indicate structural adaptations of Mitochondria for its function
Mitochondria(Mt) are the cell's "power stations" because the energy currency for the metabolic processes in the cell is synthesised inside this organelle via aerobic respiration. This process is known as oxidative phosphorylation. Mt is a double membraned, semi-autonomous organelle.
The mitochondrion's structure is specially tailored to the function it performs:
The outer membrane contains carrier proteins that allow pyruvate produced during glycolysis to be transported from the cytoplasm.The electron transport chain(a series of protein complexes) and ATP synthase are located in the inner membrane to transfer electrons and ATP production respectively.The inner membrane is folded into numerous pockets called cristae, which raises the surface area: volume ratio.When proton accumulation occurs, the small intermembrane space between two membranes increases the hydrogen gradient.Matrix is the core chamber containing the necessary enzymes and pH for the Krebs cycle(oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from pyruvate) to take place.To learn more, refer:
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Explain how a species can evolve through natural selection. What is natural selection in your own words?
Answer:
Natural selection is process that allow organism that has suitable attributes with its environment, to thrive (grow in population), to survive, and to pass its genetic information to the next generation (children, grand children).
Explanation:
For example: in an island, a male giraffe, and a female giraffe produce giraffe children with various attributes. Some giraffe children have short neck, and some have long neck.
Giraffe eats the leaves of Acacia tree, and Mimosa tree. Many acacia tree and tall mimosa tree in that island, are tall trees, so a giraffe that has long neck can reach that tall tree, eat the leaves, survive, and grow to adult stage.
A giraffe that has short neck, can only eat small quantity of leaves, then it suffers, can not grow, becomes skinny, and unable to compete with other giraffe finding its mate. It can't pass its genetic information to the next generation, and becomes extinct.
That's how natural selection, in above case, an island with a lot of tall acacia trees and mimosa trees selects giraffe with long neck to survive.
The next interesting follow up question would be how a male giraffe and a female giraffe produce various kind of giraffe children? The answer is a pair of chromosome become a single chromosome in giraffe sperm, and in a giraffe eggs. But that question and its answer are beyond the scope of the original question.
2. Which choice is an example of pollution?
O bacteria in soil
Osolid wastes on land
Ooxygen in the atmosphere
Ofish in rivers
Answer: Number 2, aka Solid wastes on land.
Explanation: Bacteria in soil is a natural thing, so it's not polluting the earth. Oxygen in the atmosphere is letting us live, meaning it's not polluting the earth. Fish in rivers is also another natural thing, leaving us with solid wastes on land.
Which is a function of the cell membrane?
Performs photosynthesis
Controls what enters and leaves the cell
Produces proteins
Provides energy to the cell
Answer: I believe it is B.
Explanation:
The cell membrane protects the cell's interior, provides support and maintains the cell's shape. It also controls what enters and leaves the cell. I hope this helps!! :)
The cell membrane separates the intracellular space from the extracellular space. It controls what enters and leaves the cell. The correct answer is option B.
The term "plasma membrane" also refers to the cell membrane. It is the cell's outermost layer in animals. It is a membrane made of lipids and proteins that is semi-permeable. Between the outside environment and living systems, there is a plasma membrane. The plasma membrane regulates the movement of solutes and solvents between the cell and its surroundings. A plasma membrane's permeability properties include semi-permeability, impermeability, permeability, and selective permeability.
Therefore, the main function of the cell membrane is to control the entry and exit of materials in the cell. The correct answer is option B.
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why do all kids come out white
Answer:
To be honest, I'm not sure anyone would know the answer to that,
Explanation:
What could be the second link in a food chain: like
Answer:
prey is the second component in a food chain
Explanation:
which of the following pairs a land cover wioth its most appropriate use
Rangeland → Pastureland pairs a land cover with its most appropriate use.
What is a Rangeland?This is the type of land which is dominated by grasses and shrubs eaten and used as grazing sites by animals etc.
Pastureland also has the same characteristics and uses which is why the pair is the most appropriate choice.
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The graph below shows the effect of substrate concentration on the action of enzyme X. This enzyme is functioning at its optimal temperature, 36°C, and at its optimal pH, 5.5. image When the substrate concentration increases from 0.4% to 0.5%, the rate of the reaction-
No change occur in the rate of reaction if small amount of substrate is added.
