The first step in the replication of DNA is catalyzed by the enzyme DNA helicase. The primary action of this enzyme is to unwind the section of the double-stranded DNA that will be replicated.
Helicases are a type of enzyme that is regarded to be essential to all life. Their primary role is to unpack the genetic material of an organism. Helicases are motor proteins that use ATP hydrolysis to travel directionally along a nucleic acid phosphodiester backbone, separating two hybridized nucleic acid strands.
DNA helicases catalyze the dissolution of the hydrogen bonds that connect the two strands of double-stranded DNA. This energy-demanding unwinding reaction produces single-stranded DNA, which is used as a template or reaction intermediate in DNA replication, repair, and recombination.
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which of the following does not occur in prokaryotic gene expression, but does occur in eukaryotic gene expression?
A cap is added to the 5' end of the mRNA doesn't occur in prokaryotic gene expression, but does occur in eukaryotic gene expression.
How does a gene codes for a functional protein in a cell?The process of а gene codes for а functionаl protein in а cell occurs in both prokаryotic аnd eukаryotic cells, just in slightly different mаnners.
Prokаryotic gene expression is primаrily controlled аt the level of trаnscription. Eukаryotic gene expression is controlled аt the levels of epigenetics, trаnscription, post-trаnscription, trаnslаtion, аnd post-trаnslаtion. Prokаryotic gene expression (both trаnscription аnd trаnslаtion) occurs within the cytoplаsm of а cell due to the lаck of а defined nucleus; thus, the DNА is freely locаted within the cytoplаsm. Eukаryotic gene expression occurs in both the nucleus (trаnscription) аnd cytoplаsm (trаnslаtion).
Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full options were
A) mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA are transcribed.
B) RNA polymerase binds to the promoter.
C) A cap is added to the 5' end of the mRNA.
D) RNA polymerase requires a primer to elongate the molecule.
Thus, the correct answer is C.
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Proteins can recognize specific base pair sequences in DNA without unwinding the double helix by interacting with the ______ of the helix.
Proteins can recognize specific base pair sequences in DNA without unwinding the double helix by interacting with the major groove of the helix.
Deoxyribonucleic acid is a polymer composed of polynucleotide chains that coil spherically each one-of-a-kind to form a double helix. The polymer includes genetic instructions for the development, functioning, boom, and replica of all seemed organisms and lots of viruses.
In all dwelling things, DNA is vital for an inheritance, coding for proteins, and offering instructions for life and its tactics. Human cells commonly consist of 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a complete forty-six chromosomes in every cell.
Mitochondria are structures within cells that convert the power from meals right into a shape that cells can use.
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where the carbon atoms of acetyl coa end up and where the energy that was stored in acetyl coa ends up. krebs cycle
Since each glucose molecule produces two acetyl-CoA molecules, the Krebs cycle must be completed twice to produce the four CO2, six NADH, two FADH2, and two ATPs.
Catabolic reactions occur within cells during cellular respiration. It is a biochemical process by which waste materials are removed and nutrients are broken down to generate energy, which is then stored in the form of ATP. The process of aerobic respiration needs oxygen.The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle, is the last step of oxidation for amino acids, lipids, and glucose.Other than glucose, many animals rely on other substances for energy.Protein's metabolic byproduct, amino acids, are deaminated and converted to pyruvate and other Krebs cycle intermediates.They begin the cycle and are broken down, for example. On deamination, alanine turns into pyruvate, glutamate into -ketoglutarate, and aspartate into oxaloacetate.Acetyl CoA is created when fatty acids are -oxidized and enters the Krebs cycle. It is the primary mechanism through which cells produce ATP. Complete nutrient oxidation results in the production of a significant amount of energy.To know more about glucose check the below link:
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3.07 anatomy and physiology endocrine system
how to I don't know hehehe ans = 89
what are some phenotypes found in turkeys that might help protect them from their predator
A Phenotype is a set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment. So some phenotypes a turkey can use to protect himself are
turkeys may kick with their legs, using the spurs on their back of the legs as a weapon, bite with their beak and ram with their relatively large bodies and may be able to deter predators up to the size of mid-sized mammals.
