Utilitarianism says that, in any circumstance, the right thing to do is __________. A. whatever God commands
B. whatever will be most immediately useful
C. whatever will make you as happy as possible
D. whatever will make every affected as happy as possible

Answers

Answer 1

The correct answer is option D that is Utilitarianism says that, in any circumstance,  the right thing to do is whatever will make every affected as happy as possible.

An ethical theory that is known as utilitarianism establishes right from wrong by emphasizing results. It embodies consequentialism in some way. According to utilitarianism, the decision that will result in the greatest good for the large number of people is the most morally right one.

One of the most well-known and important moral theories is utilitarianism and its core tenet is similar to other consequentialist theories in that it holds that moral rightness or wrongness of deeds depends on their consequences.

More specifically, the outcomes—both good as well as bad—that an action produces are the only effects that matter. Tomorrow, volunteering for a good cause would provide more happiness to the globe than spending the entire day in front of the television. 

The correct course of action for tomorrow, then, is to go out and perform acts of charity; it is incorrect to sit in and watch television all day, according to act utilitarianism.

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Related Questions

Describe what happened
with Johnson, Nixon, Clinton,
and Trump with the
impeachment process.

Answers

President Lyndon B. Johnson: In 1968, the House of Representatives voted to impeach President Johnson on charges of "high crimes and misdemeanors" related to his handling of the Vietnam War. However, the Senate ultimately failed to secure the necessary two-thirds majority to remove him from office.

President Richard Nixon: In 1974, President Nixon faced articles of impeachment related to the Watergate scandal, in which he was accused of obstructing justice and abuse of power. Nixon resigned from office before the House could vote on the articles of impeachment, and the process was never completed.

President Bill Clinton: In 1998, the House of Representatives voted to impeach President Clinton on charges of perjury and obstruction of justice related to his affair with White House intern Monica Lewinsky. The Senate conducted a trial, but ultimately voted to acquit Clinton, and he remained in office.

President Donald Trump: In 2019, the House of Representatives voted to impeach President Trump on charges of abuse of power and obstruction of Congress related to his efforts to pressure Ukraine to investigate his political rivals. The Senate conducted a trial, but ultimately voted to acquit Trump, and he remained in office.

What is the impeachment process.?

Generally, The impeachment process is a constitutional mechanism by which the president of the United States can be removed from office for "high crimes and misdemeanors."

It is a two-step process: first, the House of Representatives votes on articles of impeachment, and then the Senate holds a trial to determine whether to remove the president from office.

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during which of the following steps will you bring the current phase to a close, prepare a report and presentation to management concerning continuation of the project, and get ready to move the project into design?

Answers

Alternative generation and selection prepare a report and presentation to management concerning the continuation of the project and get ready to move the project into the design.

A era refers to all the human beings born and dwelling at about the identical time, seemed collectively.[1] it can also be described as, "the common duration, generally considered to be approximately 20–⁠30 years, for the duration of which youngsters are born and develop up, come to be adults, and start to have children."[2] In kinship terminology, it's far a structural time period designating the parent-child dating. it's miles referred to as biogenesis, replica, or procreation in the organic sciences. era is also frequently used synonymously with cohort in social technology; underneath this formula it manner "people inside a delineated populace who enjoy the equal tremendous events inside a given time period".[3] Generations on this sense of beginning cohort, also called "social generations", are extensively used in famous lifestyle, and had been the premise for sociological evaluation.

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11. A regulatory commission attempts to regulate or control something such as the Fed controlling the money supply or the SCC controlling the stock market: True or False
12. Executive agencies or federal agencies set or enforce policies such as the epa supervising waste cleanup or nasa running the space program: True or False
13. Executive corporations are federal agencies that are run like a business so it can fund itself such as the post office or amtrak: True or False

Answers

11. A regulatory commission indeed attempts to regulate or control something such as the Fed controlling the money supply or the SCC controlling the stock market.

What is the stock market?

The stock market is a financial market where stocks of publicly-traded companies are traded. It is a venue where buyers and sellers can come together to negotiate prices and trade securities, such as stocks and bonds. The stock market is an important component of a free market economy as it provides companies with access to capital in exchange for giving investors a slice of ownership. It also provides investors with an opportunity to earn a return on their investment.

