Answer:
double circulation is more efficient. They ensure that we're giving our tissues and muscles blood full of oxygen, instead of a mixture of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
Which of the following is true about photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
A. Cellular respiration which occurs in the mitochondrion produces sugar (glucose) and oxygen which
are the reactants in photosynthesis.
B. Photosynthesis which occurs in the chloroplast produces carbon dioxide and sugar (glucose) which
are the reactants in cellular respiration
C. Cellular respiration which occurs in the mitochondrion produces carbon dioxide and sugar (glucose)
which are the reactants in photosynthesis.
D. Photosynthesis which occurs in the chloroplast produces sugar (glucose) and oxygen which are the
reactants in cellular respiration.
Answer:
D. Photosynthesis which occurs in the chloroplast produces sugar(glucose) and oxygen which are the reactants in cellular respiration
Based on replication proteins, DNA replication in archaea is most similar to that of
a) eukaryotes
b) bacteria
The archaeal DNA replication machinery bears a striking resemblance to that of eukaryotes and is distinctly different from the bacterial apparatus.
How is archaea DNA similar to eukaryotic DNA?Archaea cell membranes are composed of isoprenoid-based glycerol lipids. It does not have murein in its cell wall and its position is replaced by a certain protein. The DNA polymerase enzymes that copy DNA to form RNA are different from bacteria. Proteins in DNA replication are more like eukaryotes than they are homologous bacteria. Another distinctive feature is that Archaea are insensitive to most antibiotics that have the potential to inhibit bacteria or eukaryotes.
The cell wall of Archaea differs from Gram-positive and Gram-negative which are the common types of cell walls of bacteria. Cell walls composed of murein are never found in Archaea. Instead, the cell wall is always composed of layers of S which are protein subunits arranged regularly on the cell surface.
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Which factors make sequencing by the sanger chain-termination method possible? select all that apply.
The factors make sequencing by the sanger chain-termination method possible are option C and E: A DNA strand whose 3' end terminates in a dideoxynucleotide cannot be elongated.
Deoxynucleotides having hydroxyl groups at the 3′ position on the deoxyribose ring make up the chain. By joining the phosphate of the incoming nucleotide to the 3′-hydroxyl of the outgoing nucleotide, DNA polymerase adds the following nucleotide. A nucleotide chain cannot continue if it lacks the 3′-hydroxyl, and the chain is broken. A growing DNA strand only gets new nucleotides at the 3' end. This is because the strand elongates only from 5' to 3' end of the chain.
Similar to DNA replication, chain termination sequencing needs deoxynucleotides, a single-stranded DNA template, DNA polymerase, and a primer. These elements are combined during in vitro sequencing operations, and DNA polymerase creates several copies of the original template.
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Which factors make sequencing by the sanger chain-termination method possible? select all that apply.
a. Complementary single-stranded nucleic acid sequences can come together to form a duplex molecule.
b. Single-stranded nucleic acid molecules can be immobilized on certain types of filter paper.
c. A DNA strand whose 3' end terminates in a dideoxynucleotide cannot be elongated.
d. Duplex nucleic acid molecules can be separated by size by means of electrophoresis.
e. New nucleotides are added only to the 3' end of a growing DNA strand.
LOOKING CLOSER
3. Compare Examine the
molecules in this figure and
those in the figure above.
Where did the oxygen and
hydrogen atoms in H₂O
come from?
Carbon and Hydrogen atoms share an electron pair, forming covalent bonds special properties of carbon is ability to form double and triple bonds.
What is molecule example?A molecule is the smallest unit of any material that is composed of one or more elements and is capable of existing independently while maintaining all of the substance's physical and chemical properties. Further atom division occurs within molecules.For instance, each atoms the particle of oxygen are represented by the letters Oh and Water vapour, together.
How a molecule is formed?When ionic compounds come together and form bonds with one another, a molecule is created. Each atom shares an electron when a bond is formed between them. A molecule is created as a result of a covalent bond.
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A new organism has been discovered! It was discovered inside a chicken's intestines, in Washington
state! In examining the organism under a microscope, scientists found that it is a single-celled organism that
consumes tiny bacteria. Upon studying it further, scientists also observed that this organism does not have a
nucleus.
