Phytoplankton are said to release how much of the oxygen in Earth’s atmosphere?

A) between 5% and 10%

B) between 15% and 20%

C) less than 5%

D) more than 50%

Answer:

chemical composition

Explanation:

The term associated with the types of atoms in a mineral is chemical composition. The chemical composition of a mineral refers to the types of atoms that make up the mineral and the proportions in which they are present. Minerals are composed of chemical elements, and their chemical composition determines their physical and chemical properties.

For example, the chemical composition of the mineral quartz is silicon dioxide, which is composed of silicon and oxygen atoms in a specific ratio.

Environmental changes cause more adaptations than the competition because it is only a type of environmental constraint.

An evolutionary adaptive feature can be defined as any phenotypic characteristic that emerged by differential survival and reproduction of organisms under certain environmental conditions, which may be due to the process of competition since it represents a type of environmental factor shaping the evolution of species.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that evolutionary adaptive features are a result of different environmental constraints such as the competition between individuals of the same species.

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Solutes of all sizes can travel freely across compartments because water transports them via osmotic gradients is False , Size limits ability to diffuse.

The hypothalamus is home to the brain's thirst center. Endocrine disorders such as diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus can induce dehydration.

The force produced by a fluid against a wall, known as hydrostatic pressure, causes fluid to travel between compartments. The hydrostatic pressure of blood is the pressure produced by blood on the walls of blood vessels as a result of the heart's pumping action.

Water moves across cell membranes via diffusion and osmosis. The overall solute concentrations and the permeabilities of the solutes relative to water define the effective osmolality of a biological fluid.

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A inflammation (swelling) of a linings that protect the brain and spinal cord is known as meningitis.

Virus infection is frequently to blame for the irritation.Additionally, immune system issues and, less frequently, bacterial or fungi infections may be to blame.The inflammation may just impact a single region of the brain or multiple.

Meningococcal septicemia and meningococcemia is the term used by doctors to describe septicemia, a bloodstream infection brought on by Neisseria meningitidis.When a person gets meningococcal septicemia, the germs proliferate in the bloodstream and harm the blood vessel walls.The skin and internal organs bleed as a result of this.

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The suggested hypothesis is that fermentation may be to blame for the rise in lactate levels.

Bacteria with the capacity to utilize a variety of carbohydrate sources create lactic acid through the fermentation process. The primary bacteria utilised to create lactic acid are lactic acid bacteria, and among these, Lactobacillus spp. have demonstrated intriguing fermentation abilities.

Lactic acid fermentation was a consequence of a deficiency in oxygen inside the muscle cells. This is because oxygen is required by the cell as a terminal electron acceptor in order to make ATP.

Therefore, The suggested hypothesis is that fermentation may be to blame for the rise in lactate levels.

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The genotype for each person based on the description is as follows:

The alleles which are able to express themselves independently, even when present together are called codominant alleles, and this biological phenomenon is known as codominance.

ABO blood grouping in humans represents an example of codominance in which it is controlled by gene I. Gene I has three alleles, i.e. [tex]I^A, I^B, and I^O.[/tex]

Therefore, the genotype for each person based on the description is well-described above.

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A type of fossil fuel,known as Tar stands.

A fossil fuel is a hydrocarbon-containing material formed naturally in to  the Earth's crust from to the  remains of dead plants and animals and birds that is the  extracted and burned as thr  a fuel. The main fossil  fuels are mainly coal, oil, and natural gas.

Tar sands are a combination of clay, sand, water and bitumen, which is a heavy hydrocarbon. Like the  kerogen in oil shale, tar sands' bitumen can be upgraded to synthetic crude oil.

So answer is tar sands.

These include tar sands – deposits of moist sand and it is  clay with 1-2 percent  bitumen (thick and heavy are  petroleum rich in the  carbon and poor in the  hydrogen). These are the  removed by strip mining in the  (see section below on coal)

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The correct will vs would usage from the sentence above is

"will fail if the density of the timber wolf population in that region is greater than".

The difference between WILL аnd WOULD is relаted to the certаinty of the informаtion expressed in the sentence. In other words, how sure is the аuthor аbout thаt topic.

In this sentence "would fail if the density of the timber wolf population in that region is more numerous",  we are sure thаt the reintroduction of the cаribou WILL fаil if the timber wolf populаtion is greаter. If we were not so sure, we would hаve to use WOULD.

