The DNA content of this same cell at metaphase of meiosis will be 2y.
In sexually reproducing organisms, meiosis is a kind of cell division that results in a reduction in the number of chromosomes in gametes (the sex cells, or egg and sperm). Body (or somatic) cells in humans are diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes (one from each parent).
Each bivalent's two chromosomes separate from one another and migrate to the spindle's opposite pole during anaphase-1. Each pole has a haploid number of chromosomes after anaphase I. Therefore, at metaphase-1, the cell's DNA content will have doubled.
Therefore, each chromosome (or chromatid pair) will contain two double-stranded DNA molecules during mitosis' metaphase.
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why do memory cells respond more strongly during a secondary immune response than naive lymphocytes do in a primary immune response?
Memory cells respond more strongly during a secondary immune response than naive lymphocytes do in a primary immune response they have already gone through clonal selection and proliferation when antigen was encountered previously.
Immunological memory is a completely unique belongings of the immune system as it may “keep” facts approximately a stimulus and may mount an powerful reaction when the stimulus is encountered once more. This response – a secondary immune reaction – is faster and stronger than the primary reaction.
In immunology, a memory B mobile (MBC) is a form of B lymphocyte that forms part of the adaptive immune device. these cells expand inside germinal facilities of the secondary lymphoid organs. reminiscence B cells flow into in the blood flow in a quiescent nation, sometimes for decades.
however, a small part of lengthy-lived T cells nonetheless remains for rapid response upon pathogen re-publicity. This type of cells is called memory T cells. because memory T cells were skilled to apprehend specific antigens, they may cause a quicker and stronger immune reaction after encountering the identical antigen.
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the physiological and behavioral effects of amphetamine are most similar to those of:
what is the name of the hormone producing cells in the middle of this endocrine organ, indicated by the arrow?
Answer:
Pituitary. The pituitary gland is located below the brain. Usually no larger than a pea, the gland controls many functions of the other endocrine glands.
Explanation:
You didnt include the image with the arrow so im not sure
Cells that develop into neurons and glia originate in the
a. ventricular zone.
b. radial glia.
c. forebrain.
d. spinal cord.
Cells that develop into neurons and glia originate in the ventricular zone.
Ventricular zone (VZ) is a transient embryonic layer of tissue containing neural stem cells, mainly radial glial cells, of the central nervous system (CNS).
Ventricular zone gives rise to neuroblasts and globalists (future supporting cells) which migrate into the intermediate zone form two collections of cells separated by a groove called the sulcus limitans. Ventricular system of the brain functions to enhance support to surrounding tissues having cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which are produced in the choroid plexus tissue lining many of the ventricles.
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Which of the following does not contribute to the rate of weathering?
climate
fossils
rock type
mineral composition
Answer:
It's rock type..............
kirima is a native eskimo who lives in one of the coldest regions in the world. what type of adipose tissue is most effective at helping her to maintain warm body temperatures during the coldest parts of the year?
Brown fat, also known as brown adipose tissue, is a type of body fat that keeps you warm in the winter. Brown fat also stores energy and aids in calorie burn.
What is Brown fat ?Brown fat, also known as brown adipose tissue, is a type of body fat that activates when you are cold. Brown fat generates heat, which helps to keep your body temperature stable in cold weather. Brown fat has far more mitochondria than white fat.
Brown fat burns calories by producing heat just before your body begins to shiver. It also aids in the regulation of sugar and fat metabolism.
Turmeric, green tea, chilli peppers, fish oil, resveratrol, berberine, and cinnamon are examples of brown fat foods and compounds that increase activity or induce the browning of white fat. Cold exposure and moderate exercise are two other ways to activate brown fat.
Exposing your body to cool, even cold, temperatures may aid in the recruitment of more brown fat cells. According to some studies, just 2 hours of daily exposure to temperatures around 66°F (19°C) may be enough to turn recruitable fat brown. Consider taking a cold shower or an ice bath.
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Two powerful adductor muscles Hold the shells of a clam together. Humans have trouble opening a live clam, yet a sea star can pull them apart. How do they do this
Answer: because they have many little arms with powerful suction.
Explanation:
sea stars have many little suction tubes with extreme power all around their body and they use them to rip open the clam.
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organisms, such as algae and bacteria, that drift with ocean currents are known as . group of answer choices benthos organisms none of these nekton plankton biomass previousnext
Organisms, such as algae and bacteria, that drift with ocean currents are known to be Plankton.
So, the correct option is D.
Organisms transported by tides and currents are known as plankton or marine drifters. The word "plankton" is derived from the Greek word meaning "wanderer" or "drifter." If an organism is transported by currents and tides but is unable to swim well enough to resist these forces, it is referred to as plankton.
