The budget that shows predicted amounts of a company's assets, liabilities, and equity as of the end of the budget period is called the "budgeted balance sheet."
The budgeted balance sheet is a financial statement that provides an estimate of a company's financial position at a specific point in the future. It outlines the expected amounts of assets (such as cash, inventory, property), liabilities (such as loans, accounts payable), and equity (including retained earnings and contributed capital) based on the company's projected operations, investments, and financing activities. By preparing a budgeted balance sheet, companies can assess their expected financial position, plan for future capital needs, evaluate solvency, and make informed decisions regarding resource allocation and financial management.
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Based on systems theory, the types of practices the coaching team runs is a(n)
Multiple Choice
output.
transformational process.
input.
operational contingency.
feedback mechanism.
Based on systems theory, the types of practices the coaching team runs is a transformational process.
Systems theory is a transdisciplinary study that examines the nature of complex systems. It is an alternative paradigm to reductionism, which is concerned with identifying the components and elements that make up a system and how they interact. Instead, systems theory examines how components function and interact within a larger context or environment.System theory can be applied to a wide range of fields, including biology, psychology, engineering, and business. It can be used to analyze the interactions between individuals, groups, organizations, and entire societies.Types of practices the coaching team runsThe types of practices the coaching team runs is a transformational process. Transformational coaching is a process in which the coach and client work together to achieve a goal. It is a process that is focused on change and growth. Transformational coaching can be used in a variety of settings, including business, education, and personal development.In transformational coaching, the coach and client work together to identify the client's goals and develop a plan to achieve them. The coach provides guidance and support throughout the process, helping the client to overcome obstacles and stay on track. Through this process, the client develops the skills and knowledge necessary to achieve their goals.
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How to reduce income tax? Check all applicable answers. Open a health Savings Account Contribute to a Roth retirement account Do a side gig or a freelance job Get a higher education credit on your college expenses Claim European travel expenses on your home business selling cookies and juices to local scools. Contribute to a Traditonal retirement account
There are several ways that can be used to reduce the amount of income tax you pay. The most common strategies are:Contributing to a Traditional retirement account.Opening a health savings account.Contributing to a Roth retirement account.Doing a side gig or freelance job.Claiming European travel expenses on your home business.
Several methods for reducing your income tax bill are described in more detail below:Contributing to a Traditional retirement account:
A Traditional IRA or 401(k) is a pre-tax retirement account. Any amount contributed to the account is tax-deductible, and it reduces your taxable income for the year. Contributions are taxed when they are withdrawn from the account.Opening a health savings account:
A health savings account, or HSA, is a tax-advantaged savings account. It is used in combination with a high-deductible health insurance plan. Money deposited in an HSA is tax-deductible, and any interest or gains are tax-free. Withdrawals for medical expenses are also tax-free.Contributing to a Roth retirement account:
A Roth IRA or 401(k) is an after-tax retirement account. Contributions are made with money that has already been taxed. However, withdrawals are tax-free.Doing a side gig or freelance job:
Working a side gig or freelance job can help you earn extra income. These jobs often provide tax benefits, such as the ability to deduct expenses related to your work.
Additionally, self-employed individuals may qualify for certain tax credits.Claiming European travel expenses on your home business:
If you sell cookies and juices to local schools, you may be able to claim European travel expenses as a business deduction. However, this strategy may be risky, as it could be subject to scrutiny by the IRS.Getting a higher education credit on your college expenses:
If you pay college tuition for yourself or a dependent, you may be eligible for a tax credit. The American Opportunity Tax Credit and the Lifetime Learning Credit are two tax credits that are available to eligible individuals.
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Hooyay is a low cost manufacturer of smartphones in Myanmar. They recently listed in 2017 on the Singapore Exchange and did not issue any dividends for 2017 and have no plans to for 2018. They do believe that it would be possible to issue dividends in 2024 at a 42.5% payout ratio. Their current capital structure is 60% equity and 40% debt with a target ratio of debt to equity of .35. For 2017, they generated SGD 45,000,000 of net income on SGD85,000,000 of revenue on 10,000,000 shares that they issued. The current cost of debt is 17% with a 35% tax rate. The company is currently trading at a 2.3 Beta while the Singaporean treasury rate is at 2.5% and the market has returned 11.8% on average for the last decade. Net Income is expected to grow at 12% for the foreseeable future. a. What is the cost of equity? b. What is the WACC?
a. The cost of equity is approximately 24.01%.
b. The weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is approximately 18.25%.
a. To calculate the cost of equity, we can use the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM):
Cost of Equity = Risk-Free Rate + Beta * Equity Risk Premium
The risk-free rate is given as the Singaporean treasury rate of 2.5%.
The company's beta is stated as 2.3.
Equity Risk Premium = Market Return - Risk-Free Rate
The market return is given as 11.8%.
Equity Risk Premium = 11.8% - 2.5% = 9.3%
Cost of Equity = 2.5% + 2.3 * 9.3% ≈ 24.01%
Therefore, the cost of equity is approximately 24.01%.
b. To calculate the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC), we need to consider the cost of equity, cost of debt, and the weights of equity and debt in the capital structure.
WACC = (Weight of Equity * Cost of Equity) + (Weight of Debt * Cost of Debt * (1 - Tax Rate))
The weight of equity is 60%, and the weight of debt is 40%.
The cost of debt is 17%, and the tax rate is 35%.
WACC = (0.60 * 24.01%) + (0.40 * 17% * (1 - 35%))
WACC ≈ 18.25%
Therefore, the WACC for the company is approximately 18.25%.
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You are having a discussion on short-term securities with your grandpa. Your grandpa states that ‘Since bank bills are instruments that typically have a maximum maturity of 180 days, they are of no use in meeting funding requirements for longer than 180 days.’ Critically analyse and discuss this statement.
The company ALTA Ltd issued a bank accepted bill to fund its working capital requirement. The bill is issued for 60 days, with a face value of $150,000 and a yield of 2.5% per annum to the original discounter. After 25 days, the bank bill is sold by the original discounter into the secondary market for $138,222. The purchaser holds the bill to maturity. What is the yield received by the holder of the bill at the date of maturity?
