please help! Which of the following supports that eukaryotes share a common ancestry?


Genes that contain noncoding regions introns
Circular chromosomes that do not have terminal ends
Cells containing membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria
a, b
b, c
a, c
a, b, c

Explanation:

Some herbicides affect the morphology of the cell, resulting in the formation of pleomorphic cells [18]. Herbicides can reduce root nodulation, bacteroids, dry ...

Answer:

Scientists insert DNA into (genetically modify) an organism to increase its resistance to diseases, improve its growth rate and size, or change its appearance. Common examples of genetically modified foods are corn, soybeans, and cotton. Corn is modified to resist insect pests or tolerate herbicides.

Explanation:

If the genes used to synthesize these enzymes were mutated. These cells may continue to divide unchecked, resulting in tumor growth.

During development, apoptosis gets rid of cells, gets rid of cells that could be cancerous or infected with a virus, and keeps the body in balance.

Apoptosis is intervened by proteolytic compounds called caspases, which trigger cell demise by severing explicit proteins in the cytoplasm and core. Caspases are present in all cells as inactive precursors known as procaspases. These procaspases typically become active when they are cleaved by other caspases, triggering a proteolytic caspase cascade.

A p53 protein that is less effective at controlling cell proliferation is the result of these mutations. In particular, cells with damaged or mutated DNA cannot undergo apoptosis. DNA damage can therefore accumulate in cells. These cells may continue to divide unchecked, resulting in tumor growth.

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The cell has the ability to carry out all the processes of life, such as nutrition, excretion, respiration, etc. Therefore it is called the active part of life. A cell is the smallest unit of life and all living things are made up of cells. So the cell is called a living system.

The body or structure of any living organism is made up of cells. These cells are also responsible for carrying out all the biological functions and regulations in the organism. Because of these features, the cell is called a living and working system.

The cell is the most important part of our body. Each organ in our body is made up of cells. Cells divide and multiply to make new organs and gates.

Cell is called as active living unit due to following reasons-

Always remember that, Cell is called as a living and functional system because living organisms/organisms consist of cells and all the physiological, biochemical, genetic and metabolic functions are carried out in the cell. It is believed to be the smallest functional unit that can exist independently.

The largest cell in the human body is egg. An ovum is also known as an egg cell and is a cell in the female reproductive system. Ovum is believed to be 20 times larger compared to sperm cells.

Remember, the Cell has the ability to live on its own and can perform all the functions that are important to a living being. A cell can do nutrition, respiration, transport, excretion, and reproduction just like an organism does. Unicellular organisms can exist as independent cells indicating the ability of the cell to exist. Therefore, the cell is called as the basic unit/type of living system. Note that all living things contain the basic unit of life which is the cell.

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One of their primary distinguishing characteristics is the lack of a nuclear membrane and other vital cell organelles in prokaryotic cells.

Organelles are absent from prokaryotic cells, they lack a nucleus, and they are much smaller than eukaryotic cells. Every prokaryotic cell is protected by a cell wall. Many also contain a slime layer or capsule made of polysaccharides. Protrusions (appendages) are a common feature of prokaryotes.

A prokaryotic cell places a lot of importance on its cell wall. It aids in a variety of ways, including preserving the cell's shape, offering safety, and keeping the cell from exploding.

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Be ready to cry a lot because the Claire Outlander episode showing on Saturday, May 21, is best described as an emotional roller coaster.

The scene cut to 1954 after Claire (Caitriona Balfe) lost her young daughter and had sex with the French king (Lionel Lingelser). The day after their wedding, John gives Claire a big chest of medical supplies. When Claire thinks back to the anniversary present Jamie gave her 10 years ago, she swoons. One week after their wedding, she and Lord John engage in an intoxicated liaison. John had insisted that Claire marry him, informing her that it was the "last service" he could give Jamie as a means of protection. At John's home, the union took place.

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Anxious-ambivalent children tend to be disorganized when exploring their surroundings. This statement is false.

Children with an anxious-ambivalent attachment style are described as distressed when their caregiver leaves them but inconsolable when they return. Children who are anxious-ambivalent are afraid of being abandoned, but they also do not trust their caregiver to be consistent.

Anxious-ambivalent attachment is characterized by caregivers' inconsistent responses and a child's anxiety and preoccupation with their caregiver's availability, accessibility, and responsiveness during times of distress.

