Enzyme-catalyzed reactions happen in two steps.
1. Enzyme molecules and substrate molecules collide.
2. The formed enzyme-substrate molecule will catalyze and form a product and enzyme
In step one, the enzyme molecule (E) and substrate molecule(s) will collide, and they react, forming the intermediate compound, which is called "the enzyme-substrate" (E-S) complex. (The step is reversible since the complex breaks apart into the original substrate(s) and free enzyme).
In step two, after E-S complex forms, the enzyme will catalyze forming a product (P) and later be released from the enzyme's surface.
S + E → E–S
E–S → P + E
Hydrogen bonding and other electrostatic interactions will hold the substrate and enzyme together in a complex. The functional groups or structural features in the enzyme that participate in the interactions will be located in the pocket or cleft on the enzyme's surface. The pocket where enzymes combine with a substrate and transform it into a product is called the enzyme's active site. It has a unique conformation, complementary to the substrate structure, for the substrate and enzyme molecules to fit together similarly as the key in tumbler locks.
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What type of reaction is melting?
Ice melting is an example of an endothermic reaction because it absorbs heat.
Is melting an occurrence?When ice melts spontaneously, there is a physical shift. But if you employ a reactant, like salt, to hasten the process, it becomes a chemical reaction. While exothermic reactions emit heat, endothermic reactions absorb it. A example endothermic process is ice melting.
Why does melting not involve a chemical process?Since there is no chemical change occurring to the ice as it melts, ice melting is not a chemical reaction. The water molecules remain unchanged and continue to be water molecules.
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now consider this plot, which shows the boiling points of all the common compounds between p-block elements and hydrogen. what are the formulas of the two other compounds (besides water) that experience hydrogen bonding?
Separation of two molecules joined by a hydrogen bond requires 10 to 30 kJ mol–1, roughly 10 times the energy needed to overcome dipole forces. Thus hydrogen bonding can account for the unusually high boiling points of NH3, H2O, and HF
Which of the following ch3 ch2 ch3 ch3 ch3 br does have the highest boiling point?The listed compounds have molecular weights between 44 and 46.Extensive intermolecular H-bonding occurs in CH3CH2OH, which causes molecules to link together.It has the greatest boiling point as a result.
Which substance among CH3CH3 B CH3OCH3 C CH3CH2OH D ch3cooh has the greatest boiling point?Alcohols have an extremely high boiling point due to their hydrogen bonds.Since ethanol experiences a lot of hydrogen bonding, it has the hottest boiling point.
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A method for determining the quantity of dissolved oxygen in natural waters requires a series of redox reactions. Balance the following chemical equations in that series under the conditions indicated (and include phases):
a. in basic solution
Mn^(2+) (aq) + O2 (g) ---> MnO2 (s)
b. in acidic solution
MnO2 (s) + I^(-) (aq) ---> Mn^(2+) (aq) + I2 (s)
c. in neutral solution
I2 (s) + S2O3^(2-) (aq) ---> I^(-) (aq) + S4O6^(2-) (aq)
Balance the following equation:
in basic solution: Mn²⁺ (aq) + O₂ (g) + 4OH⁻(aq) → MnO₂ (s) + 2H₂O (l)in acidic solution: MnO₂ (s) + I⁻ (aq) + 4H ⁺ → Mn²⁺ (aq) + I₂ (s) + 2H₂O (l)in neutral solution: I₂ (s) + 2S₂O₃²⁻(aq) → 2I⁻ (aq) + S₄O₆²⁻ (aq)A chemical equation is a symbolic writing of a chemical reaction. The chemical formulas of the reactants are written to the left of the equation and the chemical formulas of the products are written to the right
In basic solution:
Step-1: The number of Mn and O atoms on both sides is checked. They are equal.Step-2: The charges are looked in. The left-hand side (LHS) has net 2+ on Mn the Right-hand side (RHS) has a net O charge. Since it is a basic reaction, we neutralize the charge on Mn2+ (LHS) by adding 2 negative charges ie, 2 OH⁻ ion ⇒ Mn²⁺ + O₂+ 2OH⁻ → MnO₂Step-3: The newly introduced H on LHS is balanced on RHS by inserting a respective number of water molecules. ⇒ Mn²⁺ + O₂ + 4OH⁻ → MnO₂ + 2H₂O.Step-4: Toy to balance the number of O, H, and then Mn. ⇒ Mn²⁺ (aq) + O₂ (g) + 4OH⁻(aq) → MnO₂ (s) + 2H₂O (l)In acidic solution:
Step-1: Balance number of atoms: (O by adding H₂O)Step-2: Balance the charges by adding protons and electronsStep-3: Combine LHS and R.H.S of both equations Canal out electrons. ⇒ MnO₂ (s) + I⁻ (aq) + 4H ⁺ → Mn²⁺ (aq) + I₂ (s) + 2H₂O (l)in neutral solution:
It doesn't involve any proton or hydroxide ion in the reaction. There is no 2S₂O₃²⁻ ion and S₄O₆²⁻, the correct form is S₂O₃²⁻ and S₄O₆²⁻. This reaction comes in the third series of the Winkler method of determining Dissolved Oxygen.