The Atony Ltd. company raised $1.5m through a 10-year bond issue on the 31st of December 2020. The bond pays 3.4% per annum in coupons, with coupons paid quarterly. Calculate the price of the bond on the 12th of August 2025, given a market yield of 4.5% per annum. In your answer, identify whether the bond is trading at a discount or a premium, and explain the logic as to why this is the case. Note: You can write down the calculations by hand and attach a photo of your answer in the answer sheet.
It should be noted that the yield received by the holder of the bank bill at maturity is approximately 21.4%.
How to calculate the valueAmount paid by the original discounter: $138,222
Face value received by the purchaser at maturity: $150,000
Holding period: 60 days - 25 days = 35 days
The yield can be calculated using the formula:
Yield = (Face Value - Purchase Price) / (Purchase Price) * (365 / Holding Period)
Yield = ($150,000 - $138,222) / ($138,222) * (365 / 35)
Yield ≈ 0.214 or 21.4%
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Which of the following refers to a problem that firms with structurally sophisticated global networks are most likely to face? A) environmental volatility B) competition from domestic firms C) low cost savings D) import tariffs
Environmental Volatility refers to a problem that firms with structurally sophisticated global networks. Option A is the correct answer.
Significant environmental problems and sustainability difficulties have an impact on businesses. A company's bottom line is impacted by climate change, pollution, and global warming since these major environmental challenges have a negative influence on revenue and employee productivity. Option A is the correct answer.
Important sustainability issues that have an impact on the entire planet are currently being faced. We can't effectively address environmental problems on our own. Businesses, on the other hand, are more equipped than individuals to create real change. This is why sustainable business practices are the most efficient means of bringing about long-term change that is advantageous to both firms and customers worldwide.
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true or false: the loss sustained crime coverage form will cover a loss which occurred prior to its inception if: (a) reported during the policy term; and (b) there was no interruption between the previous policy term and the current policy.
The given statement is True. The loss sustained crime coverage form typically covers a loss that occurred prior to its inception if it is reported during the policy term and there was no interruption between the previous policy term and the current policy.
This means that as long as the loss is reported within the policy period and there was continuous coverage without any gaps, the coverage can extend to losses that happened prior to the policy's inception.Firstly, the loss must be reported during the policy term, meaning that the insured must notify the insurance company about the loss within the specified timeframe. Additionally, there should be no interruption or gap in coverage between the previous policy term and the current policy. This means that the insured should have maintained continuous coverage without any breaks or lapses in order for the policy to cover losses that occurred prior to its inception. It is important to carefully review the specific terms and conditions of the policy to understand the coverage provided.Therefore, the given statement is true. The loss sustained crime coverage form is designed to provide coverage for losses that occurred prior to the policy's inception, as long as certain conditions are met.
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If a perfectly competitive firm sells 300 units of output at a market price of $1 per unit, its marginal revenue is:
A)less than $1.
B)$1.
C)more than $1 but less than $300.
D)$300.
In a perfectly competitive market, a firm is a price taker, meaning it cannot influence the market price. The marginal revenue for a perfectly competitive firm is equal to the market price because the firm can sell any quantity of output at that price. the correct answer is B)
Therefore, if the firm sells 300 units of output at a market price of $1 per unit, its marginal revenue will also be $1. The firm's marginal revenue represents the additional revenue generated from selling one more unit of output. Since the firm is selling each unit at $1, the incremental revenue earned from selling the 300th unit will also be $1. Thus, the correct answer is B) $1.
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Jun1, 2020 Business paid $800 cash for the monthly rent. Please show which of the following entries is right
A. Dr. Unearned Revenue; Cr. Cash
B. Dr. Rent Expense; Cr. Cash
C. Dr. Accounts Payable; Cr. Cash
D. Dr. Prepaid Rent; Cr. Cash
If Jun1, 2020 Business paid $800 cash for the monthly rent. The correct entry for the transaction would be Dr. Rent Expense; Cr. Cash. The correct option is B.
It is correct to enter the transaction as Dr. Rent Expense; Cr. Cash. The accrual accounting principle dictates that expenses be recorded as they are incurred in this entry.
The business registers the expense for the monthly rent payment by debiting Rent Expense. The net income will be decreased by this expense, which will be shown on the income statement.
The company reflects the reduction in its cash balance brought on by the payment of rent by crediting Cash. The balance sheet shows this decline in cash which has an effect on the company's liquidity. The correct option is B.
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Crane Manufacturing Company uses a job order cost system and keeps perpetual inventory records
June
1 Purchased raw materials for $25,200 on account.
8 Raw materials requisitioned by production:
Direct
materials
Indirect
$10,080
materials
1.260
15
Paid factory utilities, $2.646 and repairs for factory equipment, $10,080.
25
25
Incurred $114.000 of factory labor
Time tickets indicated the following
Direct Labor
(7.000 hrs $12
per hel
$84,000
Indirect Labor
(3.000 hrs $10
30,000
App
hou
$114.000
25 Applied manufacturing overhead to production based on a predetermined overhead rate of $9 per direct labor hour worked.
28 Goods costing $18,120 were completed in the factory and were transferred to finished goods inventory.
30 Goods costing $15,120 were sold for $20,120 on account.
Based on the information provided, we can prepare the journal entries for the transactions that occurred in June in Crane Manufacturing Company:
June 1:
Account Titles and Explanation:
Raw Materials Inventory (Debit) $25,200
Accounts Payable (Credit) $25,200
June 8:
Account Titles and Explanation:
Work in Process Inventory (Direct Materials) (Debit) $10,080
Work in Process Inventory (Indirect Materials) (Debit) $1,260
Raw Materials Inventory (Credit) $11,340
June 15:
Account Titles and Explanation:
Factory Utilities Expense (Debit) $2,646
Repairs Expense (Debit) $10,080
Accounts Payable (Credit) $12,726
June 25:
Account Titles and Explanation:
Factory Payroll (Direct Labor) (Debit) $84,000
Factory Payroll (Indirect Labor) (Debit) $30,000
Factory Wages Payable (Credit) $114,000
June 25:
Account Titles and Explanation:
Work in Process Inventory (Debit) $63,000 [$7,000 hrs * $9 per hour]
Manufacturing Overhead (Debit) $51,000 [$3,000 hrs * $9 per hour]
Factory Payroll (Direct Labor) (Credit) $84,000
Factory Payroll (Indirect Labor) (Credit) $30,000
June 28:
Account Titles and Explanation:
Finished Goods Inventory (Debit) $18,120
Work in Process Inventory (Credit) $18,120
June 30:
Account Titles and Explanation:
Accounts Receivable (Debit) $20,120
Sales Revenue (Credit) $20,120
Cost of Goods Sold (Debit) $15,120
Finished Goods Inventory (Credit) $15,120
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A 4-year annual coupon bond trades for $1,037, has a face value of $1,000 and a coupon rate of 4%. What is the yield to maturity?