These scientists are working to classify this organism. What Kingdom would you recommend they classify this
organism into and why?
Answer: Bacteria because its single celled and it can only be seen through a microscope
Explanation: that's all i know
tamoxifen is a drug that is used to treat breast cancer. it inhibits the activities of theestrogen receptor in breast epithelial cells, which are the cells that are relevant to breast cancer. one of the concerns that scientists had during the development of tamoxifen as a therapy for breast cancer was that other cell types require estrogen signaling for their function. for example, it is known that cells in bone tissue require estrogen signaling. as a result, there was a concern that use of tamoxifen would lead to bone loss in patients. in reality, however, researchers were surprised to find that tamoxifen actually led to an increase in bone density in breast cancer patients. at the same time, tamoxifen did inhibit the activity of the estrogen receptor in breast epithelial cells in these patients. what is the best explanation for this finding?
Tamoxifen is a hormone inhibitor that works by preventing the body from producing estrogen, a hormone that premenopausal and postmenopausal women have in their bodies.
Tamoxifen competes with other chemicals to bind to the estrogen receptor protein's active site, making it a competitive inhibitor. It thus inhibits the release of estrogen. You went on to say that the process is irreversible because when tamoxifen attaches to the receptor, the protein is irreversibly eliminated.
Tamoxifen is a member of the medication group known as selective estrogen receptor modulators. It generally works by preventing estrogen's effects on breast tissue, which can lead to breast cancer or worsen cases where cancer has already started. Tamoxifen is administered to stop the growth of cancer cells.
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when an individual has an energy surplus, he or she stores the extra energy as?
Glycogen and fat stores are used up first during famine in humans and other animals, then protein. When someone has more energy than they need, the additional energy is stored as carbs.
Keep in mind that extra energy that the body possesses can be stored as fat. Theoretically, since a pound of fat is equal to about 3,500 calories, you could gain about one pound if you consume 3,500 more calories than your body requires. Duodenum The first section of the small intestine that the stomach feeds into is the duodenum. A 10-inch-long, small chute, it descends and forms a around the pancreas before joining the remainder of the coiling intestines. "C" shape
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which statement about coenzymes is false? some enzymes require a coenzyme to carry out their function or activity. a coenzyme attaches to the enzyme to form an active complex. coenzymes are a part of the enzyme structure. all b vitamins function as coenzymes.
Coenzymes are a part of the enzyme structure is the false statement here
A coenzyme is defined as an organic molecule that binds to the active site of a specific enzyme and helps catalyze a reaction. In particular, coenzymes can act as electron carriers in these reactions or transfer between enzymes as functional groups. Coenzymes are organic compounds necessary for the catalytic activity of many enzymes. They are the often vitamins or the derivatives of vitamins. It can act as a catalyst without an enzyme, but it is not as effective as when combined with an enzyme. Examples of the coenzymes: Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD), the Nicotinamide Adenine the Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADP) and the Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD)
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a botanist hypothesizes that as flowers evolved tubular corollas, their nectar attracted a particular species of long-tongued fly that became their only insect pollinator. for this hypothesis to be reasonable, what issue should the botanist address?
One who researches 'botany' is called a 'botanist'. Botany is one of the world's oldest natural sciences. initially, Botany protected all plant-like organisms inclusive of algae, lichens, ferns, fungi, and mosses in conjunction with actual flowers.
Darwin understood the centrality of development in a deep and profoundly vital manner, both for animals and for flora. His notebooks document his cautious studying and interest in animal embryology and plant leaf and floral organ morphogenesis.
Butterfly-pollinated plants usually have pretty flashy flowers in hues like crimson and purple. these plants do not have the quantity of pollen that bee-attracting flowers do, however they've huge components of nectar to feed the butterflies.
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Mitosis can occur in both haploid and diploid cells, but meiosis cannot occur in haploid cells. Why not?.
Meiosis cannot be generated in a haploid cell because in meiosis a cell division occurs in which genetic material is distributed to two daughter cells, it is necessary that there are homologous chromosomes.