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What element only has 3 electrons?
Answer:
The element that only has 3 electrons is Lithium
the group 16 elements have the general valence electron configuration ns2npx . what is the numerical value of x ?.
The numerical value of x is 4 for the elements belonging to group 16.
The outermost shell or orbital of an atom is called its valence shell. The electrons in these shells take part in bonding with other atoms. It may be fully filled or half-filled. The group 16 elements have the general electronic configuration ns2 npx. The general valence electron configuration of group 16 elements is ns2 np4. Group 16 elements have six electrons in their valence shell. Thus, the value of x=4.
The group 16 elements are oxygen (O), Sulfur (S), Selenium (Se), Tellurium (Te), Polonium (Po) etc.
Thus, the valence electrons will be same for the elements is ns2 np4 and therefore the numerical value of x is 4.
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why is it important to perform the fractional distillation slowly? what happens if a fractional distillation is done very quickly by rapidly raising the temperature of the heat source?
To accomplish a satisfactory separation, a slow, even distillation is required since only under these circumstances can vapor and liquid in the distillation apparatus be in balance with one another.
What justifies using a slow fractional distillation process? What would occur if it was completed too soon?The best equilibration and heat transport can essentially be achieved through slow, steady distillation. If you heat the mixture too quickly, the vapors could not condense as quickly as you'd want, wasting some of the column. Packaging supplies are also essential. Packing materials with a large surface area give surfaces on which condensation can happen.
How does too-rapid distillation affect the process?Additionally, bumping may happen if the distillation proceeds too quickly. -The target liquid's vapors condense too soon and fall back into column.
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Is pewter toxic to humans?
What is the mass of 0.45 mol of ammonium sulfate, (NH4)2SO4?
Answer:
59.46 g
Explanation:
To answer this question, the molecular weight of ammonium sulfate must be computed. To accomplish this, the weights of the individual elements must be noted.
N=14.01[tex]\frac{g}{mol}[/tex]
H=1.01[tex]\frac{g}{mol}[/tex]
S=32.07[tex]\frac{g}{mol}[/tex]
O=16.00[tex]\frac{g}{mol}[/tex]
To compute the molecular weight:
[tex]2[14.01\frac{g}{mol}+4(1.01\frac{g}{mol})]+32.07\frac{g}{mol}+4(16.00\frac{g}{mol})=132.14\frac{g}{mol}[/tex]
To calculate the mass:
[tex]0.45 mol(\frac{132.14g}{1mol})=59.463g[/tex]
What is the mass in grams of 4 mol C8H18?
Answer:
457.04 g
Explanation:
Molar mass of C8H18 is 8(12.01) + 18(1.01) = 114.26 g/mol
mass of 4 mol = 4(114.26) = 457.04 g
divide the compounds below into electron-poor and electron-rich groups.
The electron-poor groups are the ones that make up the majority of the electrons in the material.
