables cells to accumulate protons as "loose change," and this difference is crucial in determining whether there is growth or not, and whether there is life or not.
Protons need more and more energy to be pushed across the gradient as it increases. When the energy needed to push protons reaches 69.5 kJ/mole, electron transport must stop. In fact, before the gradient reaches that level, the second law of thermodynamics requires that electron transport cease.
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What is the meaning of life?
Answer:
The definition is: the quality that distinguishes a vital and functional being from a dead body
The meaning of life, our purpose on earth, is to do good and be good so that one day we can be in eternal happiness in Heaven.
In which type of reaction does a substance break down into its
components?
O decomposition
Oall reactions involve breaking down substances
O combustion
O acid-base
Answer:
yoyoyoyo
Explanation:
Label this diagram ASAP pls!
The diagram given here shows the enzyme substrate reaction where, a is the substrate, b is the active site of enzyme, c is the enzyme and d is the product.
What is enzyme- substrate theory?By accelerating the rate of a chemical reaction, an enzyme is a globular protein that functions as a biological catalyst.Enzymes can be reused because the reactions they catalyze do not alter or consume them.Enzymes often have names that end in "-ase" and are named after the molecules they react with (referred to as the substrate).The enzyme lipase, for instance, breaks down lipids.The portion of the enzyme's surface that interacts with the substrate molecule is known as the active site.The form and chemical features of the substrate and active site complement one another.Therefore, only a particular substrate can bind to the active site of a given enzyme.For more information on enzymes- substrate theory kindly visit to
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What is the function/job of the digestive and respiratory systems?
Answer: The digestive system is responsible for breaking down food and absorbing nutrients from it, while the respiratory system is responsible for bringing oxygen into the body and removing carbon dioxide.
Explanation:
The digestive system consists of a number of organs that work together to process food and extract nutrients from it. These organs include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and rectum. The digestive system starts with the mouth, where food is mechanically broken down by chewing and mixed with saliva, which contains enzymes that begin the process of breaking down food. The food is then swallowed and passes through the esophagus, which moves it to the stomach, where it is mixed with stomach acid and enzymes that continue the process of breaking down the food. The partially digested food is then moved to the small intestine, where it is further broken down and the nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. The remaining indigestible material is moved to the large intestine, where water is absorbed and the material is eliminated through the rectum.
The respiratory system consists of the nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. When we inhale, air passes through the nose or mouth, down the pharynx and larynx, and into the trachea. The trachea then splits into two bronchi, which lead to the left and right lungs. The lungs are made up of tiny air sacs called alveoli, where oxygen from the air we inhale is exchanged with carbon dioxide from the body's cells. The oxygen-rich blood is then carried back to the heart, where it is pumped to the rest of the body. When we exhale, the carbon dioxide is expelled from the body.
The lactose (lac) operon in e. Coli is an example of a gene that is expressed when lactose is not available in a cell.
The given statement is false that the lactose (lac) operon in E. coli is an example of a gene that is expressed when lactose is not available in a cell.
Lactose operon is the set of genes present in the prokaryotic cells that work together in order to conduct the metabolism of lactose. The genes of the operon are expressed when lactose is present and glycose is absent in the cell.
Gene is the most basic and fundamental unit of heredity. it is the factor that contains the information for a particular trait. It is present on the chromosome at a certain specific location. There are several genes present in the living organism's genetic material that code for various traits.
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the process of meiosis and fertilization help ensure the survival of the species by providing each generation with the same number of:______.
Answer: I believe the answer is chromosomes
The ability to roll the tongue i thought to be controlled by a dominant allele (R). What percent of offpring from two heterozygou (Rr) parent are mot likely to have the tongue-rolling trait?
A
25%
B
50%
C
75%
D
100%
The probability of offspring to have allele for tongue-rolling trait is 0%
The genotype that will be affected will be homozygous recessive (rr).Because they lack the dominant allele, the youngster will therefore be unable to roll their tongue. Therefore, there is no chance that kids will exhibit the tongue-rolling personality.