Regulatory commissions are indeed responsible for controlling or regulating specific areas of government, industry, or commerce. The Federal Reserve is responsible for controlling the money supply in the United States, while the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is responsible for regulating the stock market.

It can be concluded that it is true that a regulatory commission attempts to regulate or control something such as the Fed controlling the money supply or the SCC controlling the stock market.

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Which refers to a series of Supreme Court rulings that used the 14th Amendment to protect basic rights of citizens from state governments?
the guarantees of freedom
the right to a fair trial
the process of incorporation
the principal of federalism

Answers

The Due Process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment is used by the incorporation doctrine to make some provisions of the first ten amendments of the United States Constitution, also known as the Bill of Rights, applicable to the states. Both substantively and procedurally are covered by incorporation.

Amendments are necessary to safeguard citizens' fundamental rights against state governments.

As part of the Reconstruction Amendments, the Fourteenth Amendment was ratified on July 9, 1868. Following the Civil War, it addressed the rights of former slaves to equal protection under the law and citizenship privileges. The most frequently contested amendment is this one.

The Citizenship Clause, the Privileges or Immunities Clause, the Due Process Clause, and the Equal Protection Clause are just a few of the significant clauses that are included in it. The process of incorporation refers to the string of Supreme Court decisions that used this amendment as support.

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Due to an increased reliance on technology coupled with inactivity, children on a wide scale
are outside of the _______ age range for people in their cohort because we are starting to see
them develop health problems that usually show up in adulthood such as hypertention and
type 2 diabetes.
O Chronological
O Normative
O Sequential
O Social

Answers

Due to an increased reliance on technology coupled with inactivity, children on a wide scale are outside of the Social age range for people in their cohort because we are starting to see them develop health problems that usually show up in adulthood such as hypertension and type 2 diabetes.

What is a social age?

A numerical scale unit that compares a person to others of the same chronological age in terms of interpersonal skills and the capacity to meet the standards and expectations associated with various social responsibilities SA is calculated using ratings obtained from the person or, in the case of young children, from parents or caregivers using tools like the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales.

SA is similar to mental age. By regressing chronological age on a number of social indicators of age, a simple-variable measure of social age was created. The correlations examined family, career, and retirement life patterns. The social age was determined as the estimated age, expressed in years.

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A cartographer is mapping changes to the map of the European Union, a supranational organization in Europe, as a result of the British exit from the Union in 2020. Precise information is needed to locate and map borders. Which geospatial tool would be the best to gather this information?
Geographic information systems (GIS)
Airborne cameras
Remote sensing
Area analysis
Global positioning system (GPS)

Answers

Answer:

option 4

Explanation:

it would be the most accurate option because gis and gps are not always acurate and airborne cameras don't help much either.

keith isn't interested in ruth's speech because he doesn't see the relevance of it. he is probably using central processing as he is listening.

Answers

Keith isn't interested in ruth's speech because he doesn't see the relevance of it. He is probably using central processing as he is listening. The given statement is false.

The elaboration likelihood model states that people process effective messages using either central or peripheral processing. In the given statement Keith is using central processing as he is listening as The central route to coercion uses facts and information to persuade probable consumers.

Listening is an active process by which we make sensation of assess, and acknowledge to what we hear. The listening process requires five stages; understanding, receiving, remembering,  evaluating and responding.

Listening is more than hearing. It requires the process of interpretation and inference. Listening is immensely important for the communication process.

The given question is incomplete, the complete question is given below:

Ques.: Keith isn't interested in ruth's speech because he doesn't see the relevance of it. he is probably using central processing as he is listening. Whether the statement is true or false.

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journalists often like to create the appearance of impartiality by story balancing. which of the following is one reason that balancing a story is a bad idea?

Answers

In a nutshell, the impartiality rule states that if a close friend or family member is a party to the dispute, the employee must take appearance considerations into account before participating in it.

Why is impartiality important?

In a nutshell, the impartiality rule mandates that an employee weigh appearance issues before taking part in a particular matter if a close friend or family member is a party to that subject.

The majority of journalists define balance as providing various perspectives on a subject without seeming to favor any particular viewpoint. The argument that news should be balanced hides journalism's narrative purpose, just like the claim that news should be impartial.

It has been interpreted that objectivity and impartiality in reporting entail that neither one side should be given preferential treatment (Cushion, 2011: 33).