This is why it is critical that you divide compounds by the number of electrons they contain. In other words, if you have a compound with two electrons, you want to look at the two-electron group, not the three-electron group. So, if you have a compound with two electrons, you should look at where the two electrons are rather than where they were. Start with the group containing the two electrons and work your way down. Essentially, we want to divide compounds into three groups, three electron groups. The first group has a low electron density, the second has a high electron density, and the third has no electrons. The first group is the easiest to distinguish, but you can see that the first group contains the most electron-rich compounds. The second group is more difficult to distinguish. Because the compounds in the group will have two electrons, it is electron rich. The third group is the most difficult to enter, and it's clear that the second group contains the most electron-free compounds.
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What is the pathway of an enzyme?
Enzyme is the protein that catalyzes a biological chemical reaction. Pathways of enzymes called metabolic pathways that convert a substrate molecule through a series of metabolic intermediate.
The pathways of enzyme called metabolic pathway is a series of interconnected biochemical reactions that convert a substrate molecule or molecules through a series of metabolic intermediates yielding a final product or products. Chemical reactions in metabolic pathways rarely take place spontaneously. Each reaction step is catalyzed by a protein called an enzyme. Enzymes are important for catalyzing all types of biological reactions. Those that require energy as well as those that release energy. This involves two pathways. Anabolic pathways and catabolic pathways. Anabolic pathways synthesize molecules and require energy. Catabolic pathways break down molecules and produce energy.
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Practice Problem 05.38a Draw the enantiomer of the following compound: Cl OH 2
The enantiomer of the compound: ClOH₂
Identify the chiral center in the compound. The chiral center is a carbon atom bonded to four different groups.Draw the compound, making sure to include all the atoms and bonds.Flip the compound horizontally.What is an enantiomer?Generally, To draw the enantiomer of a compound, you need to flip its chiral center, which is a carbon atom bonded to four different groups. In the compound you provided, ClOH, there is no chiral center.
Therefore, there is no enantiomer.
If you have a compound with a chiral center and you want to draw its enantiomer, you can follow these steps:
Identify the chiral center in the compound. The chiral center is a carbon atom bonded to four different groups.
Draw the compound, making sure to include all the atoms and bonds.
Flip the compound horizontally.
For each bond to a chiral center, swap the two groups attached to that bond.
For example, the compound (S)-2-chlorobutane has a chiral center at the carbon atom bonded to a chlorine atom, a hydrogen atom, and two methyl groups (-CH₃). To draw its enantiomer, (R)-2-chlorobutane, we can follow these steps:
Identify the chiral center.Draw (S)-2-chlorobutane:H₃C-CH₂-ClFlip the compound horizontally:Cl-CH₂-H₃CSwap the two groups attached to the bond to the chiral center:H₃C-CH₂-ClThe resulting compound is (R)-2-chloroquine.
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Chromium can help you build bigger muscles and stay lean when you are lifting weights.
True or False?
False; Chromium can help you build bigger muscles and stay lean when you are lifting weights.
With an atomic number of 24 and the chemical symbol Cr, chromium is a chemical element. It is the first part of group 6. It is a steely-gray, strong, brittle transition metal that is shiny. [4]
The great corrosion resistance and hardness of chromium metal make it valuable. It was a big development in the production of steel when it was realised that steel could be converted into stainless steel, which has a high resistance to rust and discolouration. 85% of commercial use is made up of chrome plating (chromium electroplating) and stainless steel combined. Chromium is highly valued as a metal because it can be polished to a high degree while maintaining its brilliance. Polished chrome reflects about 70% of the visible spectrum and over 90% of infrared radiation.
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3) Identify the noble gas in the following list A) helium B) nitrogen C) oxygen D) gold E) chlorine 4
) The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of A) nuclei B) neutrons C) neutrons plus protons D) electrons plus protons E) protons
5) Consider a neutral atom with 30 protons and 34 neutrons. The atomic number of the elementis A) 30 B) 32 C) 34 D) 64 E) 94
6) How many proton are in an isotope of sodium with a mass number of 25% B) 14 C) IS D) 25 E) 32 Isotopes are stoms of the
Helium is the noble gas out of the following options given.