The anxious ambivalent attachment style shows up in adulthood when adults behave in the same way toward their romantic partners as they did in childhood with their caregiver. A husband or wife, for example, may repeatedly request and then demand that their spouse spend more time with them.

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Answer: Water is an excellent solvent.

Explanation:

Blood that contains 92% water is referred to be plasma. Water functions primarily as a solvent in the plasma. It carries and rapidly dissolves things.

Water exhibits cohesive behavior.

Cells use sugars as a source of energy and as the foundation for other biological substances. Glucose, sometimes referred to as blood sugar, is an example. Due to the numerous polar OH groups that are connected to its six carbons, glucose is a tiny (6 carbons) molecule that dissolves readily in water.

C. Water is an excellent solvent. is the property of water that is most important in allowing glucose to be dissolved in the blood.

The term "plasma" refers to blood, which is composed of 92 percent water. Water's primary function in the plasma is that of a solvent. It easily transports and dissolves substances within it. Hence. Choice C is correct.

Because moderation of temperature will not fulfill the blood's transportation function, Option A cannot be considered. Because water's expansion or compression does not aid in blood transportation, Option B cannot be considered.

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(complete question)

Earth has an abundant supply of water and it is essential for human beings to live. More than half of an adult body mass is water. One of the important places water is found is in the blood. Blood transports nutrients like glucose throughout the body. What property of water is most important in allowing glucose to be dissolved in blood?

A. Water is able to moderate temperature well.

B. Water expands as it freezes.

C. Water is an excellent solvent.

D. Water exhibits cohesive behavior.

Examples of point mutation are:

A point mutation is a genetic mutation that happens when a single nucleotide base in the genome of an organism is altered, added, or deleted. Point mutations have a variety of impacts on the downstream protein product, with somewhat predictable outcomes depending on the mutation's characteristics. Location mutations, as opposed to huge portions of DNA, are alterations in the genetic sequence that occur at a single point along the DNA strand.

A single point mutation (a missense mutation) in the beta-hemoglobin gene, for example, turns a GAG codon into GUG, which produces valine rather than glutamic acid.

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Correct answer is :- Cell membrane or plasma membrane.

A cell is protected by its cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane. Additionally, it maintains a constant environment inside the cell, and that membrane serves a variety of purposes. One is to move compounds out of the cell that are harmful as well as nutrients into the cell. Another is that there will be proteins on the cell's membrane, which is its plasma membrane, that interact with other cells. Those proteins can be glycoproteins, meaning there's a sugar and a protein moiety, or they could be lipid proteins, meaning that there's a fat and a protein. And those proteins which stick outside of the plasma membrane will allow for one cell to interact with another cell. The cell membrane also provides some structural support.

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Eukaryotic initiation begins after the assembly of pre-initiation complex.

Pre-initiation complex (PIC) is an essential component of the process of transcription. It is comprised of around 100 types of proteins that together are involved for beginning the process. The complex is seen in eukaryotes as well as archaea. The major function of the complex is recruitment of RNA polymerase.

Transcription is the process which is a part of the central dogma. Here the DNA strand is used as a template to form the single-stranded RNA. The process occurs in the nucleus of the eukaryotic organisms. It is accomplished in three steps: initiation, elongation and termination.

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The only way to ultimately save coral reef is replanting reefs with coral from nurseries.

Coral reef  protect our coastlines, provide as homes to numerous marine species, and contribute to a balanced ocean food chain.

The vast limestone structures known as coral reefs are constructed by coral polyps. About 25% of all marine species known to exist are found on coral reefs, which are frequently referred to as the "rainforests of the sea."

Corals that build reefs define the underwater ecosystem known as a coral reef. Colonies of coral polyps that are joined by calcium carbonate build reefs. Most coral reefs are composed of stony corals, whose polyps cluster.

Coral reefs protect coastlines from erosion and storm damage, sustain local economies, and offer recreational opportunities. They are a source of both medications and fresh food. Over 500 million people rely on reefs for their protection, way of life, and food.

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Option  C is the correct answer that is savannas have relatively long dry seasons.

Temperature plays an important role in determining the type, adaptation and distribution of plants in the organism. For example the arctic tundra does not have much vegetation while the tropical rainforests have evergreen trees, evergreen trees shed their leaves to avoid winter while tropical rainforests have same needle shape. The drier savannas and tropical grasslands, on the other hand, have short grasses that can survive the heat.