For this conditionаl (if X then Y) questions, you need to hаve corresponding tenses, depending on whether you hаve а 1st, 2nd, or 3rd conditionаl.

1st conditionаl: If X hаppens, then Y will hаppen

2nd conditionаl: If X hаppened, then Y would hаppen

3rd conditionаl: If X hаd hаppened, then Y would hаve hаppened

Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question could see in the attachment.

Thus, the correct option is D.

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A. trp-lys-met-cys-met-ala B. lys-met-cys-phe-ala-trp  C. trp-ala-phe-cys-met-lys  D. lys-ala-cys-phe-met-trp  E. lys-met-cys-ala-phe-trp

Pay attention to the pronunciation.  the organization of amino acids in a protein.Twenty different types of amino acids can be used to create proteins, and the types of amino acids used to create each protein and how they are ordered affect the structure and function of each protein.

A one or three character code can be used to represent amino acid sequences.The precise formatting of sequences varies depending on the application; by convention, single-letter codes always are capitalized.

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Answer:

B-Adaption

Explanation:

According to Jesse Kroll, an MIT professor of chemical engineering and civil engineering who specializes in atmospheric composition, the primary method used by scientists to quantify greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is spectroscopy. Thus, option A is correct.

Only 0.04% of the atmosphere is made up of carbon dioxide, and water vapor levels can range from 0% to 4%. However, while being the main greenhouse gas in our atmosphere, water vapor possesses “windows” that let some infrared light pass through without being absorbed.

Therefore, find a location outside with pure, unpolluted air, then use a special kind of flask to collect an air sample.

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ESPSs are caused by the movement of  Na+ out of the cell

Ion transporters and ion channels are responsible for ionic movements across neuronal membranes.

This difference in electrical potential is generated because the potassium ions flow down their concentration gradient and take their electrical charge (one positive charge per ion) with them as they go.

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Answer:

horse

Explanation:

Based on this evidence, the animal with the closest evolutionary relationship to humans is the horse. Molecular evidence for evolution is based on the study of the genetic makeup of different species to understand their evolutionary relationships. In this case, the scientist is comparing the DNA sequences of different animals and observing the number of differences between them. Since horses have only one different DNA molecule compared to humans, this suggests that they are closely related and likely evolved from a common ancestor, making them the closest evolutionary relative to humans among the animals listed.

The feeding grounds should be kept open because of the fact that they help the conservation efforts though some think that it should be closed because of scarcity of land.

There are so many animals that are native to the arctic region that we really to intensify the conservation efforts for those species. These are the species that we see that are quite endangered and we need to protect.

One of the animal that belong to these species that are about to become thus extinct is the elk. This an animal that is know to gather around the arctic region so as to bee able to feed in the snow in the winter. This is why the government has advocated that there should be feeding grounds to conserve the populations.

This has been thought by some people to take up the and that could have been used for some other developmental purposes and this is thus a waste of land. On the other had , the conservation efforts are important so the feeding ground should be kept open.

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A dermatome represents a sensory part of the surface of the body that is innervated by a single spinal nerve.

А dermаtome is аn аreа of skin supplied by а single spinаl nerve. These nerves trаnsmit sensаtions, such аs pаin, from а specific аreа of your skin to your CNS. Our body hаs 30 dermаtomes.

Spinаl nerves аre pаrt of your peripherаl nervous system (PNS). The spinаl nerves help to relаy sensory, motor, аnd аutonomic informаtion between the rest of the body аnd centrаl nervous system (CNS). There аre 31 pаirs of spinаl nerves, forming nerve roots thаt brаnch from your spinаl cord.

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When under sustained, strong pressure, E. coli K12 mutants with fl-galactosidase gene deletions (lacZ) can regain their capacity to hydrolyze fl-galactosides.

Humans who are exposed to the E. coli strain known as O157:H7 develop a serious intestinal infection. The majority of people get sick from this strain.

E. coli has been divided into more than 700 different serotypes. Some strains of E. coli can cause severe abdominal cramps, bloody diarrhea, and vomiting, but the majority of varieties are harmless or only cause mild diarrhea.