The amount of protons an atom contains determines its atomic number.
The atomic number of a neutral atom with 30 protons and 34 neutrons is 30.
An isotope of sodium with a mass value of 25 has 11 protons.
Gases that are noble or inert. Helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon are the noble gases, or inert gases, that make up group 8A (or VIII A) of the periodic table. The name of these elements refers to how little they react with other elements or compounds.
The atomic number is determined by the number of protons, which is always equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom.
Sodium has an atomic number of 11. Since the atomic number in this instance is 11, the number of protons is likewise 11. The number of protons is equal to the atomic number.
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a 2.5000 g sample of epsom salt (maghesiun sulfate hydrate) is heated until the crystals arereduced to a dry powder. after cooling the residue was found to weigh 1.7525 g. calculate g
The mass of the water of crystallization is 0.7475 g.
What is the mass of the water?We know that a hydrated compound is a compound that contains in it the water of crystallization. This is the water that becomes attached to the structure of the compound that is in question.
In this case, we have that the salt that is question is a hydrate of magnesium sulfate and we have.
Mass of the hydrated salt = 2.5000 g
Mass of the anhydrous salt = 1.7525 g
Mass of water present = 2.5000 g - 1.7525 g
= 0.7475 g
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Missing parts;
A 2.5000 g sample of epsom salt (maghesiun sulfate hydrate) is heated until the crystals arereduced to a dry powder. after cooling the residue was found to weigh 1.7525 g. calculate the mass of the water.
Label The Functional Groups In The Molecule.Label The Image Of A Compound Light Microscope Using The Terms Provided.
The the NH₂ group in the given compound is called amino group and the Cl group is chloride. The functional group C=O is called ketonic group. The COR in the first end is called an alkoxy group and the functional group OH is called hydroxy group.
What are functional groups?Functional group in an organic compounds are groups with heteroatoms such as N, O, halogens etc. The organic compounds are named based on the position of these functional groups in the compound. Their prefix or suffix are given to the name.
The functional group OH is called hydroxyl group and the group COR is an ether or alkoxy group. The C=O group is called a carbonyl or ketonic group.
The the NH₂ group in the given compound is called amino group and the Cl group is chloride. The compound contains hydroxyl group, alkoxy group and bromide group also.
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What are 4 ways to identify an ionic compound?
Answer:
Binary Ionic Compounds Containing a Metal and a Nonmetal. A binary compound is a compound formed from two different elements. ...
Ionic Compounds Containing a Metal and a Polyatomic Ion. Metals combine with polyatomic ions to give ionic compounds. ...
Acids and Acid Salts. ...
Binary Compounds Between Two Nonmetals.
Explanation:
A gas is heated from 263k to 298k. The volume is increased from 24. 0l to 35. 0l. If the original pressure was 1. 00 atm, what is the new pressure?.
What are the 3 properties of starch?
The properties of starch are that they are colorless and tasteless in nature and are the source of carbohydrates in our diet.
Starch are insoluble in cold water, alcohol, and other solvents.
Starch is composed of long chains of sugar molecules which are linked together linked together forming bonds and linkages. The most basic type of starch is amylose it is a linear polymer and another example is amylopectin which is a branching polymer.
Starch is the storage part in a plant where they store the excess energy in the form of glucose. This glucose is an important part of human diet and it provides energy as taken in the form of sugar.
Amylase is a starch-breaking enzyme found in saliva and the pancreas the first step in the digestion process is the breaking down of starch by enzymes.
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Complete the reaction, which is part of the electron transport chain. the abbreviation q represents coenzyme q. use the appropriate abbreviation for the product.
FADH2+Q →
The reaction, which is part of the electron transport chain. the abbreviation Q represents coenzyme Q. use the appropriate abbreviation for the product : FADH₂ + Q ----> QH₂ + FAD
The reaction, which is part of the electron transport chain. the abbreviation Q represents coenzyme Q. use the appropriate abbreviation for the product :
FADH₂ + Q ----> QH₂ + FAD
in this reaction ,the FADH₂ is oxidize. as we all know that that loss of electron is oxidation. the FADH₂ is acts as a reducing agent. The Q gains the electron and gets reduce because gain of the electrons is called as the reduction and act as a oxidizing agent.