How much the rate of reaction increase?When the substrate concentration increases from 0.4% to 0.5%, the rate of the reaction remains the same because very small amount of substrate is added.
So we can conclude that no change occur in the rate of reaction if small amount of substrate is added.
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If a modest amount of substrate is introduced, the reaction's rate will somewhat increase.
What is the increase in reaction rate?The rate of the reaction also marginally increases as the substrate concentration rises from 0.4 percent to 0.5 percent because of the very little increase in substrate concentration.
Enzymes are substances that operate as catalysts in living things, controlling the pace at which chemical processes take place without changing the substance itself.
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On a piece of paper, or using the pointer draw in word, draw 6-10 water molecules in the arrangement they would take when water frozen into ice.
Is frozen water more or less dense than liquid water? How do you know (what about your model supports this)?
Why does frozen water take on the pattern it does (hint: it has to do with water’s polarity)?
Plants must get water from their roots to their highest branches. Explain how cohesion and adhesion might help a plant get water from the ground to its upper leaves.
Support your answer with a model
Frozen water is less denser than liquid water so that's why ice floats on the water in cold areas.
Is frozen water more or less dense than liquid water?Ice is less dense than liquid water because when the water becomes solid due to low temperature, the density of ice become decreases. Due to less density, the ice floats on the water surface.
Water is attracted due to its polar nature so adhesive forces pull the water toward other molecules. Water is transported in plants through both cohesive and adhesive forces. These forces pull water and the dissolved minerals from the roots to the upper parts of the plant.
So we can conclude that frozen water is less denser than liquid water so that's why ice floats on the water in cold areas.
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What is the largest species of sea turtle in the world?.
Answer:
The leatherback is the largest living sea turtle.
Explanation:
The Leatherback is the largest sea turtle existing today, which can reach up to 2000 pounds in weight and 8 feet in size. These turtles belong to a reptilian family that has been around for more than 100 million years.
what is an example of poaching?
Answer:
poaching of elephants for ivory and tigers for their skin and bones.
Explanation:
What happens to the force applied by the person pushing the crate (Fapplied) as the frictional force increases? What can they do to change this force
The force applied by the person pushing the crate is not enough as the frictional force increases because more friction causes slowing of moving object.
What is friction?Friction is defined as the force resisting the relative motion of an object when moving on the surface of another object. This force slow down the speed of a moving object.
So we can conclude that the force applied by the person pushing the crate is not enough as the frictional force increases because more friction causes slowing of moving object.
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State whether True or False -
b) The penguins spend their life in complete life in oceans.
Answer
False
Explanation:
Penguins are birds of the ocean, spending up to 75 percent
yes we statement is true
Rank the terms describing genetic material in descending order, from largest to smallest.
The sequence of the terms describing genetic material in descending order, from largest to smallest is:
Genome > Homologous pair of chromosomes > A single DNA molecule > a gene for hair color.
What is Genetic material?The genetic material of an organism may be defined as a molecule that stores the genetic information associated with the organism and passes it from one generation to the next.
The genome comprises all the genes in an organism. Such genes are located or found on the chromosomes that long DNA molecules associated with proteins. A gene is any stretch that is found on a DNA molecule that carries several different deviations.
Therefore, it is well described above.
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A species of fish evolved over thousands of years to have gills that allowed the fish to swim deep in the sea. What’s the effect of this development on deep-water resources?
The fish developed the gills because of ____. Because the fish are now able to swim in deep water, their ____ in shallower water will have less food. Likewise, competition for food among deep-water fish that eat the same types of food will ____.
Answer:
genetic modification competitors increase
Explanation:
The fish developed the gills because of genetic modification. Because the fish are now able to swim in deep water, their competitors in shallower water will have less food. Likewise, competition for food among deep-water fish that eat the same types of food will increase.
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7
Building Stamina
Directions (1-18): Each question is followed by four choices. Decide which
choice is the best answer. Circle the letter of the answer you have chosen.
3 Water from a recent rainstorm
has been soaked down into
1 You see clouds that look like
pieces of fluffy white cotton.
What kind of weather can
you expect?
the grass and soil. This water
is now considered to be
A runoff
B groundwater
C precipitation
D evaporated
A rain
B fog
C sun
D snow
4 Which of the following is not
an extreme natural event?