1. Name two things found in a plant cell that are not found in an animal cell:
2. How does the shape of a plant cell differ from that of an animal cell?
3. What is the function of the chloroplasts?
4. What is the function of the vacuole?
Answer:
1) Chloroplasts and Cell Wall
2) Plant cells typically have a rectangular or cube-shaped form, with a rigid cell wall on the exterior. Animal cells, on the other hand, tend to be round and lack a cell wall. Furthermore, plant cells contain chloroplasts, which are not present in animal cells.
3) Chloroplasts are the places within plants where photosynthesis takes place, where light energy is used to turn carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and sugar. Additionally, chloroplasts are responsible for the creation of food in plants through the process of photosynthesis.
4) The vacuole is an organelle located in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that is enclosed by a membrane. Its main purpose is to store water and other molecules like proteins, carbohydrates, and ions. This organelle contributes to cell shape and turgor pressure, as well as regulating metabolism. Furthermore, vacuoles are involved in the digestion and recycling of cellular debris.
Chemical energy derived from the fixation of carbon by photosynthesis and chemosynthesis is known as _______ production
a. net
b. gross
c. secondary
d. primary
e. carbon
Chemical energy derived from the fixation of carbon by photosynthesis and chemosynthesis is known as carbon production.
Option e is correct
Which trophic level in the majority of ecosystems produces the most dead organic matter?Autotrophs, or primary producers, make up the first trophic level. From sunlight or inorganic chemical substances, autotrophs produce chemical energy. The majority of the dead organic matter produced by an ecosystem occurs at this level.
Which environment typically has the highest species diversity per unit of area?Tropical habitats have the highest species richness. One of the most ecologically varied ecosystems on Earth is found in tropical rain forests, which are found on land, and coral reefs, which are found in marine systems.
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based on the information in this animation, select the organisms that would utilize this ormonal pathway more often.
a. kangaroo rat which inhabits the arid regions of western North America b. river otters in northern North America c. the Dromedary camel of the Middle East d. the manatee from the Caribbean
A0 Kangaroo rat which inhabits the arid regions of western North America would utilize this hormonal pathway more often.
The kangaroo rat inhabits arid regions, so it would likely make use of this hormonal pathway more often than other animals. This is because the arid environment that the kangaroo rat inhabits requires it to conserve water and obtain enough energy to survive.
The hormones released in this pathway help the kangaroo rat regulate its water balance and metabolism, allowing it to survive in such an environment.
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What is the relationship between the components of TLC (total lung capacity)?
Answer:
The total lung capacity (TLC) is the maximal volume of gas in the lungs after a maximal inhalation; thus it is the sum of the RV, ERV, VT, and IRV. TLC is approximately 6 L for a healthy 70-kg adult. The vital capacity (VC) is the maximal volume of gas exhaled during a forced exhalation after a forced inhalation.
This relationship calculates as the total lung capacity equaling the sum of functional residual capacity and the inspiratory capacity or as the equation: TLC = FRC + IC. The FRC is only measurable by plethysmography, nitrogen gas washout, or helium gas dilution methods, or using computed tomography (CT).
Explanation:
What is the best and worst part of being a girl?
Answer:
It depends
Explanation:
This can be a very opinionated question. Personally,
Worst:
Not viewed equal as men
Seen as an object
Menstruation can be difficult to deal with
Best:
We have the ability to create children inside our bodies
We have a great community of strong women, we prove ourselves worthy
We have certain advantages that men don't
Like I said, this is my opinion, and it honestly just depends.
Im sure almost all women would come up with different answers.
The endocrine glands located above each kidney (divided into 2 portions called the medulla "marrow-like" and the cortex "bark-like") are the:
tonsil glands
lymph gland
adrenal glands
ovary glands
Answer:adrenal
Explanation:it is correct
During a flame test, ions of a specific metal are heated in the flame of a gas burner. A characteristic color of light is emitted by these ions in the flame. How is it produced? (use words: electron, ground state, excited state)
Mention the name of four groups of important pathogenic E. coli? Can TBX medium be used to recover all types of nonpathogenic and pathogenic E. coli? Support your answer by giving an example.
