the answer is A
Explanation:
is the only one that make sense
choose all characteristics of the transforming substance isolated by avery, macleod and mccarty.
Characteristics of the transforming substance isolated by avery, macleod and McCarty are
RNA-digesting enzymes did not affect its transforming ability. DNA-digesting enzymes destroyed its transforming ability. Protein-digesting enzymes did not affect its transforming ability. The elemental composition of the substance was very similar to that of DNA.Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty showed that DNA can transform the properties of cells, clarifying the chemical nature of genes.
Oswald Avery's showed that DNA that has transforming principle. When they are isolated from one strain of bacteria, DNA was able to transform another strain and confer characteristics onto that second strain. These are responsible for carrying hereditary information.
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At a pressure of 5. 0 atmospheres, a sample of gas occupies 40 liters. What volume will the same sample hold at 1. 0 atmosphere?.
At a pressure of 5. 0 atmospheres, a sample of gas occupies 40 liters, then the volume that the same sample will hold at 1. 0 atmosphere will be 200 liter.
What is Boyle's law?Boyle's law is an experimental gas law that explains the relationship between pressure and volume of a confined gas.
Using the formula for Boyle's law :
P1V1= P2V2
where,
P1 is initial pressure; P2 is final pressure; V1 is initial volume and V2 is the final volume.
Given P1 = 5 atm, V1= 40 l and P2 = 1atm
V2= P1V1/P2
= (5*40)/1
= 200 liter
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Which reaction releases enzymes such as hyaluronidase and acrosin that allow sperm to penetrate the corona radiata of the secondary oocyte?.
Fusion and acrosomal reaction, Spermatozoa must penetrate the zona pellucida and corona radiata in order to reach the ovum proper.
To do this, they release hydrolytic enzymes from the Spermatozoa . In order to fertilize a female egg cell, a sperm must first fuse with the plasma membrane and then enter the cell. While adhering to the egg cell typically poses few challenges, breaking through the egg's extracellular matrix or hard shell can be challenging. The acrosome reaction, which is the reaction that takes place in the sperm's acrosome as it approaches the egg, is a result of what sperm cells experience. The anterior half of the sperm's head is covered by the acrosome, which resembles a cap.
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Please helppp :(((
Describe how the global conveyor belt helps regulate the European climate.
The fourth and final phase of mitosis or meiosis during which a nuclear membrane forms around chromosomes on opposite sides of the cell and the chromosomes become unwound dna in a newly formed nucleus.
Answer:
The fourth and final phase of mitosis or meiosis is called telophase. During telophase, the nuclear membrane forms around the chromosomes on opposite sides of the cell, and the chromosomes become unwound DNA in newly formed nuclei.
In mitosis, telophase is the final phase of the cell cycle, during which the cell's genetic material is divided into two new daughter cells. In meiosis, telophase is the final phase of the meiotic cell division, during which the genetic material is divided into four new daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the original cell.
During telophase, the cell also begins to rearrange its cytoskeleton and reorganize its cytoplasm in preparation for cell division. This allows the two new daughter cells to separate and become independent organisms.
The telophase is the fourth and final phase of mitosis or meiosis, when a nuclear membrane forms around chromosomes on opposite sides of the cell and the chromosomes become unwound DNA in a newly formed nucleus.
What is the significance of the telophase?It is the final stage of cell division, in which the cell is about to divide into two different cells in mitosis, and there are four cells meiosis, and in telophase, the genetic contents are present at opposite poles and the DNA is decondensed. In all the phases of the cell cycle, the telophase is the last one where cytokinesis begins.
Hence, the telophase is the fourth and final phase of mitosis or meiosis, when a nuclear membrane forms around chromosomes on opposite sides of the cell and the chromosomes become unwound DNA in a newly formed nucleus.
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which of the following is associated with the adrenal medulla? a.) norepinephrine b.) mineralocorticoids c.) glucocorticoids d.) calcitonin and gastrin
The adrenal medulla is connected to norepinephrine, also known as noradrenaline, which functions as both a neurotransmitter as well as a hormone.
The correct answer is A
Mood changes brought on by norepinephrine?There is evidence that norepinephrine affects a person ’s thinking and focus. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, & hypotension are a few disorders that can result from low norepinephrine levels (very low blood pressure)
What takes place when the norepinephrine level is high?High levels of norepinephrine can also lead to headaches, high blood sugar, and insomnia. They also encourage anxiety, high blood pressure, heart rate, and organ stress. Drug withdrawal, long-term kidney disease, and psychological conditions like PTSD can also result in high norepinephrine levels.