A earthquake
B hurricane
0C snowfall
a
2 During a hard rain, a farmer's
field may become flooded
because the extra rainwater
cannot soak in. This water
is called
D tornado
A runoff
5 Weather can be described and
measured by
B groundwater
C evaporation
D precipitation
A
temperature
B wind speed and direction
C kind of precipitation
and clouds
D all of the above
Answer:
1. A rain
you can expect light showers of rain from fluffy white clouds.
2. A runoff
surface runoff happens when a water source can no longer sufficiently rapidly i infiltrate the soil.
3. D evaporated
the water has now, over time, evaporated.
4. C snowfall
snowfall is a common weather event, not extreme.
5. D all of the above
weather can be described and measured in numerous ways, including more than the few listed
Please help with this open-ended question (100 points)
Climate change and water scarcity are very interconnected and an increasing worry for many world leaders. Create a three-paragraph proposal of three changes/laws you would make in order to combat three issues. Explain how each change will help save water and reduce our planet's increasing temperature.
(dont answer if you dont know)
Not washing sidewalks, taking quick showers and consuming local products are changes that will help to save water and reduce the increase in the temperature of our planet.
How to save water and protect the planet?Not washing the sidewalks, there is a lot of water loss when people wash the sidewalks, looking for other ways to clean the neighborhood is necessary.
Taking baths efficiently, not spending much time in the shower, water will be saved, and new measures to anthropize rivers will not be necessary.
Consume locally produced products, avoiding gas emissions with transport, thus preventing a large amount of fuel from being burned.
With this information, we can conclude that not washing sidewalks, taking quick showers and consuming local products are changes that will help to save water and reduce the increase in the temperature of our planet.
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whst is the biological importance of cellular respiration
I need help with this question (open-ended question) 50 points (NO BOTS!!!)
Choose TWO locations below (A, B, C) and provide a two-sentence weather forecast for that location. Your forecast must include Wind direction, general wind speed (high, moderate, low) general temperatures (cold, cool, mild, warm, hot), and sky conditions(precipitation/stormy, sunny cloudy).
Climatic maps use isobars to read the barometric pressure and to determine climatic patterns in different areas. Points B and C are described below.
How to interpret a weather map?
Meteorology is determined mainly by barometric pressure, which is the pressure exerted by atmospheric air on the Earth's surface. It is measured in millibars, Mb.
Barometric pressure systems are closely associated with weather patterns, which is why it is used to create climatic maps.
⇒ Pressure:
An average pressure system at sea level ⇒ 1013 Mb.A high-pressure system ⇒ air descends ⇒ Good weather and few clouds ⇒ 1030 Mb.A low-pressure system ⇒ air ascends ⇒ Hot ascending air condense and forms clouds. Bad weather, storm probabilities ⇒ 1000 Mb.⇒ Isobars:
Used to read barometric pressures in climatic mapsThese are curve lines that indicate the areas with the same barometric pressures.They are arranged in concentric figures, one inside the other one. The smallest one indicates the pressure center.- High-pressure center is indicated with an H
- Low-pressure center is indicated with an L
Isobars are significant when determining wind speed and direction.
⇒ Wind direction:
In High-pressure center is indicated with clockwise arrows in the northern hemisphere
In Low-pressure center is indicated with counterclockwise arrows in the northern hemisphere
Winds tend to move from high pressure areas to low pressure areas.
⇒ Wind speed:
The closer isobars are between each other, the stronger and faster the wind is.
⇒ Front types:
Cold front ⇒ represented by blue lines with blue triangles pointing in the direction of the front movement. When a cold front passes by, there are high probabilities of strong winds and severe precipitations. Hot front ⇒ represented by red lines with red semi-circles pointing in the direction of the front movement. There is an increase in temperature as the front approximates. There might be precipitations. Occluded front ⇒ represented by purple lines with red semi-circles and blue triangles pointing in the direction of the front movement. It forms when a cold front overtakes a warm front. There might be storms.