The four groups of pathogenic E.coli are enteropathogenic, enterotoxigenic, verocytotoxigenic and enteroinvasive groups. These groups can best be isolated and recoved through luria broth.
What is Escherichia coli?The pathogenic E. coli or Escherichia coli serotypes are grouped on the basis of their mechanism of causing symptoms in humans. The six groups of pathogenic E.coli are enteropathogenic, enterotoxigenic, verocytotoxigenic, enteroinvasive, enteroaggregative and diffusely adherent E. coli.
Luria broth (LB) is one of the most commonly used growth medium for E. coli. It promotes fast growth of the organism and also provides good plasmid yields, making it an excellent choice for most laboratory applications, especially the small-scale plasmid preps.
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In mice, the allele for gray fur (G) is dominant to the allele for brown fur (g). The allele (L) for long tail is dominant to the allele (l) for short tail. A cross is made between two mice that are heterozygous for gray and long tail. What is the expected phenotype ratio of the offspring?
Answer:
Explanation:
In this cross, the two parent mice are heterozygous for both the fur and tail traits, which means that they have the genotypes GgLl. The offspring of this cross will have a 1/4 chance of inheriting a GgLl genotype, a 1/4 chance of inheriting a Ggll genotype, a 1/4 chance of inheriting a ggLl genotype, and a 1/4 chance of inheriting a ggll genotype.
The expected phenotype ratio of the offspring will depend on which traits are dominant and which are recessive. In this case, the G allele is dominant and the g allele is recessive for the fur trait, and the L allele is dominant and the l allele is recessive for the tail trait. Therefore, the expected phenotype ratio of the offspring will be as follows:
Phenotype Ratio
Gray, long tail: 1/4
Gray, short tail: 1/4
Brown, long tail: 1/4
Brown, short tail: 1/4
This means that the expected phenotype ratio of the offspring is 1:1:1:1, or a 1:1 ratio of gray to brown fur and a 1:1 ratio of long to short tails.
A forest was studied for decades after a fire that destroyed a 45-hectare area. The abundance of three plant species was measured and recorded over the course of this study. Which explanation describes the changes in population size for species I, II, and III over the course of the experiment?
A)Species I requires high light conditions. Species II and II eventually outcompeted species I for light.
B)Species II and III require deeper soil for their root structures to grow, while species I requires no soil to germinate.
C)Species I requires drier conditions that are found after the fire while species II and II require high periods of rainfall.
D)Species I requires pollinators to migrate into the area in order to facilitate its reproduction while species II and III reproduce in the absence of pollinators.
In some circumstances, the extinction of a native species or the introduction of a non-native species can endanger the existence of other organisms. Because of this, the preservation of endangered species and the management of invasive species are major issues.
How does an ecosystem's carrying capacity depend on its biotic and abiotic limiting elements?Carrying capacity is established by limiting variables. The number of species that may coexist in an environment depends on the availability of both abiotic (such as water, oxygen, and space) and biotic (such as food) variables.
What is a good illustration of an animal community?In biology, a community is a group of interacting species from different species that share a shared habitat. As an illustration, consider a forest with rooted plants and trees that is home to various wildlife.
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The below are characteristics of prokaryotes except
No membrane-enclosed nucleus
Complex cellular structure
Mostly not harmful
Smaller than eukaryotes
Abundant in nature
Witch statement describes the term economics
Answer:
Which statement best defines the term economics?
Explanation:
Economics is the study of the production and distribution of goods and services.
which of the following statements best represents the relationships between the light reactions and the calvin cycle?
The Calvin cycle utilizes the products of the light reactions, which include carbon dioxide, ATP, or NADPH.
What connection does the Calvin cycle have with light reactions?The Calvin cycle uses CO2 from the light reactions to make sugars, and the light reactions use the sugars from the Calvin cycle to make ATP.
Which one of the following statements most accurately sums up the interaction between the Calvin cycle as well as the light response of photosynthesis?Which of the following statements most accurately sums up how the Fermentation process and the light reactions of photosynthesis interact? For the purpose of igniting electron during the light reactions, the Calvin cycle produces ATP and NADPH.
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What increases an organism's chance of
survival in its particular environment?