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what are examples of types of chemical markers associated with dna that determines when, where and by how much genes are expressed in each cell?
The histone proteins and the epigenetic factors together determine when, where and by how much genes are expressed in each cell.
Histone proteins are present in the eukaryotic cells that perform dual functions. They help in keeping the DNA in compact form as well as they also regulate the loosening and tightening of the strands of DNA that regulates the genetic expression.
Epigenetic factors are the compounds that regulate the genetic expression by causing changes in the gene. These changes do not cause mutations and they are neither heritable. These are the temporary changes like methylation, alkylation, DNA remodeling, etc.
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the northern leopard frog, tree frog, and wood frog are all different species of frogs. why is having a scientific name for each species of an organism important for scientists?
Every recognized species on earth is given a two-part scientific name, which is called binomial nomenclature. They are important because they allow people in the world to communicate about animal species.
Why is scientific name for each species of an organism important for scientists?Scientific names are used to describe different species of organisms in a way that is universal so the scientists around the world can easily identify the same animal.
Use of scientific names eliminates the confusion among different nationalities that may have different common names for organisms by giving them universal name that acts as a code. Scientists from one nation can converse with scientists from another about different organisms with the help of scientific names.
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Are bears producers or consumers? Explain your reasoning.
Answer:
Bears play the role of consumer in a forest ecosystem.
Explanation:
Bears are omnivores, meaning they get their energy from both producers and other consumers.
Bears are another example of consumers. Black bears are omnivores and scavengers, like skunks and raccoons, which means that they will eat just about anything. In a forest community, black bears will eat blueberries, bugs, acorns, and many kinds of nuts.
The bear is a primary consumer as it directly feeds on plants, berries in this case. The bear, when eats rodents, becomes a secondary consumer. Rodents feed on grass, so is a primary consumer.
Bears play the role of consumer in a forest ecosystem.
What are consumers?Consumers are living things that must seek, gather, and consume their food. Customers must eat to refuel or they will perish. Omnivores, carnivores, herbivores, and decomposers are the four different categories of consumers.
Zooplankton, butterflies, rabbits, giraffes, pandas, and elephants are a few examples of primary consumers. Herbivores are the main consumers. Their primary food source is either plants or creatures at the first trophic level of the food chain. Autotrophs are another name for plants.
Primary consumer, mostly herbivores, exist at the next level, and secondary and tertiary consumers, omnivores and carnivores, follow. At the top of the system are the apex predators: animals who have no predators other than humans.
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Give an example of functional differences between cells belonging to two different parts of the human body.
Prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells are the two primary categories of cells.
Prokaryotes are always unicellular, but eukaryotes can have many cells. In addition to being 100 to 10,000 times larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells are also more complex.
Eukaryotic DNA is stored in the nucleus, whereas prokaryotic DNA is maintained in the cytoplasm.
The major contrast between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is the absence of a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles in bacterial cells. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are the building blocks of prokaryotes and eukaryotes, respectively. Prokaryotes are always unicellular, but eukaryotes can have many cells. In addition to being 100 to 10,000 times larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells are also more complex.
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which white blood cells have insatiable appetites for foreign cells, diseased and run-down red blood cells, and other biological debris?
White blood cells called macrophages have an insatiable appetite for foreign cells, sick and deteriorated red blood cells and other biological waste.
Macrophages are found in various tissues throughout the body and play a role in both health and disease. It has recently become clear that the majority of adult tissue macrophages don't come from circulating monocytes but rather develop during embryonic development.
A type of white blood cell called a macrophage is crucial to the functioning of the human immune system. They perform a number of tasks, such as engulfing and digesting microorganisms, removing waste products and dead cells, and activating other immune-system cells.
Thus, it may be said that the white blood cells known as macrophages have an insatiable taste for foreign cells, sick and deteriorated red blood cells and other biological waste.
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Your question is incomplete. Please find the complete question below.
Which white blood cells have insatiable appetites for foreign cells, diseased and run-down red blood cells, and other biological debris?
a. B cells
b. antigens
c. T cells
d. macrophages
the enzymes that catalyze cellular reactions are macromolecules made of organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. these types of macromolecules are known as –
The enzymes that catalyze cellular reactions are macromolecules called proteins.