In the event of a conflict, impartiality is one trait that is crucial and unquestionably very important. Being impartial entails being open-minded, treating everyone equally, and refraining from taking sides.

Therefore, the answer is It tends to oversimplify and misrepresent complex issues.

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in interviews, interviewers tend to ask questions they want to ask and do not depend on a fixed set of questions for their interviews.

Answers

Interview questions are questions that employers ask to determine the best fit for a position among a pool of capable applicants.

What are interview questions?

Because interviewers only have so much time to evaluate candidates, recruiters ask questions that elicit informative and comprehensive responses.

Before a job interview, the interviewer will most likely ask,  or something along those lines, to which you must respond. Prepare at least three questions to ask at the end of your job interview, and consider asking a follow-up question if they have already been answered.

A good interview is more than just artfully answering any question thrown your way by a prospective employer. Remember that once the tables are turned, you'll need to be just as prepared. When an interviewer inquires, she isn't just being polite. She wants to know if you're informed, interested, and engaged.

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Cardinal Bellarmine 1. (close reading) explain two reasons Cardinal Bellarmine gave for believing the Geocentric Theory.

Answers

The Earth is said to be the center of the and according to Bellarmine, if that statement is false, the veracity of any single scripture is put into question. He continues by talking about the geocentric theory.

What does Earth true name entail?

Contrary to common opinion, Earth lacks a globally recognized name. A common misinterpretation of the earth's natural scientific name is "Terra." English speakers frequently refer to the planet as Earth, particularly in scientific contexts.

Who created Earth?

Formation. Earth, the third planet from the Sun, was formed when gravity pulled spinning dust and gas in around four billion years ago, or when the solar was in its current shape. Earth has a center, just like other terrestrial planets.

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TRUE/FALSE. according to interference theory, most forgetting is attributable to the fact that: group of answer choices new learning disrupts or overwrites old learning emotion causes the disruption of memories acquired earlier memories and memory connections fade with time you lose paths to the information owing to a change in perspective

Answers

According to interference theory, most forgetting is attributable to the fact that: group of answer choices new learning disrupts or overwrites old learning emotion causes the disruption of memories acquired earlier memories and memory connections fade with time you lose paths to the information owing to a change in perspective.

The statement is True.

A theory about human memory is the interference theory. In learning, interference happens. According to the theory, information stored in long-term memory is lost and cannot be brought back into short-term memory because they can conflict.Long-term memory loss is explained by interference, which contends that forgetting happens because memories conflict with one another and cause disruptions; in other words, forgetting happens as a result of interference from other memories.

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pierre simon laplace claimed that if he knew he could predict the location and motion of every object in the universe at any time in the future.

Answers

Pierre Simon Laplace did claim on predicting the location and motion of every object

The belief that nature is made up of particles that follow physics principles and that all that occurs is guided by the constant laws of cause and effect is touched on in Laplace's Vision also considered as evidence for fatalism. According to Pierre-Simon Laplace, a supremely intelligent observer could predict with absolute certainty every possible state of the universe if he knew the precise location and velocity of every particle in the cosmos as well as all the physical laws.

Such a person wouldn't be surprised by anything because he would be aware of everything beforehand. The "perfect observer" will be able to make any prediction. Laplace suggested that our seen freedom is really a figment of our ignorance. We believe that we behave freely because we are unaware of the factors that influence our actions.

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How did the North benefit from the Compromise of 1850? Check all that apply.
California entered the Union as a free state.
The Fugitive Slave Act was passed.
The slave trade was banned in the nation's capital.
Voters would decide the slavery issue in Utah and New Mexico.
The Union stayed intact.
California became a slave state.

Answers

Answer:

A,c,d

Explanation:

California became a free state giving equal power

they both voted against slavery

the union held together for another decade

Meredith remembers the first several companies she contacted in her job search, but not the next few; this exemplifies the _____ effect.

Answers

Meredith remembers the first several companies she contacted in her job search, but not the next few; this exemplifies the primacy effect.

A Top 100 company is what?

The Times 100 is a ranking of the top 100 American businesses in the Fortune 500, a list of the 500 largest publicly and privately held businesses in the United States that is published by Fortune magazine. Ranking both public and private businesses that submit annual income numbers to a government agency, Fortune compiles the list.

Who is the world's top company?