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During the winter, this species of fox has white fur, but in the summer, it has brown fur. what environmental change may have lead to this fox's fur color? snow cover increase in sun’s brightness volcanic eruption global warming
The Arctic Fox changes to a frostier white colour in the winter, whereas foxes in Canada and Alaska change to a pale white colour during the same season.
In the summer, Arctic Foxes are brownish grey, but in the winter, they become a frosty white tint. Their Canadian and Alaskan brothers, in contrast to the Arctic Fox, have a slightly different color. In the summer, they are slate grey, and in the winter, they only become a slightly paler whiter color.
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Answer: snow cover
Explanation: took the test. very late answer too.
What is the transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber?.
The cornea is the right answer which is the transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber
The transparent part that covers the iris and pupil and allows light to enter. Zoom in. Anatomy of the eye showing the outside and inside of the eye, including the eyelid, pupil, sclera, iris, cornea, lens, ciliary body, retina, choroid, vitreous humor, and optic nerve. Important functions of the cornea of the eye include protecting the structures inside the eye, contributing to the refractive power of the eye, and focusing light rays onto the retina with minimal scattering and optical degradation. This is a transparent tissue that protects the inside of the eye and focuses light towards the lens and retina of the eye. Without focus, light passes through the front of the eye and cannot reach the retina properly. The result is blurred vision.
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What forces the blood to circulate through vessels in a closed circulatory system?
a.
the notochord
b.
the nerve cord
c.
the cranium
d.
the heart
Answer:
a.
Explanation:
Answer:
the heart, i took the quiz
Axolotls live in a very specific place in Mexico and are on the endangered species list due to pollution, overfishing, and habitat loss. What
would happen to their population if we were not able to change one of the three threats?
The planet will someday become congested due to the tremendous rate of population growth. Global warming with increased population density.
What will occur in the event of an overpopulation?The need for food, water, houses, energy, healthcare, transportation, and other resources will rise as the population grows. All of this consumption increases the likelihood of major catastrophes like pandemics, increases conflicts, and degrades the environment.
If a population doesn't have adequate resources, what will happen?When resources are scarce, "competition" intensifies and some organism populations decline. Without access to the materials they require, some people might even become smaller or weaker. The availability of resources may be impacted by environmental changes, natural disasters, and people.
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Which of the following statements is/are true based upon the diagram shown below?
a.Figure A represents Gradualism while Figure B represents Punctuated Equilibrium.
b.Figure A represents Punctuated Equilibrium while Figure B represents Gradualism.
c.Figure A displays an organism that has undergone a rapid burst of speciation followed by a long period of time in which it has remained unchanged.
d.Figure B displays an organism that has undergone rapid bursts of geographic isolation followed by long periods of stability.
The statement b. Figure A represents Punctuated Equilibrium while Figure B represents Gradualism is true based upon the diagram.
What are Punctuated Equilibrium and Gradualism evolutionary phenomena?Punctuated Equilibrium is a process that leads to sudden changes in the phenotype in order to fit environmental conditions, while Gradualism can be defined as a gradually progressive process of change of traits in a species.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that Punctuated Equilibrium and Gradualism are distinct evolutionary adaptive phenomena in terms of how the phenotypic change is produced in the population and or species.
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Which mutation could be passed on to future generations?
A. A nerve cell has an adenine substituted for a guanine base on one of its chromosomes
B. A strand of mRNA has a mistake in it that was not in the original DNA strand
C. A sperm cell has an extra nucleotide on chromosome 23 that was not in the parent cell
D. A strand of replicated DNA in a liver cell has a mistake on it that wasn’t in the original DNA strand
The mutation that could be passed on to future generations is option C, in which a sperm cell has an extra nucleotide on chromosome 23 that was not in the parent cell.