What are proteins?Proteins are substantial, intricate molecules that are essential to numerous bodily processes. They perform the majority of their work within cells and are necessary for the development, maintenance, and control of the body's tissues and organs.
Polymers of amino acids make up proteins. The core carbon of each amino acid is joined to a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group, an amino group, and a variable R group. The R group identifies the subcategory of amino acids that an amino acid falls under, including electrically charged hydrophilic side chains, polar but uncharged side chains, nonpolar hydrophobic side chains, and exceptional situations.
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Experiments with genetically altered mice showed that the mice would consume abnormally high amounts of bitter-tasting compounds in water after their _____.
The expression of bitter taste receptors in sweet taste cells suggests that taste perception is solely dependent on which taste cell is triggered.
The "sweet" taste buds are located at the tip of the tongue, whereas the "bitter" taste buds are found towards the back. Salt taste receptors are located on either side of the front tongue, while sour taste buds are located behind this. Glial-like type 1 taste bud cells are hypothesised to transmit salty flavour. The sweet, umami, and bitter tastes are thought to be mediated by type 2 taste bud cells, which also contain GPCR receptors.
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there are 64 possible arrangements of the 4 letter code (rna) into 3 letter codons, but only 20 (usually) amino acids. why is this?
Codons are three letter genetic words: and the language of genes use 4 letters (=nitrogenous bases). Hence 64 words are there in genetic dictionary, to represent 20 amino acids that the biological organisms use.
And you must note that more than one codon may code for the same amino acid. This is referred to as degeneracy of the code. For example, three amino acids are coded by any of six different codons, and that alone uses up 18 of the 64 combinations. Three of the codons are stop codons. They do not code for any amino acid. Instead, they act as signals to end the genetic message carried by messenger RNA.
A stop codon is a trinucleotide sequence of three nucleotides found in messenger RNA (mRNA) or DNA that instructs the cell to stop production of proteins. There are 64 distinct trinucleotide codons, of which 3 are stop codons and 61 define amino acids (i.e., UAA, UAG and UGA). A stop codon (or termination codon) is a codon (nucleotide triplet within messenger RNA) that marks the end of the current protein's translation process in molecular biology, more specifically in protein biosynthesis.
The number of amino acids coded by codons is
1 codons ×2 amino acids = 2 codons
2 codons ×9 amino acids = 18 codons
3 codons ×1 amino acid = 3 codons
4 codons ×5 amino acids = 20 codons
6 codons ×3 amino acids = 18 codons
3 stop codons
Total = 64 codons
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passive transport is the movement of molecules across the cell membrane without requiring an input of cellular energy. identify which of these options are examples of passive transport.
A. True
B. False
Passive transport is the movement of molecules across the cell membrane without the need for the input of cellular energy. This statement is true.
What is difference between Plasma Membrane and Passive Transport?Plasma membranes allow special substances to enter and exit the cell, preventing harmful material from entering and essential material from leaving. Plasma membranes are selectively permeable allowing some substances through while restricting others. If they give up this selectivity, the cell will be unable to fortify itself, and will be wiped out.
Most direct forms of membrane transport are passive. Passive transport is a naturally occurring phenomenon and does not require the cell to expend energy in order to carry out the movement.
Passive transport relies on the second law of thermodynamics instead of using cellular energy such as active transport which drive the movement of substances across cell membranes.
Thus, Passive transport is the movement of molecules across the cell membrane without the need for the input of cellular energy. This statement is true.
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which surgical procedure involves flattening the anterior curvature of the cornea by removing a stromal lamella layer?
Microkeratome-assisted lamellar keratoplasty (MALK) is a surgical procedure which involves flattening the anterior curvature of the cornea by removing a stromal lamella layer
Anterior lamellar keratoplasty with microkeratome assistance has become a surgical option for disorders compromising the clarity of the cornea's outer 200 microns. Here, we outline the results of a straightforward approach in which the excimer laser can be added to deep tissue removal after the donor graft and recipient bed have both been prepared with a microkeratome.
LASIK eye surgery is the best known and most commonly performed laser refractive surgery to correct vision problems. Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) can be an alternative to glasses or contact lenses
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Imagine a transmembrane molecule that lies in the plasma membrane and acts as a receptor for an extracellular signaling molecule. When the ligand-binding domain is inserted into the er during synthesis of this transmembrane molecule, will it lie on the lumen side of the er or the cytoplasm side?.
The ligand-binding domain will lie within the lumen of the ER, passing through the Golgi apparatus in the same orientation. Imagine a transmembrane molecule found in the plasma membrane.