The businesses on this list, measured by their total revenue, are the biggest in the world, per the Fortune Global 500 2022 rankings. In terms of sales, American retail behemoth Walmart has been in first place since 2014.

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anet constantly washes her hands. She must keep them clean as she fears that without these seventy to eighty daily washes she will catch some types of disease. Janet is displaying symptoms associated with disorder

Answers

Anet washes her hands frequently. She must maintain them clean because she worries that if she doesn't do these 70 to 80 daily washes, she would contract various diseases. An obsessional condition

Describe a compulsive disorder example.

Compulsion symptoms and indicators examples include: Washing your hands till they are raw. continuously making sure the doors are locked. ensuring that the burner is off by periodically checking.

What three compulsive habits are instances of them?

Excessive cleaning and hand washing, checking appliances, doors, locks, and other items frequently, rituals intended to ward off contact with superstitious objects, reciting prayers or chants to ward off bad things, arranging and rearranging objects, and hoarding large quantities of common items are examples of common compulsions.

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hindu sanctions against consuming beef are explained in part by the need to maintain a large supply of oxen for use in ploughing and carting goods.

Answers

Answer:Climate change is intensifying food insecurity across sub-Saharan Africa, where Russia's war in Ukraine and the pandemic are also adding to food shortages and high prices. Climate events, which destroy crops and disrupt food transport , are disproportionately common in the region                    Today an estimated 60 million people practice voodoo worldwide. At a voodoo ceremony, believers gather outdoors to make contact with the Loa, any of a pantheon of spirits who have various functions running the universe, much like Greek gods                                                                                         1451. The trade of enslaved Africans began in 1451, based on information provided in the map legend. Which country transported the smallest number of enslaved Africans to the Americas? Denmark.                                                                                            

bob works for abc corporation and is a practicing muslim. he tells his employer that he must have off every saturday for religious reasons. saturday is their busiest day. in order for abc to be able to terminate bob, they must a. prove that an attempt to accommodate here would be unreasonable b. prove that ABC Corporation is not a religious organization c. prove that Bob's social media posts are not about religion d. prove that Bob has never gone to church

Answers

A decent solution of something like the religious conflict must be made by the employer, and the employee must support that accommodation.

What does religion entail?

pertaining to or displaying unwavering devotion to a recognized ultimate reality or divinity. a follower of religion. Religious attitudes are those that are dedicated to, or of, religious beliefs or practices.

Is the Bible religious?

Even though we consider of the Scriptures as a religious dissertation, the word "religion" does not exist inside this Old Testament, and it is only used three times in the books of the New Testament. This is noteworthy to notice since it indicates that the Bible is not a religious treatise.

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Panic disorder is more common in children who have experienced parental loss or separation and in adults who have recently experienced significant, stressful life events. These are ____.

Answers

Students who experience parental death or divorce as well adults who have actually gone through substantial, stressful life events more likely to develop panic disorder. These explanations are cognitive explanations.

What cognitive justifications are there for schizophrenia?

According to cognitive theories, many schizophrenic signs can be attributed to underlying memory, perception, and attention issues. According to Firth's attention deficit theory, people with schizophrenia experience information overload because they are unable to filter out all that is going on around them.

Simply put, what is cognitive psychology?

The area of psychology known as cognitive psychology focuses on understanding how people think. Psychology from a cognitive perspective focuses on how reasoning, emotion, creativity, and concern skills interact to influence the manner in which you think the way your do.

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Employee retention and turnover is an important, and in some ways, complex facet of staffing. Now that we are in the final module of this course, let's explore the topic of turnover by examining the costs and benefits of voluntary turnover.
1. Consider the costs and benefits associated with various types of jobs with which you are familiar. Give examples of at least three: Describe the costs or risks associated with each job when voluntary turnover occurs. Identify the benefits which occur when someone voluntary leaves the job

Answers

A company can avoid productivity losses by having effective personnel retention. More engaged employees who produce more work are typically found in firms with high retention rates.

The importance of staff retention and turnover.A company can avoid productivity losses by having effective personnel retention. More engaged employees who produce more work are typically found in firms with high retention rates. In addition to being more productive, teams that have had time to gel are also more likely to have engaged employees who will strengthen customer connections.The percentage of your personnel who quits over a certain length of time is known as employee turnover (usually per year). The percentage of employees who remain is referred to as retention.    