Point C
Near a Low Pressure system Isobars: close to each otherMass of light, warm and wet air. Since the air is light, it tends to ascend, creating clouds and rains.Air pressure: low -around 1000 Mb-Weather conditions: cloudy, rainy, stormy.Wind direction: counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere.Wind speed: high to moderateTemperature: warm or hotA hot front is approximatingPoint B
Probably near a High Pressure system Isobars: separated from each otherMass of dense, cold/cool and dry air. Since the air is dense it tends to descend.Air pressure: high - around 1030 Mb-Weather conditions: clear, cloudlessWind direction: clockwise in the northern hemisphere.Wind speed: moderate to lowTemperature: cold or coolA cold front has passedYou can learn more about weather maps at
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Topic Test
Topic Review Activity
Active
8
Which of the following is not a component of soil?
a. organic material
b. minerals
C. gases
d. none of the above
at the bort answer from the choices provided
2
3
Answer:
D. None of the above
Explanation:
Soil contains rocks (minerals), leaves, decomposed material (organic material, as well as water and air (gas).
Following the Industrial Revolution, there was a dramatic change in the coloring of moths near the town of Manchester, England,
in the 1850s. There were many factories in Manchester that released dark soot and pollution into the air and forests nearby. In
the 1950s, the government put air quality control measures into place. The graph shows the percent of each color variation of
peppered moths over time.
Peppered Moth Population
of Manchester
Light
moth
100%
80%
60%
40%
Dark
moth
Dark moth
Light moth
20%
0%
1850
1950
2000
1900
Year
Which statement best describes why the frequencies of dark and light peppered moths changed?
A. Pollution from the factories resulted in the widespread death of both light-colored and dark-colored moths.
B. Soot from the factories darkened trees, making dark moths harder to see and less vulnerable to predation.
C. Emissions from the factories made the sky dark, so the moths changed color to be better hidden during flight.
D. Greenhouse gases from the factories made the surrounding areas warmer, favoring light moths that reflect heat more easily.
Percent of
Population
during starvation, the bodys first priority is to
During starvation, the body's first priority is to supply enough glucose for the brain.
Definition of starvation response
A set of adaptive changes namely biochemical and physiological aspects, triggered by scarcity of food, during which body attempts to save energy by decreasing the quantity of calories it burns is termed as starvation response.
When the body is deficit of nourishment for a prolonged period of time, it goes into survival mode.
In humans
Brain, being the most energy-demanding organ uses 50% of all glucose in the body.During extended starvation, all remaining glucose is made available for the brain.Glucose utilization also decreases resulting in consumption of ketone bodies as major fuel.The second priority is to conserve amino acids for protein synthesis.When the starvation period is way more exceeded, the body uses protein in the muscle as the source of energy resulting in muscle mass loss.Learn more about starvation response, refer:
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Answer:
preserve glucose-dependent tissue.
Explanation:
Why do individuals of the same species have different characteristics
because they carry different mutations.
I will legit give you a kiss if someone answers this
Choose an element and explain how it is created and in what stage of the star it is made in.
example: Helium is formed by nuclear fusion in a main sequence star.
1/2 point - name of the element
1/2 point - process to make element
1/2 point - what stage of the star.
1/2 point - complete sentence
Answer:
Stars are made of very hot gas. This gas is mostly hydrogen and helium, which are the two lightest elements.
Explanation:
So, Hydrogen is formed during the nuclear fusion process of a main sequence star.
Choose the words that correctly fill in the blanks: Charles Darwin is known as the "Father of Evolution" because he proposed the idea of _________ by way of _____________.
A.Evolution, adaptive fitness
B.Evolution, natural selection
C.Fitness, natural selection
Answer:
B.Evolution, natural selection
Explanation:
Charles Darwin is known as the "Father of Evolution" because he proposed the idea of evolution by way of natural selection.
C.Fitness, natural selection
He was the first to talk about the selection of the species . He started that a reproductive fit species witll produce more offspring so that species have more chance of survival.
Name the living arrangement of Gleocapsa?
Straight horns is dominant to curled horns. what are the possible genotypes for straight horns
1.HH,hh
2.hh,hh
3.HH,HH
4.HH,Hh
Answer:
4 // HH Hh
Explanation:
homozygous recessive (hh) cant show straight horns, plus 2 and 3 only list one genotype twice.
heterozygous will show straight horns, as will homozygous dominant
How does adaptation affect the diversity of a species?
Answer:
Explanation:
When an organism specie develops special adaptation over a period of time usually more than a year, it is to help the organism to withstand the unfavorable conditions in its ecosystem, it could also help to enable better survival for the given species.