Receptor for an extracellular signaling molecule. When most types of membrane proteins bind to the ligand they insert via a cotranslational pathway, although some use a posttranslational pathway. proteins cannot be released in this way. These proteins are called integral membrane proteins. If too many hydrophobic regions are exposed and the protein cannot fold correctly, the mannose residues are removed and the protein is directed back to the cytosol via a ubiquitin ligase complex in the ER membrane.
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Tsunamis are...
Wind currents
a long, high-water wave caused by a disturbance on the floor of the ocean or
large lake
the tides pulling on the water
an excess of rain
Answer:
B
Explanation:
because I know
Answer:
Option B.
Explanation:
Why?
A is incorrect
Large tsunami tides are not made by ocean currents. The wind has little to no effect in a tsunami. Like making waves in a pool of water, there is a required disturbance that causes the water to move.
C is incorrect.
It has to do with disturbances but its not quite the response were looking for.
D is incorrect.
Option D is describing a flood. in large bodies of water like a big lake or pond, you'll find that to be the case.
Tsunamis are created by a disturbance in the ocean floor. Much like earthquakes, the ocean experiences new plate formation and movement.
Word Bank
protein molecule: structure
trait: variation
Why do these sisters have different traits? Use the above words in your response, describing what would determine these traits at the molecular scale.
Differences at the molecular level or in the genes will result in variations in the proteins for which the genes code, resulting in trait variation.
Why these sisters have different traits?Each child inherits two copies or variants of each gene, one from their mother and one from their father. Because each offspring might inherit a unique mix of gene versions, siblings can exhibit features that differ from one another and from their parents. The right girl has straight hair, whereas the left girl has curlier hair. A gene encodes a particular protein that is involved in the expression of a characteristic. Because proteins perform much of the chemical activity inside the cell, they primarily decide the qualities and whose they are. Another thing to keep in mind is that genes are made up of molecules. Like a spiral staircase, thin threads curled around each other.
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Experiments with genetically altered mice showed that the mice would consume abnormally high amounts of bitter-tasting compounds in water after their _____.
Answer:
sweet-taste cells were altered to express receptors for bitter tastants, suggesting that the sensation of taste depends only on which taste cell is stimulated
Explanation:
there are 2472 parent cells. each has 10 chromosomes. After meiosis, how many chromosomes does each daughter cell have?
Answer:
23 chromosomes
After meiosis II, when each parent cell gets divided into two gametes each gamete cell contains 23 chromosomes. In this phase, each gamete remains haploid in nature. At the end of meiosis II, each cell will have the half number of the actual chromosome i.e. 23 chromosomes.
Explanation:
A cell with 10 chromosomes undergoes mitosis. The number of chromosomes that each of the new cells will have is c. 10 chromosomes each. Mitotic division results in two daughter cells with an identical chromosomal number and genetic content to the parental cell. Each daughter cell will have four chromosomes at the end of meiosis. The phase represented in the diagram is of Metaphase II of Meiosis II, during Anaphase II, sister chromatids are moved to opposite poles, with each pole/then the cell will have 4 chromatids/chromosomes. Was this answer helpful?
According to the model shown here for two nucleic acids, which component(s) of the molecules is/are responsible for the expression of genetic traits?
The arrangement of DNA's base pairs is one of the molecules' constituents that determines how genetic features are expressed.
What are nucleic acids?The linear polymers known as nucleic acids are made up of nucleotides linked at their extremities.
A sugar molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenated base make up the monomers known as nucleotides.
Bases with Nitrogen:
Adenine pairs with thymine or uracil depending on the molecule, while guanine pairs with cytosine. Adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine are the bases for DNA and RNA, respectively.
The genetic data required for the entire organism is included in the DNA molecule's base sequence.
During transcription, RNA molecules make copies of these sequences' pieces and transport them to the cytoplasm, where translations and protein synthesis take place.
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mendel's early experiments challenged the central premise upon which previous ideas about inheritance had rested. this was the premise that
only characteristics exhibited by parents can be inherited by kids.
Through genetic inheritance, traits are transmitted from one parent to the next. Both the mother and the father can pass on some traits. Others depend on the characteristics that stand out the most in both parents, whether they are dominant characteristics, and whether these run in the family. Through their genes, parents transmit features or qualities to their offspring, including such eye colour & blood type. There are several illnesses and medical disorders that can be genetically handed down. One trait can occasionally take in numerous versions. Blood type, for instance, can indeed be A, B, AB, or O. Even if your parents don't have the same chromosome, it can still be passed on to you once the chromosome join.