Numerous aquatic food webs are built on phytoplankton. They provide food for a variety of aquatic animals in a healthy habitat. In that they have chlorophyll and need sunlight to survive and develop, phytoplankton often referred to as microalgae, are like terrestrial plants in this regard. Drift is the name given to the slow-moving ocean current. They are impacted by wind belts and atmospheric circulation.
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An organism’s traits are determined by the specific combination of inherited _____.
An organism’s traits are determined by the specific combination of inherited genes.
Traits are characteristics or attributes of an organism that might be expressed by means of genes and/or prompted by way of the surroundings. trends include bodily attributes of an organism along with hair color, leaf form, size, and so forth., and behavioral traits, inclusive of birds nesting.
A trait, as related to genetics, is a specific feature of a man or woman. traits may be determined by genes, environmental factors, or by means of an aggregate of each. traits can be qualitative (together with eyeshade) or quantitative (inclusive of peak or blood pressure).
Traits are characteristics or attributes of an organism that might be expressed by genes and/or motivated by the surroundings. traits encompass physical attributes of an organism consisting of hair color, leaf form, size, and many others., and behavioral characteristics, which include chicken nesting.
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On bacteria how are pilus and flagella different and similar?
Flagella are helical appendages that protrude through the cell membrane and are long and whip-like. Pili are hollow filamentous extensions that emerge from the cell's surface.
Flagella are whip-like and pili are hair-like. Flagella are extended from the interior cell body while pili extend from the cell surface. pili are mostly found in bacteria.
The pilus is a hair-like structure associated with bacterial adhesion and related to bacterial colonization and infection.
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Hemizygosity would most likely be associated with which of the following?
a. Sex linked inheritance
b. Incomplete Dominance
c. Trihybrid crosses
d. Sex inherited inheritance
e. Dihybrid crosses
Answer:
A. Sex linked inheritance
Explanation:
a human cell placed into a hypertonic solution is likely to a human cell placed into a hypertonic solution is likely to lose water by osmosis. burst as a result of osmosis. remain unchanged. increase in size.
A cell placed into a hypertonic solution will shrivel and die by a process known as plasmolysis.
What is hypertonic solution?A hypertonic solution is defined as any external solution with a high solute content but a low water concentration as compared to bodily fluids. The net movement of water in a hypertonic solution is out of the body and into the solution. If the solute concentration outside the cell is lower than the concentration inside the cell, the solution is hypotonic to the cell. If the concentration of solutes in the solution is greater than that inside the cell, the solution is hypertonic to the cell. The influx of water entering the cell causes the cell to increase volume and expand.
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Nearly all stimuli destined for the cerebral cortex must first pass through the ________.
Nearly all stimuli destined for the cerebral cortex must first pass through the thalamus.
The outer layer of the brain is the cerebral cortex. Its surface has many folds, giving it a rumpled look. The folds are made up of many deep grooves called sulci and raised areas called gyri.
The cerebral cortex is made from 4 lobes: frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe.
The main function of the cerebrum is to control the voluntary muscle movements of the body. The cerebral cortex is primarily involved in consciousness.
The thalamus is an egg-fashioned shape withinside the middle of the brain. It is known as the relay station for all incoming motor (movement) and sensory information (auditory, gustatory, visual, and tactile (but not olfactory).
The thalamus is a small structure in the brain just above the brainstem, between the cerebral cortex and midbrain, and has extensive neural connections to both. The principal characteristic of the thalamus is to transmit motor and sensory alerts to the cerebral cortex.
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which part of the flower is labeled with an x
Answer:
Ovary
Explanation:
The ovary is a pair of female type glands in which the eggs start form and the female hormone's estrogen and progesterone are made produced.
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How does the probability of an earthquake occurring evolve with time, in between two different earthquakes?.
The factors that determine the likelihood of an earthquake are history, strain accumulation, and the rate at which strain accumulates in a rock.
An earthquake occurs when two blocks of earth suddenly slip past each other. The fault or fault plane is the surface where they slip. Earthquakes are caused by sudden movement along fault lines within the Earth. The movement releases accumulated 'elastic strain' energy in the form of seismic waves, which travel through the Earth and cause the ground to shake.
Within the next 30 years, there is a 60% chance of an earthquake measuring magnitude 6.7, a 46% chance of an earthquake measuring magnitude 7, and a 31% chance of an earthquake measuring magnitude 7.5. A transform boundary causes a fault between two lithosphere plates, which slide past one another. This motion neither creates nor destroys crust and will result in earthquakes but no volcanoes.
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This model shows a strand of dna. Identify how information for specifying the traits of an organism is carried in the dna.
The nitrogen bases in DNA serve as a code for the order of amino acids that make up proteins, demonstrating that the DNA contains information describing the characteristics of an organism.
How does DNA carry information for describing an organism's characteristics?DNA stores genetic information in a linear arrangement of nucleotides. The two complementary strands of nucleotides in each DNA molecule are held together to form a double helix by a hydrogen bond between the G-C and A-T base pairs.