A. random mutations
B. other organisms that migrate into their population
C. adaptations this is the answer
Evolutionary response, or simply adaptation, is the process through which organisms change to their surroundings to improve their chances of survival in those surroundings.
What colloquial names do organisms go by?
The root for the taxon or organism, which is often referred to in biology as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, country name, popular name, or farmer's name, is commonly contrasted with the Latinized scientifically known for the same thing.
How many types of organisms are there?
The number of plant and animal species is estimated to be around 8.7 million by scientists. The majority of the 1.2 million species that have identified and described thus far are insects.
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The African savanna elephant (Loxodonta africana) is one of the largest mammals in the African savanna. Understanding evolutionary history helps scientists gain knowledge of how organisms interact with the environment.
Analyze the phylogenetic tree to explain the evolution of the African savanna elephant
(Loxodonta africana).
African forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis) and African bush elephants (Loxodonta africana) are both members of the same genus.
The African savanna is where?
The Savanna Biome, which makes about 46% of southern Africa's total land and more than one-third of South Africa, is the biggest biome there. In addition to being the predominant vegetation in Botswana, Namibia, and Zimbabwe, it is well developed throughout South Africa's lowveld and Kalahari region.
What is the savanna of Africa renowned for?
Tropical grassland with warm temperatures all year round and irregular rainfall makes up the African savanna environment. A complex food web is formed by the interactions of a diverse variety of species in the savanna, which is characterized by grasses and small or dispersed trees.
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Describe how a product of photosynthesis can be used to synthesize amino acids
GUYSS PLSSS PLSSS I BEG ANYONE PLS HELP ME WITH THIS QUESTION ASAP I NEED AN ANSWER ASAP ASAP PLS PLS OMGGG
Answer:
Explanation:
Oxygen is a major product of photosynthesis. Oxygen fuels aerobic processes, which is required to synthesize amino acids.
Apply the 10% rule
1.Transfer each set of food chains leading to an APEX into an energy pyramid.
2. Apply the numbers given to your period to each level.
3. Transfer the energy converted.
Because nothing can consume it, the tiger is referred to as "the pinnacle of the food chain."
Describe the food chain.A food web is made up of all the food networks in one ecosystem. Each living thing in an ecosystem is a link in one of the many diverse food chains that exist there. A potential path for nutrients and energy to move through the ecosystem is provided by each food chain.The idea of the food web is crucial for comprehending the dynamics of energy transmission in an ecosystem. The interactions between species within a community as well as the structure of the community are shown, along with the feeding relationships between species.Predators like this eat, etc. Every victim, node in the sink web, meal consumed by the prey, etc.For more information on food chain kindly visit to
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Mr. Barney was teaching his Biology class about cellular energy and put this equation on the board
Which process is Mr. Barney most likely about to start teaching?
A
fermentation
B
transpiration
C
cellular respiration
D
photosynthesis
Answer:
d) photosynthesis
What correction should be made to the following sentence? "For parents, it is a challenge to recognize and keep a balanced perspective on they're
teenager's emotional roller coaster ride."
a. change parents, to parent's
b. change and keep to to keep
c. change they're to their
d. change teenager's to teenagers
e. no correction is necessary
Answer:
c
Explanation:
They're is an adjective describing a group of people, while their is possessive, and refers to the parents' teenager.
hope this helps!!! :3
Some organisms are more
suited to their environment.
These organisms are more
likely to survive and reproduce.
What can we say about these
organisms?
They are less adapted to their environment.
They have a higher fitness. This is answer
Answer: higher fitness
Explanation:
Answer: They have a higher fitness.
Explanation:
If embryo development were arrested at the stage when the first three body segments were forming, which of the following events would fail to occur? Choose one or more: A. migration of pole cells toward the anterior side B. movement of the tail toward the ventral side C. formation of the abdomen segments D. development of a crest that separates the region that will become the head, mouth parts, and foregut from the rest of the embryo
The formation of a crest dividing the embryo's resting zone from the region that will eventually become the foregut, mouth, and head.
