Two sugars are epimers of each other. Is it possible to convert one to the other without breaking covalent bonds? Why?
a) For chiral molecules with adjacent stereocenters, such as monosaccharides, a coordinated set of bond rotations can reverse th stereocenter.
b) For molecules with fourbr more stereocenters, the two epimers can interconvert by selected bond rotations
c) Rotation around bonds will not alter the chirality of a stereocenter )
d) A sing le rotation around each of two specific bonds of a stereocenter will alter the chirality at that stereocenter.

The answer is O II only.

I: Calculation errors would be considered a valid source of error in a laboratory experiment. If the calculations made during the experiment are incorrect, it can affect the accuracy of the results.

II: Inability to calibrate measuring devices would NOT be considered a valid source of error in a laboratory experiment. Calibrating measuring devices is an essential step in any experiment to ensure that the measurements being taken are accurate. If the measuring devices are not calibrated correctly, the results of the experiment will be invalid.

III: Using the wrong solution for a reaction would be considered a valid source of error in a laboratory experiment. If the wrong solution is used, the results of the experiment may not be accurate.

Therefore, II is the only option that would NOT be considered a valid source of error in a laboratory experiment.

The answer is O II only.

I: Calculation errors would be considered a valid source of error in a laboratory experiment. If the calculations made during the experiment are incorrect, it can affect the accuracy of the results.

II: Inability to calibrate measuring devices would NOT be considered a valid source of error in a laboratory experiment. Calibrating measuring devices is an essential step in any experiment to ensure that the measurements being taken are accurate. If the measuring devices are not calibrated correctly, the results of the experiment will be invalid.

III: Using the wrong solution for a reaction would be considered a valid source of error in a laboratory experiment. If the wrong solution is used, the results of the experiment may not be accurate.

Therefore, II is the only option that would NOT be considered a valid source of error in a laboratory experiment.

The energy of the wave can be obtained as 6.6 * 10^-16 J.

We know that the energy of a wave has to do with the energy that is possessed by the wave and we can be able to obtain this energy by the means of the equation of Max Plank.

We know that we have the following equation;

E = hf

h = Plank's constant

f = Frequency of the wave

Then we have;

E = 6.6 * 10^-34 Js * 1 * 10^18 Hz

E = 6.6 * 10^-16 J

The radio waves have an energy of about 6.6 * 10^-16 J.

Learn more about energy of a wave:https://brainly.com/question/9624826

#SPJ1

The food coloring would spread across all the papers at the end of the 30 minutes.

We know that diffusion does occur in all the states of matter whether solid, liquid or gas. We know the speed of the diffusion would depend on the particular kind of matter that is in question as we can see.

From the question, we have a food coloring which is liquid. The food coloring would eventually diffuse across the boundaries and get to all the papers that have been laid out as shown.

Hence, the food coloring can be said to spread by the principle of diffusion.

Learn more about diffusion:https://brainly.com/question/24746577

#SPJ1

Answer:

3.29 g

Explanation:

Ar has molar mass of 39.95 g/mol

so 0.0823 mole has mass of 0.0823 x 39.95 = 3.29 g

Answer:

hope this answer will help you.

Explanation:

As we know that

no. of moles=mass)/molecular mass

we can easily fing mass of Ar by multiplying no. of moles with molecular mass of Ar which is 39.948

0.0823×39.948=3.28g

so the mass of Ar in 0.0823moles is 3.287g

The molecule or ion that is being oxidized in the reaction is TeO2. Ceramics may occasionally be colored using tellurium dioxide.

TeO2 is soluble in strong acids, alkali metal hydroxides, and only very little water. Due to its amphoteric nature, it can operate as either an acid or a base depending on the solution it is in. It interacts with bases to form tellurites and acids to create tellurium salts.

Due to the presence of 6 e-pairs surrounding the center atom, 6 atoms bound to it, and 0 lone pairs, this molecule is octahedral.

To know more about telluric acid(TeO2) visit :-

brainly.com/question/29397392

#SPJ4

The complete question is:

A sample of ore containing the mineral tellurite, TeO2 , was dissolved in acid. The resulting solution was then

reacted with a solution of K2Cr2O7 to form telluric acid, H2TeO4 . The unbalanced chemical equation for the

reaction is given below.

. . . TeO2(s) + . . . Cr2O72−(aq) + . . . H+(aq) → . . . H2TeO4(aq) + . . . Cr3+(aq) + . . . H2O(l)

(a) Identify the molecule or ion that is being oxidized in the reaction.