It could also help to enable better reproduction and overtime it could lead to evolution of a specie.
This food web describes feeding relationships in a tropical community.
boa constrictor
beetle
7
coati
7
poison dart frog
sloth
strangler fig
~ fungus
• fruit bat
If an invasive species of beetle enters this community, which change is most
likely to happen?
O A. An increase in the stability of the overall ecosystem
O B. A decline in the native species of beetle
O C. An increase in biodiversity throughout the community
© D. A decline in competition for strangler figs as a food source
This food web (attached image) describes feeding relationships in a tropical community.
If an invasive species of beetle enters this community, which change is most likely to happen?
A. An increase in the stability of the overall ecosystem
B. A decline in the native species of beetle
C. An increase in biodiversity throughout the community
D. A decline in competition for strangler figs as a food sourc
Invasive species compete for resources with native species affecting the stability of trophic webs. The correct option is B) A decline in the native species of beetle.
What is a trophic web?
The trophic web is a relationship process between different organisms, through which occurs transference of energy. The ones placed at lower levels pass energy to the ones at the higher levels.
As it is a web, all organisms are equilibrated until a change occurs. When the change affects any of the involved links, there can be a cascade effect on the web.
A change in a link population size (increasing or decreasing) will affect the superior links and the immediately anterior link.
Also, when two or more species are competing for the same source of food, a change in any of the population sizes will affect the other ones.
What are the effects of invasive species?
The introduction of invasive species has ecological, economic, and socio-cultural consequences.
Once an invasive species has been established, it overgrows.
In the new areas, these species have less environmental pressure and better conditions than in their origin area -fewer predators, more resources, and better nitches-. These factors favor their establishment because they are adapted to surviving under harder conditions.
They interact with native species by competing for resources such -as water, place, radiation, exposure, shelter, food, etcetera-.
They can also become significant predators of native species, consuming a wide diversity of prey items, and in many cases, there are no native species that may prey on them.
They provoke significant damage to the structure of native ecosystems, causing severe damage to endemic species. They produce ecological imbalances in the trophic chains and the dynamics of communities. Invasive species are uncontrollable.
As they expand, they can also affect human in an economic manner and has socio-cultural effects.
In the exposed trophic web,
native beetle feed on strangler fig. coati, bat, and fungi also get energy from strangler fig.coati, poison frogs, and fungi feed on beetles.When an invasive species enters and stablishes in a stable community, it alters the whole dynamic.
One of the pricipal characteristics of invasive species is that they compete with native species for resources. One of these resources is food.
Invasive beetles will compete with native beetles for strangler fig. Due to the characteristics of invasive species as strong competitors, native beetles population will decline. Coati and fruit bat will also be affected by the introduction of this new invasive species, because they will also compete for food. Bats only feed on figs, so its population will also decline. Coati will also be affected, but probably less because it might feed on invasive beetles.The whole community structure will be affected after the introduction of this new species.
Options,
A. An increase in the stability of the overall ecosystem
No, the stability of the ecosystem will decrease
B. A decline in the native species of beetle
Yes, native species compete for food and other resources with the invasive beetle species. As invasive species are good competitors, native beetle will be affected and its population will decline.
C. An increase in biodiversity throughout the community
No, because the introduction of invasive species causes a reduction in biodiversity.
D. A decline in competition for strangler figs as a food source
No, because many species feed on figs, including the invasive species, which will affect all the other ones.
The correct option is B. A decline in the native species of beetle.
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How does recycling contribute to sustainability? A. It allows the resource to be reused indefinitely B. It reduces consumer demand for the resource C. It ensures that resources will be replenished naturally D. It increases the efficiency of manufacturing plants
The contribution to the sustainability of recycling is by ensuring that resources will be replenished naturally, i.e., option C is correct.
What is recycling?The gathering and handling of items that might otherwise be discarded as waste in order to create new goods is referred to as recycling. Recycling may help the community and even the environment.
Recycling that reduces waste and pollution that can be toxic and can have immediate benefits for human health.
Recycling conserves natural resources, safeguards natural habitats, and enhances biological diversity, all of which contribute to the biosphere's long-term viability.
The contribution to the sustainability of recycling is by ensuring that resources will be replenished naturally.
Thus, the correct option is C.
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