The yield to maturity on a $1,000 face value bond is 3.5%. The bond pays annual coupons of $35. Is the bond trading at a premium, a discount, or par?
The bond is trading at a premium. The yield to maturity on a $1,000 face value bond is 3.5%, which means that the bond is offering a lower yield compared to the market rate.
Given that the bond has a coupon rate of 4% and a face value of $1,000, it pays annual coupons of $35 ($1,000 * 4%). However, since the bond is trading at $1,037, which is above its face value, it is trading at a premium.
This means that investors are willing to pay more than the face value of the bond to receive the fixed coupon payments and the return of the face value at maturity. The premium reflects the higher demand for the bond and the lower yield it provides compared to the prevailing market rates.
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Assume taxes are zero and the consumption function is C = 0.90(Y) + $300. Based on this information, the saving function is S= (Yd) - $
To determine the saving function based on the given information, we need to start by defining the terms.
C = Consumption
Y = Total income (or output)
Yd = Disposable income (income after taxes)
S = Saving
The consumption function is given as C = 0.90(Y) + $300.
To find the saving function, we need to subtract consumption (C) from disposable income (Yd), as saving is the difference between income and consumption. S = Yd - C
Since taxes are assumed to be zero, disposable income (Yd) is equal to total income (Y). Substituting this into the equation, we have: S = Y - C
Now we substitute the given consumption function into the equation:
S = Y - (0.90(Y) + $300)
Simplifying the equation, we have:S = Y - 0.90Y - $300
Combining like terms, we get:S = 0.10Y - $300
Therefore, the saving function based on the given information is: S = 0.10Y - $300
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increasing market audience, receiving foreign direct investment are reasons international trade is important to the united states.T/F
The statement "Increasing market audience and receiving foreign direct investment are reasons international trade is important to the United States" is TRUE because International trade is important to the United States because it allows for increased market audience and greater opportunities.
International trade is a critical component of the US economy as it provides for greater opportunities for businesses to expand their reach and grow their market share globally. With a global market audience, US businesses can benefit from new markets and increased revenue streams.
As a result, international trade has been a driving force behind economic growth in the US for many years. Receiving foreign direct investment is another important reason why international trade is critical to the US economy. Foreign direct investment allows US businesses to gain access to funding and expertise from foreign investors.
This can be particularly important for startups and small businesses that need financial backing and support to get their businesses off the ground. Additionally, foreign direct investment can help to create new jobs and increase economic activity in the US by allowing businesses to expand their operations.
Overall, international trade is an important part of the US economy as it provides for greater opportunities for businesses to grow and expand their market reach globally. By embracing international trade, the US can continue to be a leader in the global marketplace and maintain its status as one of the world's strongest economies.
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Identify and explain the key audit assertions relating to cash.
What controls over cash should usually be maintained?
Suggest the appropriate substantive procedures for testing cash
In the audit of cash, several key assertions are critical to making sure the accuracy and reliability of monetary statements. This article identifies and explains the key audit assertions referring to cash.
Additionally, it discusses the controls that must commonly be maintained over coins to mitigate risks. Furthermore, appropriate substantial methods for testing cash are counseled to offer sufficient audit-proof and ensure the integrity of cash balances in economic statements.
Key audit assertions referring to cash:
Existence: The auditor desires to make certain that money balances truly exist and is owned by means of the entity at the stability sheet date. This declaration confirms that the coins stated in the financial statements represent real coins reachable or in bank money owed.Completeness: The completeness assertion guarantees that each one coins transactions and balances have been properly recorded and included in the monetary statements. It verifies that there aren't any unrecorded cash transactions or hidden financial institution debts that could inflate or deflate the said cash stability.Valuation and Accuracy: This declaration makes a specialty of whether the cash balances are efficiently valued and accurately stated inside the financial statements. It calls for the auditor to assess the appropriateness of valuation methods, together with the valuation of overseas forex, and to make certain that any coins-associated provisions or impairments are well identified.Rights and Obligations: The rights and duties statement confirms that the entity has the felony proper to own and use the cash and that there aren't any widespread restrictions or duties on its use. It entails reviewing bank statements, loan agreements, and different applicable documents to verify the possession and management of coins.Presentation and Disclosure: This announcement relates to the right presentation and disclosure of coins balances inside the financial statements. The auditor ought to make certain that the coins balances are as they should be classified, and that any sizeable regulations or commitments associated with cash are disclosed inside the notes to the financial statements.Controls over coins that need to generally be maintained:
Segregation of Duties: To reduce the threat of fraud or mistakes, it is important to have a segregation of responsibilities in cash-associated methods. This way that distinctive individuals ought to be accountable for authorizing, recording, and reconciling coins transactions.Physical Controls: Cash needs to be well safeguarded through measures that include locked cash registers, secure safes, and confined get-right of entry to coins garage regions. Regular cash counts need to be conducted to reconcile physical cash with recorded balances.Bank Reconciliations: Regular and timely bank reconciliations need to be accomplished to ensure that the cash balances within the accounting facts healthy the balances in the financial institution statements. Any discrepancies must be investigated and resolved directly.Appropriate sizeable procedures for testing coins:
Confirmations: The auditor can send bank affirmation requests immediately to the banks to obtain independent verification of coins balances and different relevant data inclusive of loan balances and pledged assets.Bank Reconciliation Review: The auditor can assess the entity's financial institution reconciliations and associated helping documentation to assess the accuracy and completeness of cash transactions.Cash Count: The auditor can behavior surprise cash counts to physically confirm the existence of coins handy and evaluate the consequences to the recorded balances.Analytical Procedures: The auditor can perform analytical tactics to assess the reasonableness of coins balances by way of evaluating them to previous durations, enterprise benchmarks, or other relevant financial information.Testing Controls: The auditor can check the effectiveness of inner controls over cash by selecting a sample of coin transactions and tracing them via the gadget to make certain that they're properly legal, recorded, and reconciled.These substantial tactics offer the auditor evidence to assist the assertions related to coins and to assess the reliability of the cash balances reported in the financial statements.