Answer:

0.164 M

Explanation:

Molarity is defined as moles of solute per liter of solution.  In order to arrive at the desired units, dimensional analysis must be performed.

To find moles of sodium:

[tex]890\ mg\ Na(\frac{1\ g}{1000\ mg})(\frac{1\ mol\ Na}{22.99\ g\ Na})=0.0387\ mol\ Na[/tex]

To find liters of solution:

[tex]1\ cup(\frac{1\ qt}{4\ cups})(\frac{0.946\ L}{1\ qt})=0.2365\ L[/tex]

The ratio of sodium to solution can then be written as [tex]\frac{0.0387\ mol}{0.2365\ L}[/tex].  This can be simplified by dividing the numbers, [tex]0.164\frac{mol}{L}[/tex] or 0.164 M.

200 ml of water would be sufficient to dissolve 1.166g of milk of magnesia, mg(oh)2 (s) (58.3 g/mol).

It is a laxative (of the osmotic variety), and its mechanism of action is assumed to include pulling water into the intestines, which aids in causing bowel movement. The symptoms of having too much stomach acid, such as heartburn, an upset stomach, or indigestion, are also treated with this medicine.

MgCl2 +2NaOH→Mg(OH)2+2NaCl

moles of mg(oh)2 in 200ml of 58.3 M solution =  58.3 ∗200/10000.

​=1.166g

according to above equation, for 1 mole of MgCl2

we require 1 mole of NaOH

so, NaOH is a limiting reagent.

To know more about Magnesium visit:-

https://brainly.com/question/1533548

#SPJ4

Answer:

Explanation:

The most common way to solve this problem is to use the formula

c

1

V

1

=

c

2

V

2

In your problem,

c

1

= 4.2 mol/L;

V

1

= 45.0 mL

c

2

= ?;

V

2

= 250 mL

c

2

=

c

1

×

V

1

V

2

= 4.2 mol/L ×

45.0

mL

250

mL

= 0.76 mol/L

The statistical rule of thumb to determine an adequate sample size include the following: E. A statistical power level of 80 percent.

In Mathematics and Statistics, sampling can be defined as a process that is typically used for the collection or selection of data (physical objects, observations, or individuals) from a larger statistical population, especially by using specific procedures and processes.

In Mathematics and Statistics, a sample proportion can be defined as the proportion of individuals in a sample that have a specified characteristic or trait.

Mathematically, the sample proportion of a sample can be calculated by using this formula:

[tex]\hat{p} = \frac{x}{n}[/tex]

Where:

In Mathematics and Statistics, a statistical power level of 80 percent (80%) is a statistical rule of thumb that is generally used in determining an adequate sample size.

Read more on sample proportion here: brainly.com/question/23838641

#SPJ1

A gas is collected over water at a certain temperature, then the partial pressure of gas is calculated to be = 741 torr

The term "water vapor pressure" refers to the amount of water vapor present in any gas combination that is in equilibrium with either solid or liquid water. When the vapor pressure equals the atmospheric pressure, water begins to boil.

Given total pressure is 760 torr

Vapor pressure of water = 17 torr

As we know that, partial pressure of gas = total pressure - vapor pressure of water

= 760 - 17

Partial pressure of gas = 741 torr.

To know more about partial pressure, refer

https://brainly.com/question/14119417

#SPJ4

The reaction of cis-but-2-ene and trans-but-2-ene is a classic example of stereospecificity. It is important to note that this reaction yields predominantly or exclusively one of the constitutional isomers when more than one is possible, demonstrating that this reaction is stereospefic.

Stereospecificity is the phenomenon by which molecules react in such a way that the reaction products have the same orientation of their atoms in space as the reactants. This phenomenon is exhibited in the reaction of cis-but-2-ene and trans-but-2-ene, which yield different stereoisomers. This reaction is stereospecific because it yields predominantly or exclusively one of the constitutional isomers when more than one is possible.

Stereospecificity is an important property of organic reactions. It is of particular importance in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, where it is necessary to ensure that the final product is the desired stereoisomer. Stereospecificity also helps to make organic reactions more efficient, since the reaction will yield the desired product in a single step.

In the reaction of cis-but-2-ene and trans-but-2-ene, different reactions can occur depending on the orientation of the atoms in the reactants. When the double bond is oriented in the cis-configuration, a reaction can occur in which new carbons are introduced, yielding the cis-stereoisomer. On the other hand, when the double bond is oriented in the trans-configuration, a reaction can occur in which the atoms in the double bond rearrange, yielding the trans-stereoisomer.