What is meiosis?Meiosis is a type of cell reproduction in which gametes are produced. It is a cell division in which a diploid cell will carry out two consecutive cell divisions in which four haploid cells will be generated, that is, those with a single set of chromosomes.
Therefore, we can confirm that meiosis cannot be generated in a haploid cell because in meiosis a cell division occurs in which genetic material is distributed to two daughter cells, it is necessary that there are homologous chromosomes.
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What will happen to the energy and matter in the system if the carbon sink burns?
NEED HELP!!!
Answer:
When these habitats are damaged or destroyed, it is not only their carbon sequestration capacity that is lost. Carbon stored in the habitats can also be released, contibuting to increased levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
Learn at brainlyThe energy and matter get dissipated in the atmosphere when the carbon sinks burn. This is because in the biological system energy and matter can neither be created nor be destroyed as they may be changed from one form to another.
What is meant by Carbon sink?A carbon sink may be defined as a process through which more carbon is absorbed from the atmosphere than it liberates. It accumulates and stores some carbon-containing chemical compounds for an indefinite period and thereby eliminates carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
According to the context of this question, a carbon source is anything that releases more carbon into the atmosphere than it absorbs – for example, the burning of fossil fuels or volcanic eruptions, destruction of habitat, etc. All these examples are directly related to carbon sequestration.
Therefore, the energy and matter get dissipated in the atmosphere when the carbon sinks burn.
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which of the following best describes the role of moss in the transition to stage iii of the process? responses it serves as a soil seed bank in the leaf litter. it serves as a soil seed bank in the leaf litter. it breaks down rock and adds organic nutrients to the soil. it breaks down rock and adds organic nutrients to the soil. it provides shade and reduces surface temperatures. it provides shade and reduces surface temperatures. it provides habitat for birds and mammals.
Considering the succession in the ecosystem, the role of moss in the transition to stage iii of the process is that it serves as a soil seed bank in the leaf litter.
The correct option is A.
What is the meaning of succession in an ecosystem?Succession in an ecosystem is the process where the composition of species in an ecosystem changes over a given period of time.
There are two types of succession in an ecosystem;
primary succession, and secondary successionIn the given ecosystem, the role of the moss is to produce structures called protonema. Protonemas are the gametophytes that produce the gametangium which allows the formation of gametes.
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Can someone find all of the amino acid structures in the chain pictured at the top right please this is urgent.
The amino acids present in the peptide structure are:
leucinecysteinetyrosine, andglutamic acidWhat are amino acids?Amino acids are organic compounds that form the building blocks of the macromolecular structures called proteins.
Amino acids are liked to each other by peptide bonds to form the primary structure of proteins.
Peptide bonds are formed between the carboxy-terminal of one amino acid and the N-terminal of another amino acid. A water molecule is removed when peptide bonds are formed between two amino acids.
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A newly developed insecticide compound steals high-energy electrons from fadh2 and nadh before they can bind to the electron transport chain. Why does this kill insects?.
A newly developed insecticide compound steals high-energy electrons from fadh2 and NADH before they can bind to the electron transport chain. Fermentation pathways will be switched on, supplying insufficient ATP to maintain the insect.
They encompass such chemical substances as hydrogen cyanide, naphthalene, nicotine, and methyl bromide and are used in particular for insect pests of stored products or for fumigating nursery inventory.
Insecticides are chemicals used to bugs. a few insecticides also are to human beings. Many pesticides can purpose poisoning after being swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed thru the pores and skin. signs can also encompass eye tearing, coughing, heart problems, and breathing difficulties.
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escribe what happens during gene mutation
which part of the endocrine system creates chemicals that speed up metabolism? physical assessment
Answer:
The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped organ located in the base of your neck. It releases hormones that control metabolism—the way your body uses energy. The thyroid's hormones regulate vital body functions, including: Breathing.
Explanation:
An organism’s traits are determined by the specific combination of inherited _____.
The precise mix of inherited genes determines the particular trait of an organism.
What factors determine an organism's characteristics?Traits may be influenced by genes, the environment, or a mixture of the two. Eye colour is an example of a qualitative feature that may also be quantified (such as height or blood pressure). A specific attribute is part of an individual's overall phenotype.