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State the three main types of unemployment and explain why each type occurs.
The three main types of unemployment are structural unemployment, frictional unemployment, and cyclical unemployment.
Structural unemployment occurs when there is a mismatch between the skills and qualifications of workers and the available job opportunities in the economy. It arises from long-term changes in the structure of industries, technological advancements, and shifts in consumer demand. Structural unemployment can also be caused by changes in international trade patterns. For example, when certain industries decline or become obsolete, workers may struggle to find suitable employment opportunities, leading to structural unemployment.
Frictional unemployment refers to temporary unemployment that arises when individuals are in-between jobs or are transitioning from one job to another. It is a natural and unavoidable part of the labor market as people search for better job opportunities or enter the workforce for the first time. Frictional unemployment can occur due to factors such as job search time, geographic mobility, and informational gaps. It is often considered a relatively short-term and voluntary form of unemployment since individuals are actively seeking employment.
Cyclical unemployment is associated with fluctuations in the business cycle or the overall economic conditions of a country. It occurs when there is a downturn or recession in the economy, leading to a decline in aggregate demand for goods and services. During economic downturns, businesses may reduce production, lay off workers, or shut down altogether, resulting in a rise in unemployment. Cyclical unemployment is considered to be the most harmful type of unemployment as it reflects the overall weakness in the economy.
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A couple is planning to finance their 3-year-old son's university education They are establishing an RESP that is projected to earn 4.50% as a stated annualized rate. a) What annual deposit must be made starting today on the son's 3rd birthday and continuing to his 16th birthday in order to meet the future university expense(shown below)? b) What monthly deposit starting today and continuing to his 16th birthday would be required to meet those expenses? The following amounts are presumed to be withdrawn on the stated birthday to pay that years expenses. Moneys remaining in the account past the 16th birthday are presumed to be compounding annually. When the last withdrawal is made the account is presumed empty, zero, Nada, caput!! To assist with your planning you may want to sketch an accurate cash-flow diagram, or account balance diagram. birthday 18th 19th 20th 21st expense $28,000 $30,000 $31,000 $33,000
The monthly deposit required is $263.84. Hence, the annual deposit required is $3,886.96 and the monthly deposit required is $263.84.
a) Annual Deposit required: In order to find the annual deposit required to be made, we use the formula for future value of an annuity: FV = PMT x (1+r)^n - 1 / r Here, FV = $28,000 + $30,000 + $31,000 + $33,000 = $122,000r = 4.5% per annum n = 16 - 3 = 13 (since we are making deposits from his 3rd birthday till his 16th birthday).
Therefore, the annual deposit required is: 122000 = PMT × (1+0.045)13 - 1 / 0.045Solving the above equation, we get: PMT = $3,886.96 (approx.)Therefore, the annual deposit required is $3,886.96b) Monthly Deposit required: In order to find the monthly deposit required to be made, we use the formula for future value of an annuity: FV = PMT x (1+r)^n - 1 / r Here, FV = $28,000 + $30,000 + $31,000 + $33,000 = $122,000r = 4.5% per annum n = 13 x 12 = 156 (since we are making deposits from his 3rd birthday till his 16th birthday).
Therefore, the monthly deposit required is: 122000 = PMT × (1+0.045/12)^156 - 1 / 0.045/12Solving the above equation, we get: PMT = $263.84 (approx.)Therefore, the monthly deposit required is $263.84.
Hence, the annual deposit required is $3,886.96 and the monthly deposit required is $263.84.
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QUICK PLEASE THERE IS NO
TIME
Ak, Basel and Ziad are sharing income and loss in a 432 ratio respectively and decided to liquidale thee partnership Prix to the final darbation of cack to the partners, Ali has a capital balance of $
Ak, Basel, and Ziad are sharing income and loss in a 4:3:2 ratio, respectively, and have decided to liquidate the partnership. Prior to the final distribution of cash to the partners, Ali has a capital balance of $X.
Assuming Ali has a capital balance of $10,000, we can calculate the capital balances of Ak, Basel, and Ziad in the partnership.Since the income and loss sharing ratio is 4:3:2, we can calculate the total ratio as 4 + 3 + 2 = 9.To determine the capital balance for each partner, we divide the total capital by the total ratio and then multiply it by the individual ratio.Ali's capital balance: $10,000 * (4/9) = $4,444.44Ak's capital balance: $10,000 * (4/9) = $4,444.44Basel's capital balance: $10,000 * (3/9) = $3,333.33Ziad's capital balance: $10,000 * (2/9) = $2,222.22Therefore, assuming Ali has a capital balance of $10,000, the calculated capital balances for Ak, Basel, and Ziad in the partnership would be $4,444.44, $3,333.33, and $2,222.22, respectively.For more questions on income
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The Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 12. What is meant by the term "capital structure"? 13. Calculate and explain the following ratios for the current & the prior year: a. Debt Ratio b. Equity Ratio c. Interest Coverage Ratio Is the change in each ratio favorable or unfavorable? How does this relate to overall risk with respect to investing in the shares of Big Rock? (Hint: Consider the pro's & cons of debt versus equity financing in your discussion.) 14. In the Equity section of the Statement of Financial Position, I see negative numbers for 2018 and 2017 called Accumulated Deficit? What does this mean? 15. What is liquidity and how is Big Rock doing with its liquidity position this year? Is it better or worse than last year? Calculate and explain the following ratios: a. Current Ratio b. Quick Ratio 16. Cash flows from regular operations are dependent on the ability to sell inventory and collect cash on credit sales. How many days on average would it take for Big Rock to sell finished goods inventory and collect cash from credit customers? Calculate and explain the following ratios: a. Days to Sell Inventory b. Average Collection Period Note to Students: Use ending balances for receivables and inventory balances instead of average balances. Also, for 13(a), do not include inventory related to raw materials, containers, or brews in progress as only completed brews would be sold to customers. 17. Note 11 to the financial statements shows an A/R Aging. What is this? Are there any items of concern when you examine the A/R Aging in 2018 relative to the prior year?