Learn more about stereoisomers at : https://brainly.com/question/16986110

#SPJ4

Dalton’s atomic theory is the oldest theory about the atom. In 1808, John Dalton published his theory, which was composed of several postulates that were built based on his experiments and laws of chemical combination. A number of scientists later contributed to the development of modern atomic theory, which is different from Dalton’s atomic theory and has more advanced facts about the atom and its behavior. The key difference between Dalton’s Atomic Theory and Modern Atomic Theory is that the structure and properties of atom according to Dalton’s theory are different from the structure and properties proposed by the modern atomic theory.

Dalton’s atomic theory is a theory about indivisible particles called atoms which are the smallest particles of all matter. Modern atomic theory is the theory that explains the fully detailed structure of an atom.

According to Dalton’s atomic theory, atoms are indivisible particles. Modern atomic theory says that atoms are composed of subatomic particles; protons, electrons, and neutrons.

Dalton’s theory does not explain details about isotopes. It states that all atoms of the same element are identical. Modern atomic theory explains details about isotopes having a different number of neutrons and the same number of protons.

Dalton couldn’t give details about electrons. Modern atomic theory explains the location, reactions, and behavior of electrons.

Dalton’s atomic theory explains that atoms are the smallest particle that can be engaged in reactions. Modern atomic theory states that subatomic particles can participate in reactions.

A stronger bond is always created when the bond's enthalpy is higher since a stronger bond requires more energy to break.

Bonds are financial instruments in which a buyer loans money for a certain duration to a business or the government in return for periodical interest payments.

Between atoms or ions, a condensation reaction is a source of attraction. Atoms share or transmit their valence electrons, which results in bonds. The electrons that can be engaged in chemical reactions are known as valence electrons, which are located at the outermost energy level of the atom.

To know more about Bond visit:

https://brainly.com/question/10777799

#SPJ4

In the following reactions, NADH is converted to NAD+, FMN to FMNH2, Fe+2 to Fe+3, and CoQ to CoQH2.

When an electron is taken away from a molecule throughout a chemical reaction, the process is known as oxidation. What occurs during oxidation? There is an electron transfer during oxidation. In other words, there is an electron loss during oxidation.

The removal of electrons from the a material causes oxidation. Additionally, it is when a material gains oxygen. When magnesium combines with oxygen to generate magnesium oxide, for instance, it is oxidized: The compound magnesium oxide is created when magnesium and oxygen are combined.

To know more about oxidizes visit:

https://brainly.com/question/16976470

#SPJ4

Scientific theories explain why a phenomenon occurs and a scientific law explains what occurs. The correct option is A.

A scientific theory is an explanation for a phenomenon in the natural world or the universe that has undergone extensive testing and verification using approved procedures for observation, measurement, and result evaluation.

A scientific law often describes an observed phenomenon. It doesn't explain the phenomenon's existence or its origins.

A scientific theory is the explanation for a phenomenon. It is a myth that with enough study, theories can become laws.

Thus, the correct option is A.

For more details regarding scientific theory, visit:

https://brainly.com/question/17152046

#SPJ1

Nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, sulfurous acid and carbonic acid are the  weak acids. Hydrochloric acid and perchloric acid is a strong acid. This can be Written in the aqueous solution.

Nitrous acid is a weak acid and can be written in the aqueous solution as,

HNO2 (aq.) ----> H+ (aq.) + NO2- (aq.)

This is very unstable and exists only in aqueous solution.

Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid and can be written in the aqueous solution as,

HCl(aq.) ------> H+ (aq.) + Cl -(aq.)

perchloric acid  is a strong acid and can be written as

HClO4 (aq.) ---->   H+ (aq.) + ClO4- (aq.)

Phosphoric acid is a weak acid. It is a triprotic acid that exists as a dense liquid. It is an irritant or corrosive to the skin, eyes. It can be written in the aqueous solution as,

H3PO4 (aq.) ----> H+ (aq.) + H2PO4- (aq.)

sulfurous acid is a weak acid and can be written as,

H2SO3 (aq.) ----> H+ (aq.) + HSO3- (aq.)

carbonic acid is a weak acid. Carbonic acid is a carbon-containing compound which has the chemical formula H2CO3. This can be written in the aqueous solution as,

H2CO3 (aq.)  ----> H+ (aq.) + HCO3- (aq.)

To learn more about weak and strong acid please visit:

https://brainly.com/question/12811944

#SPJ4

Group 7 of the periodic table, usually referred to as the halogen group, exhibits a number of tendencies. Among these trends are:

Increasing atomic radius: The atomic radius of the elements rises as you descend the group. This is so because every element increases the size of the atom by adding a new electron shell.