Rainfall is characteristic of tropical forests due to the temperature range of [tex]$20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$[/tex]  to [tex]$34^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$[/tex] Precipitation is higher in tropical forests compared to savannas.

So option A is incorrect.

The climate is cold in the Arctic and Antarctic belts, so the temperature is always below [tex]$0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$[/tex] in the arctic tundra, because these arctic tundra climates are frozen almost all year round.

So choice B is incorrect.

Climate change occurs in tropical climates throughout the year. These climate changes are associated with hot and cold seasons because it has a unique growing season. These kinds of temperature differences are not there in the savannas.

So choice D is incorrect.

Savannas have a shorter dry season than any terrestrial biome. The dry and hot climate makes the leaves, grasses and trees live for a long time, because only grass can grow during the year and there are no large plants.

So choice C is the correct answer.

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The descriptions that apply to the ribosome is a cellular structure that is composed of both RNA and protein.

All cells contain ribosome, which are macromolecular organisms that carry out biological protein synthesis (mRNA translation). To create polypeptide chains, ribosomes combine amino acids in the order dictated by the codons of messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. The short and big ribosomal subunits are the two main parts of ribosomes. Each subunit is made up of numerous ribosomal proteins and one or more ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules (RPs or r-proteins). The translational apparatus also refers to the ribosomes and related components. A messenger RNA chain is produced from the DNA sequence that specifies the order of the amino acids in a protein. Messenger RNAs are bound by ribosomes, which use their sequences to determine the proper arrangement of amino acids to produce a specific protein. Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules choose which amino acids to transport to the ribosome and then bind to the messenger RNA chain via an anti-codon stem loop. There is a specific transfer RNA that must precisely match the anti-codon of each coding triplet (codon) in the messenger RNA and carries the appropriate amino acid for incorporation into a developing polypeptide chain. After the protein has been created, it can fold to create a useful three-dimensional structure.

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Mendel began by mating a purple-flowering plant that was true to breed with a white-flowering plant that was true to breed. All of the blooms in the F1 generation were purple. The F2 generation, which was produced by the self-pollination of F1 plants, has 25% white flowers and 75% purple blooms.

Mendel started his research by cultivating plants that were true-breeding for a specific characteristic. When self-pollinating, a true-breeding plant will always give birth to offspring with that characteristic. A plant with yellow seeds, for instance, will always have progeny with yellow seeds. Mendel created these plants by allowing plants with just one characteristic, such white flowers or purple flowers, to self-pollinate over a long period of time. He let this go on until he was certain that the plants' progeny always possessed only one characteristic—in this case, either purple flowers or white flowers.

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Viruses are often isolated from cells by filtration based upon the fact that they are smaller than the pore size of the filter.

Virus, a small, basic infectious agent that can reproduce only in live cells of animals, plants, or microorganisms. The term is derived from a Latin word that means "slimy liquid" or "poison." Dmitry I, a Russian scientist, conducted the first study on the biological nature of viruses in 1892.

A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that multiplies solely within an organism's live cells. Viruses infect all kinds of life, including animals and plants, as well as microbes such as bacteria and archaea. They proliferate at an astonishing pace, but only in living host cells. They are acellular, which means they lack cytoplasm and cellular organelles. They have no metabolic mechanism of their own and must multiply utilising the metabolic machinery of the host cell.

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Seasons are caused by the fact that the Earth is tilted on its axis by 23.5°. The tilt's orientation with respect to space does not change during the year.

Answer:

The statement that accurately describes what creates Earth's seasons is: B. Earth's seasons occur due to a 23.5° axial tilt toward or away from the Sun during a 365 day revolution around the Sun.

Explanation:

Earth's axis is tilted at an angle of approximately 23.5° relative to its orbit around the Sun. As Earth orbits the Sun, the tilt of the axis causes different parts of the Earth to receive different amounts of solar energy. This results in the seasonal variations in temperature and daylight that we experience on Earth.

During the summer months, the North Pole is tilted toward the Sun, causing the Northern Hemisphere to receive more direct sunlight and experience longer days and warmer temperatures. During the winter months, the North Pole is tilted away from the Sun, resulting in shorter days and cooler temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere. The opposite is true for the Southern Hemisphere, where the seasons are reversed.

I hope this helps!

Macrophages have the ability to phagocytize bacteria and prepare them for presentation.