What part of DNA influences an organism's traits?Gene. a section of the DNA molecule (a series of nucleotides) responsible for encoding a certain protein and determining an individual's phenotypic characteristics. The fundamental building block of heredity in a living thing is a gene.
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Plants are adapted to life on land. Can you identify the function of each adaptation? Pollen, Egg, Vascular System, Cuticle,
Leaves, Lignin, Shoot System
The requirements of life on land over time fostered the development of plants that were more tolerant to the sun's withering rays, better at conserving water, as well as able to reproduce without it.
A water-repellent integument, stomata to control water evaporation, specialized cells that can provide strength and rigidity against gravity, structure and firm to collect sunlight, variation of haploid as well as diploid generations, as well as sexual organs are just a few of the structures that plants have developed to adjust to life on land.
An important part of reducing the unavoidable effects of climate change at local as well as regional levels is the adaptability of land-use patterns; one example would be the adaptation of watershed land-use patterns to lessen the effects of climate change on such a region's hydrology.
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the frequency of crossing over between any two linked genes will be which of the following? a. proportional to the distance between them b. higher if they are recessive c. higher if they are dominant d. the same as if they were not linked
Any two connected genes will cross over more frequently in proportion to their distance from one another.
What is the highest frequency of recombination between two genes in terms of percentage?Therefore, the maximum recombination frequency that can be seen is 50%, which is a sign of either loci on distinct chromosomes or loci that are far distant from one another on the same chromosome.
Is recombination always 50% of the time?The frequency of recombination is particularly low when genes on a chromosome are near to one another. Recombination occurs 50% of the time when genes are spread out across two or more chromosomes.
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How does osmosis occur. Explain.
Answer:
Osmosis is the movement of water from areas of high concentrations to lower concentrations across a semi permeable membrane. It occurs over these membranes in cells of the body alllowing water to move into and out of them. Due to this nature the cell membrane is described as being partially (or selectively) permeable. Osmosis is a special kind of diffusion involving water molecules. It occurs when two solutions are separated by a partially permeable membrane.
Explanation:
Answer:
Osmosis occurs when you have membrane with unequal concentrations of water molecules on either side. Water molecules will diffuse across the membrane until equilibrium is reached.
Explanation:
A woman was born in 1916, but she just celebrated her 26th birthday in 2020. Explain how this is possible using just two words.
The year 1916 was a leap year which means she celebrates her birthday once every 4 years on another leap year. There have been 26 leap years since 1916.
What is a leap year?
It is a calendar year that contains an additional day added to keep the calendar year synchronized with the seasonal year. Each leap year has 366 days instead of 365, by extending February to 29 days rather than the common 28 days. These extra days occur in each year that is an integer multiple of 4.
Here woman was born on 29 February. The date 29 February comesw every four years. So in a century it would come 25 times and another time in the next four years.
Birth year : 1916
Current year : 2020
Difference : 104 years
Leap year comes every four years. So in 104 years it would come 26 years.
Hence assuming the woman in question was born on February 29th, that means she celebrates her birthday once every 4 years on another leap year.
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For the red onion skin experiment, in what cellular structure is red onion pigment stored and you were observing shrinkage?.
There are no chloroplasts in onions since they do not photosynthesize. The central vacuole houses the purple pigment (anthocyanin) that gives red onions their distinctive color, making it simple to identify.
What is Plasmolysis?The goal of this experiment is to better understand plasmolysis and deplasmolysis in red onion cells by observing water transport into and out of cells. Plasmolysis takes place when the environment of epidermal red onion cells is changed by the addition of concentrated sucrose solution, which has less water potential than onion cells. Deplasmolysis is the name given to the process if it is reversed. By putting pure water in the onion cells' exterior environment, deplasmolysis can be seen. The protoplast inside the cell enlarges to its original size during deplasmolysis as water is absorbed into the cells. The mechanisms in different plant cells can be compared using these observations.
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In pavlov’s classical conditioning experiments, the neutral stimulus that comes to elicit a conditioned response is known as the.
In Pavlov's experiments, the neutral stimulus was the bell, the unconditioned stimulus was the food, and the conditioned stimulus was the salivation that occurred due to the bell.
Define Pavlov's experiments.By accident, classical conditioning was discovered. When Pavlov studied the digestion of dogs, he found that the canines' physical reactions to food evolved over time. At first, the dogs would only slobber when their food was offered to them. But later, before they got their food, they made a little salivation. They were drooling when they heard sounds that were always present before the food arrived, such the sound of an approaching food cart, according to Pavlov.
In order to prove his theory, Pavlov set up an experiment where he rang a bell right before feeding the dogs. At first, the bells had little effect on the dogs.