Increasing electron affinity: As you proceed down the group, the electron affinities of the elements in group 7 likewise rise. The energy released when an atom picks up an electron to create a negative ion is known as electron affinity. The group 7 elements have a high electron affinity due to their high reactivity and propensity to gain electrons quickly.

Melting and boiling points dropping: As you travel down the group, the melting and boiling points of the elements in group 7 tend to do the same. Because of their greater size and the weaker forces that bind them, atoms are kept together less tightly.

Increasing reactivity: Fluorine is the most reactive element in the periodic table, and group 7 elements are all quite reactive. The responsiveness of the elements often reduces as you progress along the group. All of the elements in group 7 are still quite reactive, and they frequently combine with other elements to produce compounds.

Increasing atomic radius, increasing electron affinity, lowering melting and boiling temperatures, and raising reactivity are the main trends in group 7 of the periodic table. These patterns are brought on by the distinct characteristics of the elements in this group, which are governed by the quantity and configuration of electrons in their outer shells.

To learn more about the periodic table,

https://brainly.com/question/569321

https://brainly.in/question/6728806

Substances in which atoms are  held together by polar covalent bonding is b)CsCl.So,correct option is b.

Polar covalent bond is a kind of compound bond where one sets of electrons is shared unevenly between two molecules. For instance, Hydrogen chloride (HCl) particle. The holding of hydrogen and chlorine iotas inclines more towards Cl particles since Cl is more electronegative in nature than hydrogen

Since Cs has one unpair of electron and Cl has five unpair electron. So, both of elements are favorable for formation of covalent bond.

Properties of Polar Covalent Compound

Hence,correct option is B.

To know more about polar covalent bond, visit here:

https://brainly.com/question/28295508

#SPJ4

The closest packed formations always have six atoms in a plane surrounding each atom.

74% of the available space is effectively filled by the configuration in a cubic closest packing. The second layer of spheres is stacked on top of half of the first layer's depressions, much like in hexagonal closest packing.

Placing spheres in Cartesian space with their centers at integer coordinates is known as simple cubic packing. Face-centered cubic packing is achieved by layering closely packed spheres such that every third layer's spheres overlap one another.

To know more about atom visit:-

https://brainly.com/question/13654549

#SPJ4

The equation in which the enthalpy of formation is the same as the enthalpy of reaction is option A.

The term enthalpy has to do with the heat that is giving out or is absorbed in a reaction. We know that the enthalpy of formation would refer strictly to the heat that is given out or absorbed when a substances is formed from its constituents under standard conditions.

We know that when we are looking at the enthalpy of formation of a substance, we are looking at the way that the elements that make up the substance are able to combine and these elements that are becoming combined in the substance would have to do that under standard conditions so as to generate the equation of the enthalpy of formation of the substance.

Learn more about enthalpy:https://brainly.com/question/13996238

#SPJ1

A change in volume won't change the equilibrium position if the total moles of gas inside the reactants and products are the same.No change in the equilibrium position will result from the addition of an inert gas.When the volume is reduced, the process changes to create fewer moles or gas.

The equilibrium of a chemical reaction shifts in the opposite way to counteract a shift in pressure, temperature, or even the concentration or products or reactants when the reaction is at equilibrium.

As a result, response choice is the claim that a reversible reaction is true at dynamic equilibrium (E).The forward reaction rate is the same as the backward reaction rate.

To know more about equilibrium system  visit:

https://brainly.com/question/4289021

#SPJ4

Matter are anything that is made up of atoms. The quantity of matter can be observed only on the basis of mass and volume calculation. Thus option C is correct option.

Matter is a substance that has some mass and can occupy some volume. The matter is mainly used in science. Matter can be solid, liquid or gas.

Matter is anything that is made up of atoms. Anything around us that can be physically seen and touched are matter. Ice, water and water vapors are example of matter.

Giant planet atmospheres have layers of clouds and aerosols (tiny liquid droplets) made from different chemicals because different chemicals condense at different temperatures.

Therefore,  option C is correct option.

To learn more about matter, here:

https://brainly.com/question/4562319

#SPJ1

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Based on a ruler in centimeters, with ten divisions between each centimer mark, you will have marks at every 0.1 cm.

Then, the measure of the length of a metal rod should have 1 decimal place.

That decimal place means limiters, given that 1 mm = 0.1 cm.

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Based on a ruler in centimeters, with ten divisions between each centimer mark, you will have marks at every 0.1 cm.