12. Capital structure" refers to the mix of different sources of funds used by a company to finance its operations and investments.
13. a. Debt Ratio: This ratio measures the proportion of a company's assets that are financed by debt.
13. b. Equity Ratio: This ratio measures the proportion of a company's assets that are financed by equity. It is calculated by dividing total equity by total assets.
13.c Interest Coverage Ratio: This ratio measures a company's ability to cover its interest expenses with its operating income.
14. Accumulated Deficit refers to the cumulative amount of net losses incurred by a company since its inception that have not been offset by subsequent profits.
15. Liquidity refers to a company's ability to meet its short-term obligations using its current assets.
16. a. Days to Sell Inventory: This ratio measures the average number of days it takes for a company to convert its finished goods inventory into sales.
16. b. Average Collection Period: This ratio measures the average number of days it takes for a company to collect cash from its credit customers.
17. An A/R Aging report provides a breakdown of accounts receivable based on the age of outstanding invoices.
12. "Capital structure" refers to the mix of different sources of funds used by a company to finance its operations and investments. It represents the proportion of debt and equity in a company's long-term financing. Debt represents borrowed funds that need to be repaid with interest, while equity represents the ownership interest of shareholders.
13. a. Debt Ratio: This ratio measures the proportion of a company's assets that are financed by debt. It is calculated by dividing total debt by total assets. A higher debt ratio indicates a higher level of debt relative to assets.
b. Equity Ratio: This ratio measures the proportion of a company's assets that are financed by equity. It is calculated by dividing total equity by total assets. A higher equity ratio indicates a higher level of equity financing.
c. Interest Coverage Ratio: This ratio measures a company's ability to cover its interest expenses with its operating income. It is calculated by dividing operating income by interest expenses. A higher interest coverage ratio indicates a greater ability to meet interest obligations.
14. It indicates that the company has experienced periods of losses exceeding its profits over the years. Negative accumulated deficit balances suggest a historical financial underperformance.
15. a. Current Ratio: This ratio compares current assets to current liabilities and measures the company's ability to pay off its short-term obligations.
b. Quick Ratio: This ratio, also known as the acid-test ratio, excludes inventory from current assets as it may not be readily convertible to cash. It provides a more conservative measure of liquidity. A higher quick ratio indicates better short-term liquidity.
16. a. Days to Sell Inventory: This ratio measures the average number of days it takes for a company to convert its finished goods inventory into sales. It is calculated by dividing the average inventory by the cost of goods sold per day.
b. Average Collection Period: This ratio measures the average number of days it takes for a company to collect cash from its credit customers. It is calculated by dividing the average accounts receivable by the average daily credit sales.
17. When examining the A/R Aging in 2018 relative to the prior year, it is important to look for any significant changes in the aging categories. An increase in the aging categories or a higher proportion of long-overdue receivables may indicate challenges in collecting outstanding amounts, potentially affecting cash flows and liquidity. It is crucial to analyze the reasons behind any adverse changes and take appropriate actions to mitigate credit risks and improve collection processes.
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Despite grappling with severe shortages in food and medicines amid the debilitating coronavirus pandemic, the Communist-nun island nation of Cuba plans to develop and export its own Covid-19 vaccines by the end of the year. So far, the country has announced five coronavirus vaccine candidates, two of which (Soberana 2, Abdala) are in their final phase 3 trials. Last month, researchers at the Finlay Institute in Havana announced that their Soberana 2 vacoge appears to be highly effective and is entering the final stage of clinical trials. Cuba plans to develop and export its own Covid-19 vaccines by the end of the year Prime Minister of India has appointed you as the chairperson to study the above mentioned vaccines and provide him with recommendation on whether to procure these vaccines, if so how many and by when He has given complete freedom to you to from your own group/team. In this context briefly answer the following
a. Would you use group or team? Provide appropriate justification for your answer
b. What is the purpose of the group/team?
c. Which type of group/team you will form and why?
For studying the vaccines and providing recommendations on whether to procure these vaccines, if so how many and by when, a team should be formed.
a) This is because a team is a group of people working together towards a common goal or objective that requires collective effort. In this case, the goal is to study the vaccines and provide recommendations, which requires a collaborative effort among members. Thus, forming a team would be more appropriate.
b)The purpose of the team is to study the vaccines and provide recommendations on whether to procure these vaccines, if so how many and by when.
c)I will form a cross-functional team for studying the vaccines and providing recommendations. This is because cross-functional teams are composed of individuals from different functional areas who work together to achieve a common goal. In this case, the goal is to study the vaccines and provide recommendations on whether to procure these vaccines, if so how many and by when. Since the team members come from different backgrounds and bring diverse perspectives and expertise, they are better equipped to handle complex problems and make informed decisions. Therefore, forming a cross-functional team would be more appropriate.
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Edward L. Vincent is CFO of Energy Resources, Inc. The company specializes in the exploration and development of natural gas. It's near year-end, and Edward is feeling terrific. Natural gas prices have risen throughout the year, and Energy Resources is set to report record-breaking performance that will greatly exceed analysts' expectations. However, during an executive meeting this morning. management agreed to "tone down" profits due to concerns that reporting excess profits could encourage additional government regulations in the industry, hindering future profitability. 3 At the beginning of the current year, the company purchased equipment for $4,200,000. The company's standard practice for equipment like this is to use straightline depreciation over 12 years using an estimated residual value of $600,000. To address the issue discussed in the meeting. Edward is considering three options. Option 1: Adjust the estimated service life of the equipment from 12 years to 6 years.