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when different species evolve a similar, or even the same, solution to life in similar environments and evolve their solution even though they did not have a recent common ancestor with that solution it is called .
When different species evolve a similar, or even the same, solution to life in similar environments and evolve their solution even though they did not have a recent common ancestor with that solution it is called convergent evolution.
When a group within a species separates from other members of its species and develops its own distinct characteristics, this is referred to as speciation. Convergent evolution refers to the independent evolution of similar characteristics in species from different time periods or epochs. Convergent evolution produces analogous structures that have similar form or function but weren't present in those groups' last common ancestor. Homoplasy is the cladistic term for the identical phenomenon.
Flight is a classic example of recurrent evolution, as flying insects, birds, pterosaurs, but also bats have all independently evolved the useful ability to fly. Analogous features are functionally similar features that have evolved through convergent evolution, whereas homologous structures as well as traits have a common origin but may perform dissimilar functions.
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1. Using the DNA Strand provided in the directions: A-T-C-G-T-A-G-A-C-G-C-T-T-A-T-G-A-C Give the corresponding base pairing to this strand. HINT: What base pairs with A? What base pairs with G?
Template and coding strands compose the DNA molecule. Their nucleotidic bases pair with each other. The corresponding base pairing to the provided strand is T-A-G-C-A-T-C-T-G-C-G-A-A-T-A-C-T-G.
What are DNA strands?The DNA molecule is composed of two coiled strands. One of them is the template strand, and the other one is the coding one. Both of them are complementary, meaning their bases pair.
The coding strand goes in the direction 5' to 3' and is the one that determines the amino acid sequence in proteins.
The complementary strand -template strand- grows in the direction of 3' to 5'. This is the one that is going to be complemented by the mRNA.
In the exposed example we have one of the DNA strands, and we need to complement it with another strand. Their bases must pair.
Adenine pairs with thymineGuanine pairs with cytosineDNA Strand A-T-C-G-T-A-G-A-C-G-C-T-T-A-T-G-A-C
Complementary strand T-A-G-C-A-T-C-T-G-C-G-A-A-T-A-C-T-G
The corresponding base pairing to this strand is T-A-G-C-A-T-C-T-G-C-G-A-A-T-A-C-T-G.
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given what you know about asexual and sexual reproduction, in three to five sentences, describe both types of reproduction:
Asexual reproduction only involves one organism, sexual reproduction requires both a male and a female organism.
What is Reproduction?Reproduction is the biological process by which new individual organisms called “offspring” are produced from already existing individuals known as “parents”.
Types of ReproductionAsexual reproduction - Asexual reproduction refers to the type of reproduction in which only a single organism gives rise to a new individual. It involves processes such as binary fission, budding, fragmentation, etc. The organisms that take part in asexual reproduction have no reproductive systems and therefore is no formation of male and female gametes.
Sexual reproduction - Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes in a process known as fertilization. Fertilization can be either external or internal. Sexual reproduction in plants takes place through pollination in which the pollen grains from the anther of a male flower transfer to the stigma of the female flower.
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100 points and will mark brainliest
Answer:
offspring are identical to the parents
extremely efficient
describe the abiotic factors that can limit the growth of a population
Abiotic factors: These are the non-living factors whose imbalance will limit the population's growth, such as water scarcity, air pollution, changing the temperature to adverse levels, harsh climate, and limited space.
Which of these elements was not found by Curie to be radioactive?
A
radium
B
uranium
C
polonium
D
scandium
Answer: D
Explanation: I do lots of research on her shes awsome she found out radium, uranium, and polonium were in fact radioactive
Many desert plants use allelopathy to
minimize competition and to keep other
organisms away. What type of dispersal
pattern does this cause among the
plants?
A. Hidden
B. Huddled
C. Uniform
D. Negligible
Answer:
A. hidden
Explanation:
Many desert plants use allelopathy to minimize competition and to keep other organisms away. This causes a hidden dispersal pattern among the plants, in which they are spaced out and not evenly distributed. Allelopathy is the production of chemical compounds by plants that are toxic or inhibitory to other organisms. These compounds can be released into the soil, where they can affect the growth and survival of other plants. By using allelopathy, desert plants can reduce competition for resources and increase their chances of survival in the harsh desert environment.