Then, the measure of the length of a metal rod should have 1 decimal place.

That decimal place means limiters, given that 1 mm = 0.1 cm.

In joules, electrical energy could be quantified.Volts are used to measure electrical potential.

When referring to this attribute in relation to electrical applications, it is more frequently referred to as voltage. Voltage is a measurement of the energy that accompanies the transfer of charge.The unit of measurement for potentials is the volt (V), which is equal to one joule in energy for every coulomb of charge.

The potential differential between both the two electrodes of an electrochemical cell, which develops when electrons are transmitted through the open circuit of the a cell that has not yet reached equilibrium, is known as the cell potential.

To know more about electrical visit:

https://brainly.com/question/8971780

#SPJ4

The concentration terms are molality, normality and mole fraction. Molarity can be used to find out the ionic strength of any solution. Therefore, 0.050moles of sodium hypobromite (NaBrO) should be added to 1.00 L of 0.050 M hypobromous acid (HBrO) to form a buffer solution of pH 9.15

Molarity can be calculated by dividing number of moles of solute by volume of solution in litre. Molarity is affected by temperature. Its unit is mole/liter. It measure the concentration of any solute in a solution.

Mathematically,

Molarity= number of moles of solute/volume of solution in litre

Where,

moles= ?

volume= 1.00 L

Molarity=0.050 M

Substituting values in equation, we get

0.050=number of moles of solute/1.00

number of moles of solute=0.050moles

Therefore, 0.050moles  of sodium hypobromite (NaBrO) should be added to 1.00 L of 0.050 M hypobromous acid (HBrO) to form a buffer solution of pH 9.15

Learn more about Molarity, here:

https://brainly.com/question/16727614

#SPJ1

In studying the influence of environmental pH on peroxidase activity, researchers can repeat the experiment without guaiacol, which will reveal the effect of guaiacol on reaction rates.

One of the investigators' proposal to use oxygen gas production to measure reaction rates leads to a change in the dependent variable.

In the first experiment the dependent variable was the volume of guaiacol and in the second experiment the dependent variable will be oxygen production.

Learn more about experiments at https://brainly.com/question/30055326

#SPJ4

The abbreviated electron configuration for Al2+ is [Ne]3s2 3p1

since Al has 13 electrons :  [Ne]3s2 3p1

Al2+ means it has lost 2 electrons to become :  [Ne]3s1

Electronic configurations in chemistry can be describe as the way each electron move independently in an orbital, in an average field created by all other orbitals. which also means  the arrangement of electrons in orbitals around an atomic nucleus.

An electron in simple term is a negatively charged subatomic particle that binds together with protons and neutrons  to form an atom's nucleus. it can also be seen as a tiny particle of matter that is smaller than an atom and has a negative electrical charge in it.

learn more about electron configuration here:

brainly.com/question/26084288

#SPJ1

Directly inversely correlated are the following quantities: pressure and absolute temperature, volume and moles, volume and absolute temperature, and density and molar mass. Volume and pressure are inversely correlated.

A substance's molar mass is defined as its molecular weight in grams. By adding the molar masses of a substance's constituent atoms, as demonstrated in this video, we may get the substance's molar mass. Then, to convert between mass and the quantity of moles of the material, we may utilize the computed molar mass.

The sum of all the atoms' individual masses in grams that make up a mole of a certain molecule is known as the molar mass, sometimes referred to as molecular weight.

To know more about Molar mass visit:

https://brainly.com/question/22997914

#SPJ4

The change in the internal energy of a gaseous system that absorbs 21 J of heat and does 8.0 J of work by expanding is 13 J

Energy can only be transformed; it cannot be created or destroyed, according to the First Law of Thermodynamics. For any system, energy transfer examples include mass crossing the control border, external work, or heat transfer over the barrier. The vigor and vitality required for ongoing physical or mental activity is referred to as energy. Heat is the transfer of kinetic energy between two substances, or from an energy source to a material or object. Any action that needs both mental and physical effort to achieve a goal or result is considered work.

ΔE˭q˖w

q= heat added or lost from system

w= work done by system or on system

q is negative when heat is lost

w is negative when a system affects its environment

here, q˭21 and w˭8

ΔE˭21˖(˗8)

ΔE˭13 J

To know more about mass visit:

https://brainly.com/question/19694949

#SPJ1

Explanation:

An oxygen tank can never be half empty. Since the amount of space between the gas particles matches the volume of its container, they would take up all the space in the tank. In this case, the gas particles would spread throughout the tank.