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Answer:

A

Explanation:

The idea is kinda like the more diverse individuals in a population are, the more chance that one of the individuals has immunity to a disease and is therefore able to survive when an epidemic happens. For example, imagine if all humans were exactly identical, kind of like clones of each other....then if there was some kind of disease that suddenly appeared, then all the humans would die because they have no resistance to it.

The transition had an effect on the geosphere.

A glacier is a slow-moving mass of ice or an ice river. Based on where they occur, glaciers are divided into two categories: valley glaciers and continental glaciers. A glacier is a slow-moving mass of ice or "a river of ice." Based on where they occur, glaciers are roughly divided into two categories: valley glaciers and continental glaciers.

The movement of glaciers, which resemble rivers of ice, is known as glacial motion. It has been crucial in the shaping of numerous landscapes. The majority of lakes on earth are located in glacier-carved basins.

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Wolves facilitate hunting opportunities for bears, but bears modify the predatory behavior of wolves in several ways, making them primarily hostile to wolves. So the relationship between bears and wolves is of competition.

Competition is a fundamental ecological concept that drives everything from long-term evolutionary processes and large-scale community structures to real-time individual behavior.

Brown bears (Ursus arctos) and gray wolves (Canis lupus) are the two most widespread apex predators in the northern hemisphere (Ordiz, Krofel, et al., 2020). Recent studies have shown that sympathizing with bears reduces wolf kill rates (i.e., increases the time between kills) (Tallian, Ordiz, et al., 2017). However, the mechanisms that cause changes in wolf predatory dynamics remain. Unknown if bears are present. Existence. Here we use GPS-derived migration and predation data of wolves and data describing the presence of brown bears from two long-term research projects in Europe (Scandinavia) and North America (Yellowstone National Park, USA). and the role of intervention and exploitative competition with brown bears on the predatory behavior of wolves.

We assessed how the presence of bears affected foraging and processing times in wolves during two seasons with different potential interspecies interactions.

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They support evolution because they imply that an organism changed from using the structure to not using it or using it for a different purpose.

What is a vestigial structure in biology?

A biological structure is considered to be outmoded if it wasn't outmoded in its company's ancestors. Such a structure is seen by evolutionary biologists as a remnant of a feature that was more completely operational and frequently larger in the ancestors of the relevant creature.

What are a vestibule as well as an example?

Vestigial structures are those that resemble the remains of an earlier progenitor but serve no obvious purpose. The mammalian colon and a snake's pelvic bone are instances of vestiges.

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In the human body, enzymes function as catalysts to speed up reactions by helping to lower the activation energy needed to start a reaction.

Although some RNA molecules can also act as enzymes, proteins constitute the vast majority of enzymes.

The primary function of enzymes is to decrease the activation energy, or the energy required for a process to start. Enzymes bind to reactant molecules and hold them in place to enable the chemical bond-forming and bond-breaking processes.

The energy of the transition state, which products must pass through in order to become reactants, is reduced by enzymes. 

Instead of using energy to move till they collide at random, they might group the reactants together to make it easier for them to interact. They could direct the process along a different pathway with lower activation energy.

By tying them to the active site, they might place the reactants correctly. As a result, the reactants can interact with less energy because they won't have to fight against intermolecular forces that would normally try to separate them.

Temperature, ionic circumstances, and environmental pH all have an impact on how quickly an enzyme.

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Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by providing a lower activation energy barrier for the reaction to occur.

Lower activation barrier means that less energy is required for the reaction to proceed, which in turn increases the rate at which the reaction occurs. Enzymes work by binding to the reactants of a reaction in a specific way, forming an enzyme-substrate complex. This binding causes a structural change in the enzyme or substrate, which reduces the activation energy needed for the reaction to occur.

The active site of the enzyme is where the chemical reaction takes place. This active site contains amino acid residues that help to stabilize the transition state of the reaction, which is the point at which the reactants are converted into products.

Enzymes can also increase the rate of reaction by increasing the concentration of the reactants at the active site of the enzyme, increasing the collision frequency of the reactants, and increasing the local pH, temperature, and pressure.

Enzymes are essential for many biochemical reactions that take place in our cells and are vital for life. Without enzymes, many metabolic processes would be too slow to sustain life and the rate of chemical reactions would be drastically reduced.

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Mendel knew that the parents' alleles segregated randomly when forming gametes and traits are passed independently of one another.