Calculate annual depreciation using the company's standard practice.
Option 1:Adjust the estimated service life of the equipment from 12 years to 6 years. It will lead to an increase in annual depreciation of the equipment and thus, a decrease in the net income of the company.
In such a case, the calculation of annual depreciation using the company's standard practice will change as shown below:Annual Depreciation=(Purchase cost - Residual value) / Useful life=($4,200,000 - $600,000) / 6= $600,000 per year.Energy Resources, Inc., is a company that specializes in the exploration and development of natural gas. At the end of the year, Edward L. Vincent, the company's CFO, feels excellent because the price of natural gas has risen throughout the year, and the company is set to report record-breaking performance that will significantly exceed analysts' expectations.However, during an executive meeting, management agreed to "tone down" profits due to concerns that reporting excess profits could encourage additional government regulations in the industry, which could hinder future profitability. In the current year, the company bought equipment for $4,200,000, and the company's standard practice for equipment like this is to use straight-line depreciation over 12 years, using an estimated residual value of $600,000.Therefore, to address the issue discussed in the meeting, Edward is considering three options. Option 1 involves adjusting the estimated service life of the equipment from 12 years to 6 years. It will lead to an increase in annual depreciation of the equipment and thus, a decrease in the net income of the company
. In conclusion, the adoption of this option can help the company reduce its net income and "tone down" its profits, addressing the management's concerns.
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a. Issues relating to WACC and after tax cost.
b. Dividend growth model approach.
c. Usage of a single WACC and its challenges.
A. One of the important concepts in corporate finance is the weighted average cost of capital (WACC), which represents the average after-tax cost of a company's sources of financing, such as debt and equity. The WACC is used as a discount rate to evaluate the net present value of a project or an acquisition, and to compare it with the expected return.
B. There are different methods to estimate the WACC, depending on the assumptions and data available. One of them is the dividend growth model approach, which uses the current dividend per share, the expected dividend growth rate, and the current stock price to calculate the cost of equity. This method assumes that dividends grow at a constant rate and that the stock price reflects the present value of future dividends.
C. Another issue related to WACC is how to deal with situations where a company has multiple projects or divisions with different risks and costs of capital. Using a single WACC for all projects may lead to over- or under-investment in some cases, as it does not reflect the specific risk-return trade-off of each project. A possible solution is to use different WACCs for different segments or risk classes, based on their respective beta, debt ratio, and market conditions.
About DividendDividend is the distribution of company profits to shareholders based on the number of shares owned. This distribution will reduce retained earnings and available cash for the company, but the distribution of profits to owners is indeed the main goal of a business.
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Long-term forecasts are usually less accurate than short-term forecasts because
A) short-term forecasts have a larger standard deviation of error relative to the mean than long-term forecasts.
B) short-term forecasts have more standard deviation of error relative to the mean than long-term forecasts.
C) long-term forecasts have a smaller standard deviation of error relative to the mean than short-term forecasts.
D) long-term forecasts have a larger standard deviation of error relative to the mean than short-term forecasts.
E) none of the above
The correct answer is D) long-term forecasts have a larger standard deviation of error relative to the mean than short-term forecasts.
Long-term forecasts tend to be less accurate than short-term forecasts because they are subject to more uncertainties and variables over a longer time horizon. Factors such as changes in market conditions, technological advancements, and economic fluctuations become more difficult to predict accurately over extended periods. These uncertainties contribute to a larger standard deviation of error in long-term forecasts compared to short-term forecasts, where the impact of these factors is generally more limited.
Short-term forecasts benefit from having a more immediate and clearer understanding of current conditions, making it easier to make accurate predictions within a shorter time frame. The shorter time horizon allows for a better estimation of variables and reduces the potential impact of unforeseen events or changes in circumstances.
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O t 3 ences Following is the cost information for Camp Rainbow's operations last summer: Week 1 5677AWN7 2 3 4 8 Number of Cost to Run Camp $8,050 8,460 10,900 11,100 Campers 90 118 156 174 188 184 17
Camp Rainbow's total fixed operating costs are $2,862.80 and the variable operating cost per child is $57.35.
What are total fixed operating costs and variable operating cost per child?The highest level of activity is Week 5 with 188 campers.
The lowest level of activity is Week 1 with 90 campers.
Variable cost per child = (Cost to Run at Highest Activity Level - Cost to Run at Lowest Activity Level) / (Number of Campers at Highest Activity Level - Number of Campers at Lowest Activity Level)
Variable cost per child = ($13,670 - $8,050) / (188 - 90)
Variable cost per child = $5,620 / 98
Variable cost per child ≈ $57.35
Fixed cost = Cost to Run at Highest Activity Level - (Variable cost per child × Number of Campers at Highest Activity Level)
Fixed cost = $13,670 - ($57.35 × 188)
Fixed cost ≈ $2,862.80.
Full question:
Following is the cost information for Camp Rainbow's operations last summer:
Week Number of Cost to Run
Campers Camp
1 90 $8,050
2 118 8,460
3 156 10,900
4 174 11,100
5 188 13,670
6 184 14,300
7 170 12,325
8 156 11,270
Required: Using the high-low method, calculate Camp Rainbow's total fixed operating costs and variable operating cost per child.
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Which of the following is an example of a major external environmental factor that a company must consider when analyzing the international marketing environment?
a. economic factors
b. product factors
c. promotional factors
d. pricing factors
e. advertising factors
Economic factors is an example of a major external environmental factor that a company must consider when analyzing the international marketing environment. Option(a) economic factors.
The international marketing environment is made up of a range of elements, such as economic, political, legal, sociocultural, and technological factors that can have a significant impact on the marketing practices of firms when they expand internationally.
The external environmental factors that affect a company's marketing activities are broken down into two categories: uncontrollable and controllable. The uncontrollable environmental factors are those that a firm has no control over and must adapt to them. The controllable environmental factors are those that the firm can control or change to some extent.
For example, uncontrollable factors include political, legal, social, and economic factors. Controllable factors, on the other hand, include product, price, promotion, and distribution factors. The economic factor, therefore, is an example of a major external environmental factor that a company must consider when analyzing the international marketing environment.