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How many mol are in a Mg?
The molar atomic mass of magnesium is given as 24 g mol⁻¹.
Molar mass of a substance is defined as the mass in grams of one mole of the compound. In any substance, the total amount of entities present e.g. atoms, molecules, ions, is defined as a mole. A mole of any substance is equal to 6.022×1023 molecules or atoms.
The molar mass of a compound is basically calculated by adding the quality atomic masses (in g/mol) of the constituent atoms. For example, the mass of titanium is 47.88 amu or 47.88 g/mol. In 47.88 grams of titanium, one mole or 6.022 x 1023 titanium atoms are present.
As molar atomic mass of magnesium is 24 g mol⁻¹ so, one mole of magnesium weighs 24.31 g.
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Drawbacks include noise and the release of corrosive chemicals.
Geothermal energy is the use of earth heat to produce electrical energy through geothermal power plants. With the corrosive chemicals of geothermal energy come some drawbacks.
The contamination of the air is one such issue. Heavy metals like sulphur, radon salts, and harmful gases that harm the ecosystem are brought up by steam from the earth. Hazardous sludge is created throughout the energy generation process, contaminating the soil and water. Heavy metals present cause pipes to corrode. Construction of geothermal facilities must be done with the utmost care to minimise influence on the local environment. In the first possibility, the chemical's hue is a physical characteristic of a substance. In the presence or absence of a specific chemical, a substance's hue serves as physical identification. Consider sulphur .
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What are the 4 types of weathering?
Answer: The four main types of weathering is I think, Chemical, Physical, Biological, and Mechanical weathering. But if you're talking about main agents then it will have to be water, ice, air, and temperature.
Explanation:
Hope this helps! Tried my best.
What is the concentration of solution if 20gm solid dissolved in 180 gm of water?
Calculate the concentration in terms of mass by solution mass % for a solution that has 20g of sugar dissolved in 180g of water.
The answer is that 20g of sugar dissolves in 180g of water. 180g plus 20g equals 200g for the solution's total mass.
Mass of the solute / Total mass of the solution 100, i.e. 20/200 100 = 10%, is how you calculate the mass by mass percentage of the solution.
What dissolves in water?Coffee, salt, and sugar are a few items that can dissolve in water. These things break down. Usually, warm or hot water makes them dissolve more quickly and readily. Sand and pepper are both soluble in hot water, but not at room temperature.
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if we were to arrange these elements in order based on the number of bonds they form, what order would we put them in?
The order formed from least to most: H< O<N <C<P<S which is determined by the valence electrons.
The octet rule is a chemical rule of thumb that displays the concept that main-institution factors have a tendency to bond in this sort of manner that every atom has 8 electrons in its valence shell, giving it the equal digital configuration as a noble gas. Octet rule states that atoms tend to form compounds in a way that eight valence electrons.
Elements Valence electrons
C 4
H 1
N 5
O 6
P 5
S 6
Number of bonds formed from least to most: H< O<N <C<P<S
Since, P and S has d -orbitals, they can form more number of bonds.
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what is the hybridization of all the atoms (other than hydrogen) in each of the following species?
Hybridization is the concept of when two atomic orbitals mix up to give rise to a new type of hybridized orbitals. This intermixing of orbitals oftenly results in the formation of hybrid orbitals having entirely different energies, shapes, etc.
According to the question , Here the hybridization of the given atoms are:
1] For HCN, there are TWO electron groups surrounding the central carbon atom: a single C-H bond and a triple C-N bond. The carbon atom in HCN is therefore sp hydribidised.
2] In HCN there is a triple bond between carbon and nitrogen. A triple bond consists of the end-to-end overlap of two sigma bonds and the side-to-side overlap of two unhybridized p-orbitals. Therefore, in this case nitrogen has sp hybridization.
3] For NH₄⁺ : Since the geometry is tetrahedral, the hybridization is sp3.
4] For CH₃⁻ is sp3,
5] CH₃⁺ is sp2.