Dihybrid cross is a genetic cross for two traits ( like color and shape of the seed). The main purpose of the dihybrid cross that was performed by Mendel was to determine relationship between different pairs of alleles.

When he performed the dihybrid cross, he got the phenotypic ratio 9:3:3:1 corresponding to nine with round and yellow seeds, three with round and green seeds, three with wrinkled and yellow seeds, and one with wrinkled and green seeds.

Therefore, Mendel knew that the parents' alleles segregated randomly when forming gametes and traits are passed independently of one another.

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NH₄ is assimilated into organic molecules by which reaction of the glutamate synthetase

Ammonium (NH₄) is assimilated into glutamate. Glutamate is one of the amino acids that undergoes oxidative deamination, releasing free ammonia (NH₃) for urea synthesis. When free ammonia is formed in peripheral tissues, it must be transported to the liver, where it is converted to urea. This occurs via the "glucose-alanine cycle".

The non-toxic storage and transport form of ammonia in the liver is glutamine. Ammonia is filled by glutamine synthetase through the reaction NH₃ + glutamate → glutamine. It is found in almost every tissue in the body. Ammonia is obtained by glutaminase by the reaction, glutamine → NH₃ + glutamate. It is found mainly in the kidneys and intestines and in very low concentrations in the liver. This reaction is caused by acidosis.

This question is multiple choice:

A. glutamate synthetase

B. enoyl-ACP reductase

C. Rubisco

D. nitrogenase

And true choice is A

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    Microbe                                       Most appropriate target for a drug

Candida albicans                                    ergosterol

Human immunodeficiency virus             reverse transcription

Mycobacterium tuberculosis                   mycolic acid synthesis

Influenza virus                                           neuraminidase

Staphylococcus aureus                           peptidoglycan synthesis

Nematodes                                               helminthic neurons

Entamoeba histolytica                              heme detoxification.

Examples of microorganisms include microscopic fungi protozoa algae bacteria and archaea. Technically, microorganisms or microorganisms are microscopic organisms. The study of microorganisms is called microbiology. Microorganisms are bacteria fungi archaea or protists.

Different types of bacteria are called strains rather than seeds. strains are groups of bacterial microorganisms derived from the same organism that may be descended from another organism sharing similar traits adapted to environments and characterized by physiological or morphological alterations.

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Scientists study soil as a way to measure global climate change because the concentration of certain substances in the soil is indicative of the change in climate conditions and the homeostatic equilibrium of the biosphere.

The homeostatic equilibrium of the biosphere is associated with changes in climate conditions (for example the acidification of ocean bodies are indicative of increased methane, which is a greenhouse gas).

Therefore, with this data, we can see that the homeostatic equilibrium of the biosphere is affected by climate change.

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Osmosis is a biological process involving the movement of water molecules in cells from the region of higher water potential to the region of lower water potential with the involvement of selectively permeable membranes.

Usually, regions of higher water potentials in cells usually have lower concentrations of solutes while regions of lower water potentials have higher solute concentrations.

Thus, the image represents the movement of water from 10% glucose outside the cell to the inside of the cell with 50% glucose while the cell membrane acts as the selectively permeable interface.

Both endo and exocytosis represent the movement of materials with respect to the cell. While endocytosis involves the movement of materials into the cell, exocytosis does otherwise.

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Answer:

you didn’t list the animals

Explanation:

pls give brainliest

Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects the lungs and can spread to other organs from the lungs. When an infected individual coughs, the bacteria can enter the air and infect nearby individuals. The mode of transmission for the M. Tuberculosis pathogen is the nasal route. The portal of entry for M. tuberculosis is nose.

Instead of spreading through surface-to-surface contact, M. tuberculosis spreads through the air and spread to other organ from the lung. the transmission by nasal route through the nose. M. tuberculosis-carrying droplet nuclei that are inhaled pass through the mouth, nose, upper respiratory tract, and bronchi before arriving at the lungs' alveoli. Transmission is the term for this.

Mycobacterium TB can grow in a somewhat acidic and possibly nutrient-restricted environment seen in the innate immune cell vacuoles of macrophages. Other mycobacterial species are exposed to acidic environments in aquatic and terrestrial habitats.

TB germs can harm the kidney, spine, and brain in addition to the lungs, which is where they usually attack. Not everyone exposed to TB germs becomes ill.

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The given statements about climate change could affect population growth in aphids :

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