Therefore, economic factors Option(a) play a vital role in shaping a company's international marketing approach.
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In the Solow Model, better ideas will lead to
a. increases in productivity
b. capital accumulation
c. Both an increase in productivity and an increase in capital
d. accumulation
In Solow Model, the better ideas will lead to both an increase in productivity and an increase in capital. Option C is correct.
In the Solow Model, better ideas will lead to both an increase in productivity and an increase in capital accumulation. The model suggests that technological progress and innovation are drivers of economic growth.
When better ideas are introduced, such as improvements in technology or production techniques, they enhance productivity by enabling the production of more output with the same amount of inputs. This leads to option a, "increases in productivity."
At the same time, these better ideas often require investment in new capital goods to implement them effectively. For instance, adopting advanced machinery or equipment may be necessary to leverage the benefits of technological advancements. This investment in capital goods contributes to the accumulation of capital in the economy.
Hence, C. is the correct option.
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Use the following information for the Problems below. (Static) [The following information applies to the questions displayed below.] The following year-end information is taken from the December 31 ad
Here is the schedule of cost of goods manufactured and income statement for Leone Company:
The Cost of Goods**Schedule of Cost of Goods Manufactured**
For the Year Ended December 31, 2023
Direct materials:
* Raw materials inventory, beginning $166,850
* Raw materials purchases $925,000
* Less: Raw materials inventory, ending $182,000
= $837,850
Direct labor $675,480
Indirect labor $159,475
Factory overhead:
* Depreciation expense—Factory equipment $49,325
* Maintenance expense—Factory equipment $35,400
* Factory utilities $33,000
= $127,150
Total manufacturing costs $1,819,855
Add: Beginning work in process inventory $15,700
Less: Ending work in process inventory $19,380
Cost of goods manufactured $1,805,775
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Income Statement
For the Year Ended December 31, 2023
Sales $4,462,500
Cost of goods sold:
Finished goods inventory, beginning $167,350
Cost of goods manufactured $1,805,775
Less: Finished goods inventory, ending $136,490 = $3,662,635
Gross profit $800,865
Operating expenses:
Selling expenses:
Advertising expense $28,750
Sales salaries expense $392,560
Rent expense—Selling space $26,100 = $447,410
Administrative expenses:
Office salaries expense $63,000
Depreciation expense—Office equipment $7,250
Rent expense—Office space $22,000 = $92,250
Total operating expenses $539,660
Net income $261,195
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The Complete Question
Required Information Use The Following Information For The Problems Below. (Static) Skip To Question [The Following Information Applies To The Questions Displayed Below.] The Following Year-End Information Is Taken From The December 31 Adjusted Trial Balance And Other Records Of Leone Company. Advertising Expense $ 28,750 Depreciation
Required information
Use the following information for the Problems below. (Static)
Skip to question
[The following information applies to the questions displayed below.]
The following year-end information is taken from the December 31 adjusted trial balance and other records of Leone Company.
Advertising expense $ 28,750
Depreciation expense—Office equipment 7,250
Depreciation expense—Selling equipment 8,600
Depreciation expense—Factory equipment 49,325
Raw materials purchases (all direct materials) 925,000
Maintenance expense—Factory equipment 35,400
Factory utilities 33,000
Direct labor 675,480
Indirect labor 159,475
Office salaries expense 63,000
Rent expense—Office space 22,000
Rent expense—Selling space 26,100
Rent expense—Factory building 76,800
Sales salaries expense 392,560
Problem 14-3A (Static) Schedule of cost of goods manufactured and income statement LO P1, P2
Using the following additional information for Leone Company, complete the requirements below.
Raw materials inventory, beginning $ 166,850
Raw materials inventory, ending 182,000
Work in process inventory, beginning 15,700
Sales 4,462,500
Work in process inventory, ending 19,380
Finished goods inventory, beginning 167,350
Finished goods inventory, ending 136,490
Required:
1. Prepare the schedule of cost of goods manufactured for the current year.
2. Prepare the current year income statement.
Carla Vista Corporation issued 2,800, 6%, 5-year, $1,000 bonds dated January 1, 2022, at 100. Interest is paid each January 1.
(a)Prepare the journal entry to record the sale of these bonds on January 1, 2022.
(b)Prepare the adjusting journal entry on December 31, 2022, to record interest expense
(a) A journal entry debiting Cash for $2,800,000 and crediting Bonds Payable for $2,800,000. (b) Journal entry on December 31, 2022, debiting Interest Expense for $168,000 and crediting Interest Payable for $168,000 to account for the accrued interest expense on the bonds.
The journal entry to record the sale of the bonds on January 1, 2022 would be as follows:
Date: January 1, 2022
Account Debit Credit
Cash $2,800,000
Bonds Payable $2,800,000
The company received cash of $2,800,000 from the issuance of 2,800 bonds at $1,000 each. The Bonds Payable account represents the liability for the bonds issued.
The adjusting journal entry on December 31, 2022, to record interest expense would be as follows:
Date: December 31, 2022
Account Debit Credit
Interest Expense $168,000
Interest Payable $168,000
The bonds have a stated interest rate of 6% annually, so the interest expense for one year would be calculated as: $2,800,000 (bonds face value) × 6% (interest rate) = $168,000. Since the interest payment date is on January 1, the company needs to accrue interest expense for the portion of the year that has passed (from the issuance date to December 31, 2022). The Interest Payable account represents the accrued interest that is payable on the next interest payment date.
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Q.2 Amjad rising Inc, makes paragliders for sale through specialty sporting goods stores. The company has a standard paraglider mode, but also makes custom designed paragliders. Management has designe
The overall profitability of Blue Sky Outfitters is Rs. 130,332. Activity Based Costing (ABC) is a costing approach that assigns the costs of the resources used in the production of products to the individual products. The primary aim of ABC is to determine the profitability of products more accurately. Profitability is the ability of a company to generate profit. It is determined by comparing a company's earnings to its expenses. A company is profitable when its earnings are higher than its expenses.