6] NH₃ hybridization is sp3
7] C[CH₃]₄ the hybridization is sp3.
8] H₃O⁺ ion, here O is sp3 hybridized
The given question is incomplete and the completed question is given as,
What is the hybridization of all the atoms (other than hydrogen) in each of the following species? HCN, NH₄⁺, CH₃⁻, CH₃⁺, NH₃, C[CH₃]₄, H₃O⁺.
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A valence issue is an issue ______.
A valence issue is an issue on which most voters and candidates share the same position.
A valence issue is one on which the majority of voters are in agreement. Voters use valence issues to assess a political party's effectiveness in achieving a particular goal or quality because valence issues are symbolic of such things.
The valence issue notion is a technique of speculating on the reasons why voters support opposing parties in a general election. The theory was developed in response to Donald Stokes' critique of theories of voting behavior, which Stokes considered as being excessively limited to notions of a voter's reasoning and ideological impulses, as with spatial models of party competition. Since Stokes noted that voters occasionally were not constrained by ideology or self-interest during his assessment of past U.S. elections.
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Which Of The Following Is Not True?Which Of The Following Statements Is True?
The claim that over-the-counter medications require a doctor's prescription is referred to as being untrue.
What Does Medicine Mean?
This is also known as a medicine, and people use it to diagnose and treat illnesses and other forms of medical ailments. Antimalarials, antibiotics, and other examples all have particular uses and modes of action.
It is untrue that all over-the-counter (OTC) medications require a doctor's prescription because some OTC medications can be purchased without a doctor's prescription. These medications are referred to as OTC medications. Some analgesics and first aid supplies used immediately or during emergencies are medications that don't require a prescription.
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Answer:
If you're on plato edmentum this is the answer, if not then it's not.
Post Test: Government
Economics
Question #6
This answer is 100% correct:
Economic stability means fair distribution of goods in an economy.Full employment is a macroeconomic goal.Inflation is a fall in the prices of goods and services.Inflation is a rise in the prices of goods and services. Microeconomics studies the economy as a whole.
Explanation:
I took the test and this is 100% it
Hope this helped!
created a standard curve and calculated the slope to be 65.2. after synthesizing your copper network, you weighed 0.055 grams of your copper product, worked it up with nitric acid, buffer, and ammonia and added it to a 25 ml volumetric flask. then, you measured the absorbance of your solution and received a value of 0.323. what is the % mass of copper in your product?
The % mass of copper in your product will be 3.64 %.
Calculated slope = 64.5
Mass of copper product = 0.055 g
Initial volume (V1) = 25 ml
Final volume (V2) = 100 ml
Absorbance (A) = 0.323
% mass of copper = ?
To find out the concentration (C) we use the following equation
C = A / slope
Put the values
C (M2) = 0.323 / 64.5
C (M2) = 0.00501 g/L
To calculate M1 we use the following equation.
M1V1 = M2V2
M1 = 0.00501 * 100 ml / 25 ml
M1 = 0.02004 g/L
mass of copper = Penny solution x Volume
mass of copper = 0.02004 g/L x 0.1 L
mass of copper = 0.002004 g
% mass of copper = (total mass of copper ÷ mass of penny) x 100
% mass of copper = (0.002004 / 0.055 ) x 100
% mass of copper = 3.64 %
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Consider the pictured representations of electromagnetic waves. Which electromagnetic wave corresponds to each description? Lowest frequency Choose... Second Highest energy Choose... Highest energy Choose. Shortest wavelength Choose...
In the picture representation of electromagnetic waves,
a) Lowest frequency - C
b) Second Highest energy - A
c) Highest energy - B
d) Shortest wavelength - B
Wavelength can be defined as the distance between identical points (adjacent crests) in the adjacent cycles of a waveform signal propagated in space or along a wire. In wireless systems, this length is usually mentioned in meters (m), centimeters (cm), or millimeters (mm).
If the wavelength of electromagnetic waves is low, the frequency of a wave is also low and the energy is low.
If the wavelength of electromagnetic waves is short, the frequency of a wave is also high and the energy is high.
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