Mutations are changes to the genetic material of a cell that can potentially be passed on to future generations. These changes can occur in the DNA of an organism's cells, as well as in the RNA molecules that are transcribed from DNA.
In option A, a nerve cell has an adenine substituted for a guanine base on one of its chromosomes. This is an example of a point mutation, in which a single nucleotide is changed within a strand of DNA. However, this mutation is not likely to be passed on to future generations, as it occurred in a nerve cell rather than in a reproductive cell.
In option B, a strand of mRNA has a mistake in it that was not in the original DNA strand. This is an example of a transcription error, in which a mistake is made during the process of transcribing DNA into RNA. However, this mutation is also not likely to be passed on to future generations, as it occurred in an RNA molecule rather than in DNA.
In option C, a sperm cell has an extra nucleotide on chromosome 23 that was not in the parent cell. This is an example of a chromosomal mutation, in which a change occurs in the structure or number of chromosomes in a cell. Because this mutation occurred in a sperm cell, it has the potential to be passed on to future generations through sexual reproduction.
In option D, a strand of replicated DNA in a liver cell has a mistake on it that wasn’t in the original DNA strand. This is an example of a replication error, in which a mistake is made during the process of copying DNA strands. However, like options A and B, this mutation is not likely to be passed on to future generations
A student is going to be diving to collect shells. The instructor tells him to exhale as much as possible and then take a breath of air before he dives.
How would this help the student stay underwater for a longer period of time?
Answer: It decreases CO2
Explanation:
Answer:
Practice deep breathing. Before holding your breath, inhale and exhale slowly from deep within your diaphragm. By doing this, you're ridding your lungs of low-quality air.[1] Spend five seconds breathing in, then hold the breath for one second, before breathing out for ten seconds. Continue deep breathing for two minutes, and be sure that when you exhale, you push out every last "drop" of air.
Explanation:
The hyperventilation reduces the body's carbon dioxide content but does not affect oxygen content much, but the Fio2 of 100 kPa considerably increases the total oxygen content. Hyperventilation before diving enables breath hold divers to stay down longer but is very dangerous.
in gene expression in eukaryotes, the primary transcript is transported unchanged directly to the cytoplasm and is ready for translation. t or f
False, in gene expression in eukaryotes, the primary transcript is transported unchanged directly to the cytoplasm and is not ready for translation.
A gene is the fundamental physical and purposeful unit of heredity. Some genes act as instructions to make molecules referred to as proteins. but, many genes do now not code for proteins.
Our genes incorporate instructions that inform your cells to make molecules referred to as proteins. Proteins perform various features on our body to keep us healthy. Every gene includes commands that determine your functions, together with eye color, hair shade, and height.
Few genes act as commands to make molecules referred to as proteins. In human beings, genes vary in length from a few hundred DNA bases to extra than 2 million bases.
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The current level of folic acid fortification of grain products leads to an intake of about 100 extra micrograms of folic acid per day. Why doesn’t the fortification program mandate higher levels of folic acid to more effectively meet requirements?.
The amount of folic acid added to grain products at this time results in an additional daily consumption of roughly 100 micrograms. Because too much folic acid might conceal a vitamin B-12 deficiency, the fortification programme does not need greater doses of folic acid.
Malabsorption of food-bound vitamin B12 is the most frequent cause of vitamin B12 deficiencyin elderly individuals. Therefore, it is advised that the 2.4 microg/d recommended daily requirement be predominantly reached by crystalline vitamin B12, which is thought to be well absorbed in people with food-bound malabsorption.
There is worry that increased folic acid intakes from fortified foods and nutritional supplements might conceal the macrocytic anaemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency, obviating a crucial diagnostic indicator.
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Which is strong evidence that similar traits in different evolutionary lineages are the result of homology and not homoplasy?.
Answer:
Hope this helps!