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What does marvel mean in this sentence? "Now the U.S. was joined together, literally and symbolically, be a marvel of engineering and human labor-the transcontinental railroad."

Answers

The meaning of marvel in the given sentence  is one that causes wonder or astonishment.

What is the main purpose of the transcontinental railroad?

By linking her two coasts of America, it has never been easier to economically export western resources to eastern markets. Railroads also facilitated westward expansion, escalated conflicts between Native American tribes and settlers, and facilitated access to new territories.

What impact did the transcontinental railroad have on America?

As it tapped into markets on the West Coast and East Asia, it brought the products of Eastern industry to a growing population throughout Mississippi. Railroads fueled a manufacturing boom as industry extracted the vast resources of the central and western continents for use in manufacturing.

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the election commission has started using electric voting machine in place of ballot paper.analyze its impacts​

Answers

Answer: EVM machine has an positive impact on the Election

Explanation:

Electronic Voting Machine (EVM)

EVMs were introduced on an experimental basis in 1998 in a few constituencies in the state assembly elections. Given the preliminary success of the machines, they were then rolled out in a phased manner for subsequent assembly elections. Post-2001 EVMs replaced paper ballots for all state elections.

When we use ballot paper in elections the number of false voting was high. They did this by stuffing the ballot paper. Since the usage of EVM machine these have been stopped.

It has an positive effect on election because during the time where they used ballot paper a lot of paper has to be made and printed which results in cutting down of more trees and

These points conclude that EVM machine has an positive impact on the Election.

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in step three of the forecasting process we try to achieve consensus of the forecast. one way to achieve that consensus in a formal way is to employ ?

Answers

Collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishing are some formal ways to reach that consensus (CPFR).

What does forecasting imply?

Using historical as inputs, forecasting is a process that produces accurate predictions of the future course of trends. Organizations use forecasting to decide how to spend their budgets and create plans for anticipated spending.

What does business forecasting entail?

In order to forecast the bank's future financial performance, small-business owners must look at both historical and current data, as well as market trends. It helps you to forecast your prospective income for a given time period and make large cost plans.

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13.
Before congress could pass any law, representatives from how many of
the 13 states had to approve it?

Answers

Answer: 9

Explanation: According to the constitution, amendment 13 says that "9 out of 13 representatives from 9 states must approve it."

Because of the Electoral College, presidential candidates generally spend most of their time and resources in ______.
a. states where there are competitive local races so that they can raise money for their own general-election campaigns
b. competitive states, especially large ones
c. coastal and border states because they are the so-called blue states
d. California, Texas, and New York because they are the biggest states
e. states where they have a comfortable lead in order to extend that lead

Answers

The majority of a presidential candidate's effort and money are often invested in competitive states, particularly big ones, owing to the Electoral College.

How does a president become president?

The american president has a wide range of rights, including those expressly provided by Paragraph 1 of the US Constitution, those conferred by statutes passed by Congress, inferred powers, and a significant amount of soft power associated with the office.

Is the president also the owner?

In smaller companies, the president may also be the business's owner. The president seems to be the second in charge in a group or business where the CEO already holds control. In the business sector, presidents frequently serve as chief operating officers (COO).

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include projected ratios for the without and with strategy by year. discuss how these ratios compare and contrast with the historical findings.

Answers

Numerous different financial ratios can be used to monitor a business, instead, to provide a simple and meaningful financial analysis.

the financial projections template keeps them to a minimum and includes the following four key financial projection ratios, every of which aims to highlight a different aspect of the business.

Profitability is the capacity of the business to generate profit from its revenue and is indicated in the financial projections template by the net profit margin ratio.

The ratio is a measure of how well a business can control its costs concerning its revenue. The highest the net profit margin ratio the more profit it earns from its revenue. A negative ratio indicates the business makes a loss.

regulation is a term used to indicate the ability of the business to perform effectively and utilize its assets to generate revenue (which in turn generates profit).

The financial projection container indicates efficiency using the ratio of revenue to assets, sometimes referred to as the asset turnover ratio.

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What are the pros of raising the minimum wage? Support your ideas

What are the cons of raising the minimum wage?

What are the pros and cons of NOT raising the minimum wage?