What characteristics of organisms are influenced by a certain inheritance pattern?The genotype of an organism within a single organism is the particular set of alleles for that gene, and (as was already mentioned) the physical characteristic linked to that genotype is referred to as the organism's phenotype.
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what change in membrane potential (depolarization or hyperpolarization) triggers an action potential?
An action potential is produced when the membrane potential depolarizes. An action potential cannot be initiated unless the membrane potential becomes less negative.
What is a membrane?A bilayer of lipid molecules makes up the double sheet that makes up biological membranes. Generally speaking, this structure is known as the phospholipid bilayer. Membrane proteins and sugars are important structural elements of biological membranes, in addition to the many lipid types that are present in them.Small changes in membrane potential known as graded potentials can be either excitatory (which depolarizes the membrane) or inhibitory (hyperpolarize the membrane). It takes a lot of excitatory graded potentials to depolarize the cell body sufficiently to cause an action potential.Sodium channels open as the cell membrane becomes depolarized, causing an influx of sodium ions to further depolarize the membrane. This inward current produces the upstroke of the action potential.To learn more about membrane refer to:
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What are the phases of a stem cell? List them in order.
There are three phases of stem cells mitosis, gene expression, and differentiation.
What are stem cells?Stem cells that are totipotent or omnipotent. programmable stem cells. Multiple-potency stem cells, stem cells with oligopotency, the body's building blocks are stem cells, which are cells that give rise to all other cells with specific roles.
Daughter cells are created when stem cells divide properly in the body or a lab to create additional cells. Most stem cells are found in the bone marrow.
They divide at this stage to produce new blood cells, Once fully developed, blood cells leave the bone marrow and travel into circulation.
Therefore stem cells develop into different cells through differentiation.
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The cell type that is responsible for maintaining bone once it has been formed is the ______.
a. osteoclast
b. osteoblast
c. chondrocyte
d. osteocyte
e. chondroblast
Answer: Osteoblasts B is the correct answer
Explanation:
Osteoblasts are the bone cells that are primarily responsible for synthesizing bone matrix proteins and minerals during early bone formation in the embryo
what is the function of the radius?
-Science
Based on your knowledge of microbial genetics and microbial pathogenesis, where do you think the genetic information for endotoxins are located?.
The genetic information for endotoxins are located in the chromosomes.
Endotoxins are the type of toxins present inside the bacterial cell. They are also called pyrogens and they affect the immune system. The exact location of endotoxins is the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. The nature of endotoxins is lipopolysaccharide.
Chromosomes are the compact form of DNA. These are comprised of DNA and histone proteins that are bound together in a highly packed form. The genetic material is transmitted from parent to offspring in this compacted chromosomal form. Each chromosome has two sister chromatids that are joined together at the site called centromere.
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Mitosis can occur in both haploid and diploid cells, but meiosis cannot occur in haploid cells. Why not?.
Meiosis can not occur in haploid cell because the chromosome number gets halved in meiosis.
What is mitosis?Mitosis is a stage of the cell cycle during which replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei. Mitosis results in the formation of genetically identical cells with the same number of chromosomes. As a result, mitosis is also referred to as equational division.
Mitosis can occur in a haploid cell because the cell remains haploid at the end of mitosis. The haploid cell will have half the haploid number of chromosomes at the end of meiosis. Meiosis is a process that occurs in germline cells that produce gametes (sperm and eggs).
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The trend for women to delay childbirth until their late 20s or early 30s has ___________ while the peak years for female fertility are ____________.
The trend for women to delay childbirth until their late 20s or early 30s has continued while the peak years for female fertility are late adolescence and early adulthood.
Female fertility refers to a woman's ability to bear biological children. Female fertility is affected by age and is a major factor in female fertility. Fertility in women peaks between her late teens and late twenties, after which it gradually declines. Ovulation typically occurs 14 days before the start of the next menstrual period in a 28-day menstrual cycle.
The reproductive years of a woman are between her late teens and late twenties. Fertility (the ability to become pregnant) begins to decline around the age of 30. This decline accelerates once you reach your mid-30s. By the age of 45, fertility has declined to the point where most women will be unable to conceive naturally.
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Which environmental agency found itself under investigation after it
was discovered that it was making mutually beneficial agreements
with environmental polluters?