Explanation:
Which is strong evidence that similar traits in different evolutionary lineages are the result of homology and not homoplasy? The traits are also found in many intervening lineages on the tree of life. If intervening lineages also share the trait, it was most likely inherited from the same common ancestor.
what are some of the ways that your choices can affect the way your body self-regulates appetite and satiety via the production of ghrelin and leptin? (choose all that apply)
A hormone called leptin helps people eat less and lose weight and body fat. If you drastically reduce your calorie intake, your body will create more ghrelin than it should.
Foods that have been processed and labeled as "low-fat" can help you maintain healthy levels of ghrelin and leptin. You will experience hunger and fullness in appetite advantageous ways if you exercise enough. You can keep your ghrelin and leptin levels in check by eating a balanced diet, avoiding processed foods, and exercising regularly. Your body uses leptin primarily to help maintain a stable balance between food intake and energy expenditure (expenditure). Leptin aids in regulating energy balance and suppressing (preventing) appetite.
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3.
What can you infer about the structure of DNA using the information in this model? Think
about the Building DNA GIZMO that we did in class. Which statement is TRUE about the
structure of DNA?
This figure shows a section of a double-stranded DNA molecule
The numbers of each nucleotide determine genetic information.
O Paired nucleotides are held together by covalent bonds
ODNA has two strands and each is made up of a phosphate-sugar backbone
Adenine pairs with Cytosine and Guanine pairs with Thymine
Answer: DNA has two strands and each is made up of a phosphate-sugar backbone
Explanation:
DNA is double stranded. The backbone of each strand consists of phosphate groups bound to ribose sugars.
Adenine pairs with Thymine A - T
Cytosine pairs with Guanine G - C
The nucleotides in DNA are held together by hydrogen bonds not covalent.
upon reaching what point in the nephron is reabsorption (1) dependent upon the body's needs at the time and (2) regulated by hormones?
The distal convoluted tubule hrlps in reabsorption in the nephron depending upon body need and at the time regulated by hormone.
Reabsorption takes place from the filtrate throughout the tubular lumen of the nephron and into the blood of the peritubular capillaries.
The distal convoluted tubule and accumulating ducts are then in large part chargeable for reabsorbing water as required to supply urine at a awareness that continues frame fluid homeostasis. Distal convoluted tubule (DCT) reabsorption simplest takes place beneathneath the impact of hormonal regulation.
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For a cell with diploid number of 6, how many sister chromatids are present at prophase?
the correct answer is 12
what anatomical features do neandertals have that support the hypothesis that they are specifically adapted to cold climates?
The Neanderthals were a tolerant of the cold. Similar to their face characteristics, Neanderthals' bodily proportions varied. They did, however, have large chests and relatively small lower limb extremities compared to their upper arms and legs. They must have had enormous, well-muscled arms and legs.
How did Neanderthals most likely adapt to their environment?Neanderthal populations were versatile, living in warm temperate forests approximately 120,000 years ago in Spain and Italy and in chilly steppe settings in England and Siberia about 60,000 years ago.
They could have been able to warm up and inhale more air because to their big nasal aperture. Their small limbs probably assisted them in retaining body heat. Since the last common ancestor of humans and neanderthals, skeletal variations are the consequence of adaptations.
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The sequence of nucleotides in a single strand of DNA is shown. TGA - GTG - AAT - CAT. Which of the following represents the complementary DNA strand?
CAG ACA GGC TGC
ACU CAC UUA GUA
ACT CAC TTA GTA
GTC TGT CCG ACG
Need help ASAP!!!
Correct Answer is -ACT CAC TTA GTA (3 OPTION ).
As DNA Govern complementary base pairing
What is DNA?
DNA- deoxyribonucleic acid - Is the genetic material, at least for the majority of organism.
-- DNA is a long polymer of deoxyribonucleotides.
In the Above Question we have given Nitrogen bases and We need to find the Nitrogen bases in the complementary strand.
What is Nitrogen Bases?
--Nitrogenous compounds that form an important part of the nucleotides. Nucleotides are building blocks of DNA and RNA that are composed of a sugar, nitrogenous base and a phosphate group.