Answers

Answer:

1

it would cause businesses to invest in better employeesBusinesses would also be able to afford to hire more employees help to reduce poverty and inequality

2

lead to a decrease in the number of jobs availableit could lead to a decrease in the pay of workers

3.

would cause employers to reduce the number of employees it would reduce the number of jobs available

Explanation:

1. The pros of raising the minimum wage are that it would cause businesses to invest in better employees, as well as create more jobs. Businesses would also be able to afford to hire more employees, which would lead to increased economic growth. Additionally, raising the minimum wage would help to reduce poverty and inequality, as well as improve the social mobility of American families.

2. There are a few cons of raising the minimum wage. One is that it could lead to a decrease in the number of jobs available because businesses may have to lower their prices to compete with higher minimum wages. Additionally, it could lead to a decrease in the pay of workers, as companies may have to pay them more to remain competitive.

3. The pros of not raising the minimum wage are that it would cause employers to reduce the number of employees, which could lead to a decline in the quality of work, and that it would result in an increased cost to consumers because prices would be higher. The cons of not raising the minimum wage are that it would reduce the number of jobs available, and it would increase the cost of goods and services.

sometimes after a sports final fans will riot getting into fights and destroying property. people in such a crowd will often do things that they would never do on their own. this is due primarily to a process of

Answers

Their behavior can be explained by the principle of Deindividualization.

Sometimes after a sports final fans will riot getting into fights and destroying property. people in such a crowd will often do things that they would never do on their own. this is due primarily to a process of Deindividualization .

After a big football game, groups of fans may riot, fight, and destroy property. People in such crowds experience low self-esteem and therefore engage in anti-social behavior.

What is Deindividualization ?

Deindividualization is the phenomenon of impulsive and violent behavior in response to the events that take place in front of you.

This engagement is voluntary and creates an impulsive effect on the individual's mind.

For a while the person does not believe that he has experienced the incident.

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how did the fossils spred apart frome the south american plate and the african plate

Answers

︶꒦꒷♡꒷꒦︶

Hello

Numerous examples of fossils discovered only on distinct continents and nowhere else indicate that the continents were previously connected. This is because of the continental drift theory. In the course of tens of millions of years, the fossils gradually drifted apart. Earth's plates travel at a rate too slow to be experienced by humans.

One should learn to identify fallacies in their own thinking so they can strengthen their positions, as well as in the arguments of others when evaluating their strength. (t/f)
true

Answers

One should learn to identify fallacies in their own thinking so one can strengthen their position, as well as in the arguments of others when evaluating their strength. The given statement is true.

What do you mean by fallacies?

A fallacy is a deceptive argument. It is an argument in which the conclusion is not well supported by the premises.

A fallacious argument is an argument that is actually different from what it presents itself to be.

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What were the three main parts of the Dred Scott vs Sanford US Supreme Court case?​

Answers

Three main parts of the Dred Scott vs Sanford US Supreme Court case are:

The ruling stated that free blacks in the North were never citizens of the United States and were therefore unable to sue in federal court.The court's ruling ruled that the Louisiana Purchase's prohibition on slavery was unconstitutional.In accordance with the ruling's third tenet, neither the Congress nor territory governments were permitted to outlaw slavery.

The most significant ruling involving slavery in the history of the United States Supreme Court was in the Dred Scott v. Sandford case (1857).

The judgment, which was made seven years after the Missouri Compromise of 1850 and on the verge of the Civil War, had an influence on free blacks' rights, the national political landscape, and the institution of slavery.

A black slave named Dred Scott filed a claim for freedom in Missouri. In the free states of Illinois, Wisconsin, and the Minnesota Territory, where slavery was outlawed by state law under the Northwest Ordinance (1787) and the Missouri Compromise, Scott had traveled with his late owner to army assignments. The trial court released Scott in accordance with long-standing Missouri standards that stated a slave's freedom resulted from being in a free area.

However, the Missouri Supreme Court rejected past decisions and reversed the judgment. Scott then unsuccessfully filed a lawsuit in federal court and appealed to the Supreme Court of the United States.

The ruling widened the rift in American society over the subject of slavery. The Republican Party's ascent and Abraham Lincoln's 1860 candidacy were expedited by the Northern reaction.

The Dred Scott judgment, which was meant to put an end to the debate over slavery, instead contributed to the outbreak of the Civil War and other future events, hastened the freedom of all black people.

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