A-Environmental Protection Agency
B-U.S. Department of Agriculture
C-World Wildlife Fund
Environmental Protection Agency- found itself under investigation after it was discovered that it was making mutually beneficial agreements with environmental polluters.
What is Environmental Protection Agency?
President Richard Nixon issued an executive order in December 1970 creating the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The goal of this federal government organisation is to safeguard both human and environmental health. The EPA, which has its main office in Washington, D.C., is in charge of developing laws and standards that advance both public and environmental health.
Cosian bargaining theorem applies to EPA. The theorem states that polluter and victim can reach a mutually beneficial bargain if the damage from pollution is higher than the polluter’s net return from the sale of the good generating the pollutants.
Hence the correct option is A; Environmental Protection Agency
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The ph of the inner thylakoid space, the stroma, and the cytosol of a particular plant cell has been measured. Which, if any, relationship would you expect to find?.
The relation between the ph of the thykakoid and the stroma is that the ph of thylakoid is lower than that of the stroma.
The ph of the thylakoid membrane is 8 under normal circumstances, but during photosynthesis it became extremely acidic, like 4. During the light reaction of photosynthesis, the electron transport chain uses the energy supplied by excited electrons to pump H+ ions from the stroma to the lumen of the thylakoid membrane. Both the stroma and the thylakoid membranes contain H+ ions. This proves that the ph of lumen of the thykakoid membrane is lower than the stroma.
We are aware that lumen has a large concentration of H+ ions and that the pH will be lower the more H+ ions there are. While plants often maintain an acidic pH in the stroma to increase the concentration and potential difference of H+ ions for ATP synthesis.
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the major cation in extracellular fluid is
Answer:
Sodium is the major cation found in intracellular fluid.
Would the Energy-capturing backpack be a good solution for the rescue team? Why or why not?
The Energy-capturing backpack is a good solution for the rescue team.
What is an energy capturing backpack?The energy capturing backpack is made up of a weight attached to the top part of a pendulum, which swings back and forth as a person walks, and the weight adds momentum. And the bottom part of the pendulum connects to the energy harvesting module via the springs on either side of the device.
The entire system is housed in a frame that the user can wear like a traditional backpack. The energy harvesting backpack is approximately 5kg in weight. The main and very promising advantage of the new energy harvester is that the user does not need to do anything else to generate electricity, such as cranking a handle. Furthermore, the energy imposes no additional physical demands on the wearer beyond the weight of the device itself.
It should be noted that this is important for those who are involved in rescue activities as it gives them the needed energy and is lighter as well.
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Why is it called meiosis 1?
Meiosis refers to the initial nuclear division that takes place when gametes are formed.
What is meiosis?
In sexually reproducing organisms, meiosis is a type of cell division that results in a reduction in the number of chromosomes throughout gametes (the sex cells, or egg and sperm). Body (or somatic) cells in humans are diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes (one from each parent).
Each division has six stages, including prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis.
Meiosis is a type of cell division that results in the production of four gamete cells and a 50% reduction in the number of chromosomes inside the parent cell. To produce egg as well as sperm cells for sexual reproduction, this process is necessary.
Due to the fact that the resulting cells have half as many chromosomes as that of the parent cell, it is also referred to as the reduction division.
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Describe what happens in anaphase, include a picture of the process.
Anaphase is the third stage of Mitosis or cell division (karyokinesis). During this phase, the sister chromatids separate from each other and are pulled together opposite ends for the formation of daughter nuclei.
What is Anaphase?
During the cell cycle, the actual cell division takes places in the M-phase. This M-phase is called Mitotic or Meiotic phase. Cell division occurs in cell by two processes which are Mitosis and Meiosis.
Anaphase is the third phase of mitosis, during this process the separation of the duplicated genetic material is carried out in the nucleus of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells.
In anaphase stage, the sister chromatids separate out from each other and are pulled towards opposite ends of the parent cell. The protein which holds together the sister chromatids is broken down, this allows them to separate from each other. Each chromatid is now converted into chromosome. The chromosomes of each pair are pulled towards opposite ends of the cell to form the new duaghter cells.
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