What distinguishing characteristics of Drosophila embryo development?A syncytial blastoderm with around 6000 nuclei forms before the cellular blastoderm during the early stages of Drosophila embryogenesis after the embryo passes through 13 rounds of fast, coordinated nuclear division cycles in a shared cytoplasm.
How long does it take a Drosophila embryo to develop?Figure 21–24 depicts an overview of the Drosophila development timeline from egg to adult. Embryonic development starts at fertilization and lasts for about a day, after which the embryo emerges from the egg to become a larva.
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2.
Which of the following is NOT a type of virus?
a. Bacteriophage
b. Lysogenic
c. Dinoflagellate
d. Retrovirus
Answer:
The lysogenic cycle, or non-virulent infection, involves the virus assimilating its genome with the host cell's genome to achieve replication without killing the host.
Explanation:
letter C
Answer:
option c
Explanation:
The Dinoflagellate are a monophyletic group of single-celled eukaryotes constituting the phylum dinoflagellata and are usually considered algae
example: Peridinium, Prorocentrum, and Dinophysis.
The data suggest that Baikal seals can sustain much longer dives than emperor penguins propose a hypothesis that could explain the evolution of different dive responses in emperor penguins and baikal seals
The suggested hypothesis is that fermentation may be to blame for the rise in lactate levels.
What are the different capacities a bacteria will have?Bacteria with the capacity to utilize a variety of carbohydrate sources create lactic acid through the fermentation process. The primary bacteria utilised to create lactic acid are lactic acid bacteria, and among these, Lactobacillus spp. have demonstrated intriguing fermentation abilities.
Lactic acid fermentation was a consequence of a deficiency in oxygen inside the muscle cells. This is because oxygen is required by the cell as a terminal electron acceptor in order to make ATP.
Therefore, The suggested hypothesis is that fermentation may be to blame for the rise in lactate levels.
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Operon vocabulary
Can you match terms related to operons to their definitions?
Drag the terms on the left to the appropriate blanks on the right to complete the sentences.
1. A(n) operonis a stretch of DNA consisting of an operator, a promoter, and genes for a related set of proteins, usually making up an entire metabolic pathway.
2. Thegenes of an operonis/are arranged sequentially after the promoter.
3. A(n) promoter is a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA that binds RNA polymerase, positioning it to start transcribing RNA at the appropriate place.
4. A(n) regulatory genecodes for a protein, such as a repressor, that controls the transcription of another gene or group of genes.
5. Regulatory proteins bind to the operatorto control expression of the operon.
6. A(n) repressoris a protein that inhibits gene transcription. In prokaryotes, this protein binds to the DNA in or near the promoter.
7. A(n) inducer is a specific small molecule that binds to a bacterial regulatory protein and changes its shape so that it cannot bind to an operator, thus switching an operon on.
A(n) operon is a stretch of DNA consisting of an operator, a promoter, and genes for a related set of proteins, usually making up an entire metabolic pathway.
Is a stretch of DNA consisting of an operator a promoter and genes?An operon refers to a unit of DNA which is made up of connected genes that regulate a particular protein synthesis. Operons are found in prokaryotes, eukaryotes and viruses. Operon allows the protein synthesis in these organisms to be controlled coordinately in response to the needs of the cell. Proteins are produced only when they are needed, thus the operon helps the cell to conserve energy. An example of a well studied operon is the Lac operon of E. coli. A(n) regulatory gene codes for a protein, such as a repressor, that controls the transcription of another gene or group of genes.Regulatory proteins bind to the operator to control expression of the operon.A(n) repressors a protein that inhibits gene transcription. In prokaryotes, this protein binds to the DNA in or near the promoter. A(n) inducer is a specific small molecule that binds to a bacterial regulatory protein and changes its shape so that it cannot bind to an operator, thus switching an operon on.An inducer is a molecule that regulates gene expression by binding to repressors or activators: prevents the repressor from binding to the operator or helps activator binding to DNA.To learn more about metabolic pathway refer to:
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Which of the following are characteristics of prokaryotic DNA replication? Select all that apply.
Replication origins look like bubbles
DNA circular in nature
Unwinds in one area
One replication origin
Replicates in nucleus
Replicates in cytoplasm
DNA linear in nature
Unwinds in multiple areas
Occurs in two directions