The body's tissues are home to macrophages, which play a role in both health and sickness. It has recently become clear that the majority of adult tissue macrophages form during the embryonic stage rather than from circulating monocytes. There are both adult-derived and embryonically produced macrophages in every tissue, however it is not known whether macrophages from different origins may operate interchangeably or play different functions in steady state. The purpose of circulating monocytes is likewise being given new attention in light of this new knowledge. Ly6clo nonclassical monocytes and classical Ly6chi monocytes patrol the vasculature and extravascular space, respectively, in resting organs. Monocytes become macrophages when they are exposed to inflammation, although it is unknown whether resident macrophages and newly recruited macrophages have comparable roles during inflammation.

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Once the response is achieved in a cell then The relay proteins would need to be deactivated.

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The Application to the "Tree Authority" of your city or state to declare burning leaves is an offense is as follows:

To,

The Tree Authority,

Netaji Nagar.

New Delhi-110026

Subject: Application regarding restricting the burning of dried leaves by the sweepers of the municipal corporation.

Sir/ma'am

I stay in my flat no. 626, Vishal society, Netaji nager. I want to talk about the municipal corporation sweepers burning leaves in the park. The sweeper takes dried tree leaves from every part of the neighborhood and burns them to get rid of them.

Because of the emissions of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide into the air as a result of this practice, air pollution levels are rising.

The society secretary has asked them to stop this threat, but they continue to do so frequently. As a result, I would like to request that you immediately restrict this activity and inform them that burning leaves is an offense.

Yours sincerely,

Vikas Negi

Assistant Secretary

Vishal society, Delhi

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An abnormal or irregular heartbeat is known as a cardiac dysrhythmia. A dysrhythmia can cause your heart to beat too quickly or too slowly.

Another possibility is that your heart's rhythm is disturbed, giving you the impression that a beat has skipped. Cardiac dysrhythmia is the medical term for an abnormal or irregular heartbeat. Either your heartbeat is unusually slow, generally below 60 beats per minute, or it is abnormally rapid, usually exceeding 100 beats per minute. On the other hand, an irregular heartbeat suggests that there is a rhythmic issue with your heart. For instance, the electrical signal that controls your heartbeat may be disrupted by scar tissue in the heart. Alternately, the electrical impulse might start too quickly and have your heart skipping a beat. Then, after the little break, you'll notice a faster heartbeat.

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d. Pipeline inventory. The conditions of the transaction determine who owns any items that are in transit.

When the shipment is FOB, the seller is responsible for it because they are the owners of the goods while they are in transit. However, with a FOB selling point, the buyer owns the product that is in transit and is thus responsible for the shipping. Products that are on the way are referred to as pipeline inventory. Usually, there is a lead time before a merchant receives an order from a supplier for a product. However, the goods counts as a component of the buyer's inventory as soon as it has been paid for, regardless of how lengthy the lead time is.

The complete question is:

________ is inventory that has been ordered but is in transit.

a. Anticipation inventory

b. Decoupling inventory

c. Buffer inventory

d. Pipeline inventory

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Strain is the muscular injury may vary in severity from localized cellular injury to complete rupture of the muscle belly/tendon.

A strain to a muscle or muscle tendon is the same as a ligament sprain. Muscle strain occurs when muscle fibers cannot deal with the demands imposed on them by exercise overload, resulting in fiber tearing.

It is a contraction-induced injury that causes muscle fibers to break as a result of excessive mechanical stress. This is usually caused by a strong eccentric contraction or overstretching of the muscle. As a result, it is common in non-contact sports with dynamic qualities like running and leaping.

Grade I (mild) strains impact only a small number of muscle fibers. There is no loss of strength, and the range of motion is fully active and passive. Pain and soreness are frequently postponed till the next day.

In Grade II (moderate) strains, about half of the muscle fibers are ruptured. Acute and severe pain is followed by swelling and a little loss of muscular strength.

Grade III (severe) strains cause the muscle to completely rupture. This signifies that either the tendon has split from the muscle belly or the muscle belly has been ripped in two. This form of strain is distinguished by severe swelling and discomfort, as well as full loss of function.

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Answer:

An increase in sweat gland activity an increase in blood flow to the skin.

Explanation:

When the body temperature is abnormally high, thermoregulatory homeostasis is maintained by sweating and vasodilation.