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what major component of mucins directly provides a polyanionic surface to which defensins and siga bind?
A polyanionic surfaces Sialic acid is directly provided by mucins' main constituent.
What makes DNA a polyanion?RNA and DNA are both polyanions. They are simply polymer of negatively charged molecules, to put it fancy. This is due to the hydroxyl group in the sugar-phosphate backbone, which typically carry a charge around negative three.
Is DNA digitalizable?The method of transferring and decoding binary code to and from synthetic DNA strands is known as DNA digital data storage. Although DNA has a huge amount of potential as a storage device due to its high density, its use in practical applications is now greatly restricted due to its exorbitant cost and extremely sluggish read and write speeds.
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lipophilic weak bases that diffuse into the parietal cell canaliculi, where they become protonated
PPIs (proton pump inhibitors) efficiently prevent the release of stomach acid through binding to as well as impeding the hydrogen-potassium
Pantoprazole would be a weak, lipophilic base which thus arrives the acidified parietal cell arrangement through the parietal cell membrane and undergoes protonation. This produces the active metabolite sulfonamide, which also forms an irrecoverable covalent bond to two places of the H+/K+-ATPase enzyme upon the gastric parietal cells.
While both PPIs and acid controls decrease the quantity of stomach acid your stomach generates, H2 blockers act faster than PPIs and can provide comfort in as little and around 15 and 30 minutes. PPIs are the best choice for people who frequently have heartburn because they can take longer to start working but offer longer-lasting relief.
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nitrogenous waste from protein metabolism is used to make urea which is subsequently secreted by the dct
Nitrogenous waste from protein metabolism is used to make urea which is subsequently secreted by the kidney.
What do you mean by protein metabolism?
Protein synthesis and breakdown (catabolism) are two different biochemical processes that are referred to collectively as protein metabolism. Transcription, translation, and post-translational modifications are the processes in the production of proteins.
What is kidney?In vertebrates, the kidneys are two reddish-brown, bean-shaped organs. They are around 12 centimeters (4+12 inches) in length in adult humans and are situated on the left and right sides of the retroperitoneal region. Blood enters them through the paired renal arteries, and it leaves through the paired renal veins. A ureter, a tube that transports expelled urine to the bladder, is connected to each kidney. The kidney takes involved in the regulation of toxin elimination, fluid osmolality, acid-base balance, various electrolyte concentrations, and volume of various body fluids. One-fifth of the blood volume that enters the kidneys is filtered in the glomerulus, where filtering takes place.
Thus from above conclusion we can say that nitrogenous waste from protein metabolism is used to make urea which is subsequently secreted by the kidney.
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What is the difference between Cell Differentiation and Mitosis?
Answer:
the difference is how to do it and how it's done
Answer:
In order for a cell to differentiate, it will express specific genes. Once a cell has differentiated, it loses its ability to undergo mitosis (see below). Cell division involves the splitting of a cell Mitosis is a form of cell division: this is the process by which cells split to form new cells.
which of the following factors does not affect the daily urine volume? the environmental temperature the respiratory rate the relative humidity the body temperature all of these factors affect the daily urine volume.
A correct answer is an option (E). all of these factors affect the daily urine volume.
An average adult excretes between 750 and 2000 ml of urine each day.
The eating of specific foods is one of the many variables that might affect how much pee a person generates.
the volume of liquid taken in.
the volume of food eaten.
the volume of liquid lost as a result of breathing and sweating.
medical issues and certain medicines
the blood sugar level and Blood Pressure
Salt and Alcohol intake
Exercise (sweating)
Environment temperature.
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_____ is an injury that is the result of overuse, overstretching, or forcible stretching of a muscle beyond its functional capacity. It sometimes involves a tendon or ligament.
Chronic strains are an injury brought on by overusing, overstretching, or forcibly reaching a muscle beyond its range of motion. A tendon or ligament may occasionally be involved.
Usually entails a strained or torn ligament, is a joint injury?A sprain is a stretching or tearing of the ligaments, the strong bands of fibrous tissue in your joints that link two bones together.
The knee's semilunar cartilages are involved in which injury?Additional cartilage strips, known as semilunar cartilages, support the knee joint on both sides. Meniscal tears or splits are among the most frequent knee injuries. extreme impact or twisting, particularly when engaging in weight-bearing activities.
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If you crossed flies heterozygous for the cy allele, what phenotypes would you find in the adult f1 generation?.
If you crossed flies heterozygous for the cy allele, the phenotypes would both wild type and curly wings be present in the F1 generation.
It is 1st filial generation obtained by crossing two different parents. The parents are quite distinct: one is homozygous dominant for both traits, and the other is homozygous recessive for both traits. All such offspring show dominant characteristics for both traits.
The F1 generation refers to the first filial generation.
When you're heterozygous for a specific gene, it means you have two different versions of that gene
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