Computation of profitability: Standard Model: Activity Rate Total Cost of Activity Total Activity used Total Cost of Activity Number of gliders Number of direct labor hours per glider Direct Material Cost per glider Direct labor cost per glider Direct labor cost per unit Selling price per unit Profitability Per unit profitability Rs. 20 per glider 20 x 200 = 4000 4000/200 = Rs. 203 hrs x 19.5 = Rs. 58.550.5 x 19.5 = Rs. 9.758.5 + 564 + 634 = Rs. 1,206 1850 - 1206 = Rs. 644 644 x 200 = Rs. 128,800 Total profitability= Rs. 128,800
Custom Design: Activity Rate Total Cost of Activity Total Activity used Total Cost of Activity Number of orders Number of Custom designs Direct Labor hours per glider Direct Material Cost per glider Direct labor cost per glider Direct labor cost per unit Selling price per unit Profitability Per unit profitability Rs. 1 per order 1 x 2000 = 2000 2000/20 = Rs. 100 3 x 200 = Rs. 600 3 x 200 = Rs. 19.56 x 19.5 = Rs. 1173 + 634 + 117 = Rs. 868 2400 - 868 = Rs. 1532 Total profitability = Rs. 1532
Overall profitability: Standard Model = Rs. 128,800 Custom Design = Rs. 1532 Total profitability = Rs. 130,332. Hence, the overall profitability of Blue Sky Outfitters is Rs. 130,332.
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6 9 12 ! What is the unifying force of quality? Customer satisfaction Leadership Training Organizational culture
Light bulb L50 (minimum length of time until 50% of the bulbs are burned out and 50% a
1- The unifying force of quality is D) Organizational culture.
2- The quality "dimension" indicated by the light bulb L50 (minimum length of time until 50% of the bulbs are burned out and 50% are still operating) is B) Durability.
1- Organizational culture is the underlying values, beliefs, and behaviors that guide the actions of individuals within an organization. It serves as a unifying force that shapes and influences how quality is perceived and pursued throughout the organization. A strong organizational culture that emphasizes and prioritizes quality can have a significant impact on various aspects of the organization, such as customer satisfaction, leadership, and training.
By fostering a culture that values quality, organizations can create an environment where employees are motivated to deliver high-quality products or services, customer satisfaction is prioritized, and leaders actively support and promote quality initiatives. Thus, organizational culture acts as the unifying force that aligns and integrates different aspects of quality within an organization.
2-Durability refers to the ability of a product to withstand wear, pressure, or damage over time. The light bulb L50, which measures the minimum length of time until 50% of the bulbs are burned out and 50% are still operating, is an indication of the durability of the light bulbs. It shows how long the bulbs can continue to function without burning out or failing. This dimension is specifically related to the longevity and reliability of the light bulbs
. By measuring the L50 value, manufacturers and consumers can assess the durability and expected lifespan of the light bulbs. Therefore, the quality dimension indicated by the light bulb L50 is Durability.
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the complete question is:
1-What is the unifying force of quality?
A- Customer satisfaction
b-Leadership:
c- Training
D- Organizational culture
2-Light bulb L50 (minimum length of time until 50% of the bulbs are burned out and 50% are still operating) is an indication of this quality "dimension"
a) Serviceability
b) Durability
C)Reliability
d) Performance
According to Keynes, as income increases consumption expenditure also increases but increase in consumption is_______than the increase in income.
Smaller
Larger
Equal
Constant
According to John Maynard Keynes, as income rises, consumption expenditure also rises but the increase in consumption is equal to the increase in income. Let's understand the concept of consumption and income below.
In economics, consumption is defined as the acquisition of goods and services by individuals or households for their satisfaction. It is the total spending by individuals on their needs or wants.
Income is the amount of money that an individual receives during a specific period, usually measured in a month or year. It includes the wages, salaries, and other earnings from work as well as income from investments.
Keynes' theory of consumption: Keynes proposed a theory of consumption that is based on marginal propensity to consume. According to him, people do not consume their entire income but rather a part of it.
He believed that there is a positive relationship between income and consumption expenditure but it is not a 1:1 ratio. Keynes further argued that as income increases, consumption expenditure also increases, but the increase in consumption is less than the increase in income.
This is because people tend to save a portion of their income. The marginal propensity to consume decreases as income rises. In simple words, the more a person earns, the less they spend. Hence, the increase in consumption is equal to the increase in income.
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Assume that sales are expected to increase by 4% next year, core profit margin is expected to be 12% of sales, and current NOA is expected to grow at the same growth rate of sales. If the required return on operations is 8%, current sales are $898664, current NOA is $387094, what is the expected ReOI for the coming year?
Given information are as follows Current sales, Sales are expected to increase by 4%, core profit margin is expected to be 12% of sales, the current NOA is expected to grow at the same growth rate of sales, and required return on operations is 8%.
Now, we need to determine the expected Re OI for the coming year. We can start solving the problem by finding the expected NOA for the coming year. The formula to calculate the expected NOA is; Expected
NOA = Current NOA x (1+sales growth rate)
Expected NOA = $387,094 x (1+4%)
Expected NOA = $402,697
Next, we can find the expected sales for the coming year.
The formula to calculate the expected sales is;
Expected Sales = Current Sales x (1+sales growth rate)
Expected Sales = $898,664 x (1+4%)
Expected Sales = $933,396
Now, we can find the expected Re
OI for the coming year using the following formula;
Expected ReOI = (Expected Sales - Expected Operating Expenses) x (1 - Tax Rate) - Expected Required Return on Operations
We can find the expected operating expenses by multiplying the expected sales by the expected cost of goods sold. The expected cost of goods sold is
Expected Cost of Goods Sold = Expected Sales x (1 - Core Profit Margin)
Expected Cost of Goods Sold = $933,396 x (1 - 12%)
Expected Cost of Goods Sold = $819,609
We can now find the expected Re OI by using the following formula
Expected Re OI = ($933,396 - $819,609) x (1 - 35%) - 8%
Expected Re OI = $96,416 x 0.65 - 8%
Expected Re OI = $60,501.6 - 8%
Expected Re OI = $55,701.52
Therefore, the expected Re OI for the coming year is $55,701.52.
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