Sweating:

This is a mechanism by which the body cools itself through the evaporation of water from the skin .Water is removed in form of sweat. As sweat evaporates, it removes heat from the body, which helps to lower the body temperature by cooling effect.

Vasodilation:

This  is a mechanism by which blood vessels in the skin dilate, allowing more blood to flow to the surface of the skin. This helps increase the amount of heat that is dissipated from the body, hence lower the body temperature. Also this increase in blood flow brings more oxygen to the cells of the body, which is important for maintaining proper metabolic function.#SPJ4

Of Mice and Men is a novel which was written by John Steinbeck in 1937. The conflicts in the story are:

1. Man vs. Nature: The main conflict here is the harshness of nature and the difficulty of finding work in the Great Depression. This conflict is never fully resolved, as it is a constant struggle for the characters throughout the novel.

2. Man vs. Himself: This is seen in George's internal struggle over his decision to kill Lennie to spare him from a worse fate. George ultimately decides to shoot Lennie himself, and though it is a difficult decision, he makes it to protect his friend.

3. Man vs. Society: This is seen in the discrimination and prejudice faced by Crooks and the other characters because of their race. This conflict is also never fully resolved, but the characters are able to find some solace in the understanding and friendship they have for one another.

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Popcorn kernels aren't living things.

Some characteristics they have that show proof they are living organisms:

The earth on which we dwell is composed of several elements. There are two categories of these "things": living things and non-living things.

Living creatures exhibit a range of traits to varying degrees, including breathing, moving, reacting to stimuli, procreating, growing, and being reliant on their surroundings.

Non-living creatures cannot breathe, move, grow, consume, or reproduce.

So, in conclusion popcorn kernels aren't living things.

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If the dna content of a diploid cell in the g1 phase of the cell cycle is x, then the dna content of a single cell at metaphase of meiosis ii would be same (x)

The G1 phase of the cell cycle immediately follows the cytokinesis stage of mitosis. Meiosis involves two divisions, Meiosis I and Meiosis II. Meiosis I sees the division of a diploid germ cells into two diploid daughter cells. Meiosis II sees the division of these diploid daughter cells into four separate haploid gametes.

In humans, a cell prior to meiosis I has 46 chromosomes which are each replicated to divide into two daughter cells, each of which will also possess 46 chromosomes. These chromosomes are then arranged and pulled apart to be split into two haploid gametes by the end of meiosis II. As the diploid cells don't divide into haploid gametes until cytokinesis in meiosis II, the cells would still be diploid in the metaphase II stage that occurs before this and therefore have an equal number of chromosomes, x, to a diploid cell in the G1 phase of the cell cycle.

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 Mongo seeds grown under sunlight sprout and grew better than those grown under darkness.

In this study, one of the factors that affect the growth of mongo seeds is sunlight. Sunlight, however, is not really required or responsible for the sprouting of seeds, but generally, it is necessary to plant growth.

Germination, on the other hand, requires moisture and temperature. Seeds store a lot of chemical energy in the form of fats and proteins that can be used to grow in the dark.

So we can conclude that the phases of the growth of the mongo seed are. Firstly, mongo seeds are soaked in water.

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Strategies to prevent osteoporosis except high intake of vitamin A (as retinol) and moderation in the consumption of caffeine.

Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin and an essential nutrient for humans. It is a group of organic compounds that includes retinol, retinal, retinoic acid, and several provitamin A carotenoids.

Retinol increases skin cell production (proliferation). It helps unclog pores. Retinol also exfoliates your skin and increases collagen production, which can reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, giving your skin a fresher, plump appearance.

Retinol helps eliminate and reduce signs of aging, improve appearance of fine lines and wrinkles and improve skin texture, which is a must for flawless-looking skin.

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According to biologists, gay behavior is common among nonhuman animals. Many human pursuits deviate from the statistical average, and as a result, they are occasionally seen to be unnatural.

This observation implies that immoral behavior is not always associated with unnatural activity. Over 1,000 animals have been shown to exhibit same-sex behavior, which can range from co-parenting to intercourse, and as researchers start to specifically seek for the behavior, the number will surely rise. Bisexuality is more common among animals than homosexuality, which is widely practiced. He goes on to add that in the animal realm, being entirely gay is "exceptionally unusual." You should be aware that there is presently no evidence to back up the notion that your dog or cat is gay, at least not in the way that humans define homosexuality. Still more than 130 different species of birds engage in gay behaviour, sometimes in large amounts.

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