There are two types of nitrogenous bases
(a) Purine (Adenine and Guanine )
(b) Pyrimidine ( Cytosine and Thymine).
All Nitrogenous bases are joined by Hydrogen Bond.( Adenine with Thymine and Guanine with Cytosine).
What is complementary Base pairings?
Within a molecule of DNA, pairs of bases are chemically bonded together by hydrogen bonds.
In above questions we Have given bases of one strand i.e. TGA GTG AAT CAT
As we known it goven complementary base pairing so according to bases on another strand is ACT CAC TTA GTA.
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In a section through a plant, a student found a group of long, microscopic structures. The structures lacked end walls, cytoplasm and nuclei.
Which identification and reason best matches the student’s observations?
Answer:
answer is D
Explanation:
what is generally the starting material for whole-genome shotgun sequencing of genomic dna?
Answer: The first step in shotgun sequencing an entire genome is to digest the genome into a large number of small fragments suitable for sequencing. All the small fragments are then cloned and sequenced. Computers analyze the sequence data for overlapping regions and assemble the sequences into several large contigs.
Explanation:
Tropic hormones, or tropins, include several hormones produced by which structure?.
Answer:
The anterior pituitary
Explanation:
Most tropic hormones are produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary. The hypothalamus secretes tropic hormones that target the anterior pituitary, and the thyroid gland secretes thyroxine, which targets the hypothalamus and therefore can be considered a tropic hormone.
route blood takes from heart to lungs via pulmonary artery and back to heart via pulmonary vein
Blood comes into the right atrium from the body, enters to the right ventricle and is pushed into the pulmonary arteries in the lungs.
Oxygenated blood after picking up oxygen, its travels back to the heart through the pulmonary veins into the left atrium, to the left ventricle and out to the body's tissues through the aorta.
Pulmonary artery is the biggest artery that comes from the heart. It also gets splits into two main branches, and brings blood from the heart to the lungs. At the place in lungs, the blood picks up oxygen and drops off carbon dioxide. The blood then returns back to the heart through the pulmonary veins. Blood passes through the aortic valve into the left aorta to be distributed through the body.
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Which of the following is completed during "seeing the scene?" Evidence is marked O Evidence is collected Evidence is analyzed O Evidence is photographed GAR
Answer:
Evidence is photographed GAR
Explanation:
Crime scene examiners see the scene. Photos of overall area and close ups should be taken. Triangulation of stationary objects should be included in the photos as reference points. View should be taken at different angles and distances, close ups of evidence and bodies should be taken.
How do these structures function in the inheritance of traits?
Your genes store inherited characteristics. These genes are passed down from parents to children, who then pass them on to their offspring, and so forth.
What is the method of passing traits down?How are hereditary traits transmitted? Your genes store inherited characteristics. These genes are passed down from parents to children, who then pass them on to their offspring, and so forth. DNA, which stands for "deoxyribonucleic acid," is the chemical compound that houses this genetic data.
What characteristics are influenced by the DNA's structure?Gene expression ultimately controls how an organism behaves. Protein synthesis and other cellular processes enable gene expression, which in turn controls structure, metabolism, and other factors.
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which one of the options by itself does not possess the ability to synthesize its own proteins?
a. a virusb. a human cell, a virus, and a bacterial cellc. a viral particle and a bacterial celld. a human celle. a bacterial cell
The option that does not possess the ability to synthesize its own protein is: a virus.
Proteins are the biomolecules that are necessary for the living body to perform multiple functions. A protein is polymers made up of amino acid monomers. The functions that proteins can perform are varying like: signaling, enzymatic, transport, structural, etc.
Viruses are the acellular components. They are called acellular because they do not follow the cell theory. Viruses do not function outside any living body. However once inside any living host, they exhibit the potential to takeover the machinery of the cell they are present in and synthesize their own viral particles or proteins.
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