1.56% of the original sample would be left after 108 days.
What are radioactive element?
The atoms that make up radioactive elements have unstable nuclei, and as a means of achieving stability, they emit atomic radiation. Radioactive atoms are converted into another chemical element through radiation emission, which can either make the element stable or radioactive enough to cause additional decay.
Due to the extra nuclear charge present inside of some atomic nuclei, these unstable elements undergo radioactive decay to generate stable nuclei. These substances are referred to as radioactive substances.
Therefore, 1.56% of the original sample would be left after 108 days.
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4. A representation of one unit of C6H12O6 in water is shown below.
(The water molecules are intentionally not shown.)
(a) What is wrong with this representation?
What is wrong with the representation is that the atoms of the compound are isolated rather than combined together.
Why is the representation wrong?We know that a compound is composed of atoms. The atoms that make up the compound are not just isolated. The atoms can be combined in such a manner that they are intricately connected to each other and not disconnected as we see in the image.
Thus, when we can see in this image has more to do with the existence of atoms than it does the existence of the molecule that can be called glucose which was the intended representation.
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At a certain temperature, 0.4811 mol of N2 and 1.601 mol of H2 are placed in a 2.50 L container.
N2(g)+3H2(g)↽−−⇀2NH3(g)
At equilibrium, 0.1401 mol of N2 is present. Calculate the equilibrium constant, c .
According to chemical equilibrium, the equilibrium constant for the given reaction is 0.0099.
What is chemical equilibrium?Chemical equilibrium is defined as the condition which arises during the course of a reversible chemical reaction with no net change in amount of reactants and products.
At equilibrium, the two opposing reactions which take place take place at equal rates and there is no net change in amount of the substances which are involved in the chemical reaction.
Factors which affect chemical equilibrium are change in concentration , change in pressure and temperature and presence of catalyst. Equilibrium constant is calculated as,K=[NH₃]²/[N₂][H₂]³ where square brackets denote concentration ,∴K=[0.1401]²/[0.4811][1.601]³
=0.0196/1.974=0.0099
Thus, equilibrium constant is 0.0099.
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explain the three forces at work that hold an atom together
An atom is held together by three forces: the strong nuclear force, the electromagnetic force, and the weak nuclear force.
The strong nuclear force is the strongest of the three forces and is responsible for binding the protons and neutrons together in the nucleus of an atom. The strong nuclear force is a short-range force that acts only over a very small distance, and it is strong enough to overcome the repulsive forces between the protons, which are positively charged particles.
The electromagnetic force is the second strongest of the three forces, and it is responsible for binding the electrons to the nucleus of an atom. The electromagnetic force is a long-range force that acts over a larger distance than the strong nuclear force, and it is caused by the attraction between opposite charges (positive and negative).
The weak nuclear force is the weakest of the three forces, and it is responsible for certain types of radioactive decay, such as beta decay. The weak nuclear force is a short-range force that acts only over a very small distance, and it is much weaker than the strong nuclear force and the electromagnetic force.
Overall, the three forces at work that hold an atom together are the strong nuclear force, the electromagnetic force, and the weak nuclear force. These forces act at different ranges and with different strengths, but they all play a crucial role in maintaining the stability and integrity of an atom.
how do the reported and calculated values of ka and pka for acetic acid compare? explain any possible experimental errors.
Although the pKa constant is 4.8 and is a more straightforward expression, the Ka constant for acetic acid (CH3COOH) is 0.0000158 (= 10-4.8). Additionally, the strength of the acid increases with decreasing pKa values.
For instance, lactic acid has a pKa value of roughly 3.8, which indicates that it is a stronger acid than acetic acid.
Acetic acid, officially known as ethanoic acid, is an organic substance with the chemical formula CH3COOH that is acidic, colorless, and liquid (also written as CH3CO2H, C2H4O2, or HC2H3O2). Apart from water and other trace ingredients, vinegar has at least 4% acetic acid by volume, making acetic acid its primary ingredient.
The second-simplest carboxylic acid is acetic acid (after formic acid). It serves as a significant industrial chemical and reagent in the manufacture of cellulose acetate.
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Calculate the number of moles of MnO4- in 20. 1 mL of 0. 020 M potassium permanganate solution.
Calculate the number of moles of hydrogen peroxide needed to react with 20. 5 mL of 0. 020 M potassium permanganate solution
The number of moles of hydrogen peroxide is 0.402 moles
Calculation:
Water volume, V = 20.1 mL.
MnO4 has a molarity of 0.020 M.
To Locate:the quantity of potassium permanganate solution in moles.
Solution:
Molarity is determined by:
M = Volume in liters/Numbers of moles
0.020=n/20.1
n=0.020×20.1
n=0.402moles
As a result, 0.402 moles of potassium permanganate solution are present.
How many moles are there in chemistry?6.02214076 x 1023 of any chemical unit, such as atom, molecules, ions, and others, constitute a mole. Due to the large number of atoms, molecules, or other components that make up any substance, the mole is a useful measure to utilize.
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you performed a liquid-liquid extraction to isolate isopentyl acetate. was the isopentyl acetate a component of the organic layer or of the aqueous layer?
Isopentyl acetate is found in organic layer.
What do aqueous layer and organic layer mean?In this procedure, the organic product is isolated from inorganic substances. The organic product will be soluble in an organic solvent (organic layer) while the inorganic substances will be soluble in water (aqueous layer).
Solvents with significant dipole moments, the ability to separate charges, and the capacity to dissolve ions and other polar compounds are known as polar solvents. They comprise bonds between elements like oxygen and hydrogen that have widely varied electronegativities.
Non-polar solvents are defined as solvents that are made up of atoms with marginally different electronegativities. They have bonds between elements like carbon and hydrogen that have similar electronegativities. bonds with other atoms. Bonds between atoms with similar electronegativities will lack partial charges.
due to presence of large alkyl chain in isopentyl acetate
isopentyl acetate acts as a non polar compound , so its readily soluble in organic solvents rather then polar aqueous solvent
so isopentyl acetate is found in organic layer.
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Listed in the Item Bank are key terms and expressions, each of which is associated with one of the columns. Some terms may display additional information when you click on them. Drag and drop each item into the correct column. Order does not matter.
Answer:
Elements: U and Li
Compounds: [tex]H_2O[/tex], [tex]MgCl_2[/tex], and [tex]Li(OH)_2[/tex]
Explanation:
Elements are pure substances that are not bonded with any other atom. They are found in the Periodic Table of Elements. For this question, only U and Li are pure substances, they are the only items listed in the Periodic Table, and they are the only elements in the list.
Compounds are groups of elements that are chemically bonded. When writing them, the elements that compose them are listed. [tex]H_2O[/tex] is two hydrogen and one water, [tex]MgCl_2[/tex] is one magnesium and two chlorine, and [tex]Li(OH)_2[/tex] is one lithium and two hydroxide ions. The two hydroxide ions are composed of one hydrogen and one oxygen each. These three items are all compounds of various elements.
which molecule below has hydrogen bonding? which molecule below has hydrogen bonding? hf ch3oh nh3 h2o all of the above
Hydrogen bonds exist in the water molecule below.
What are the three components of a hydrogen bond?Only molecules in which hydrogen is covalently bound to either fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen experience hydrogen bonding. These three elements are sufficiently electronegative that they remove the majority of the electron density from the hydrogen atom's covalent link, leaving the latter atom with an extremely low electron density.
How does a hydrogen bond develop?A hydrogen atom that is connected to an electronegative atom moves toward another electronegative atom nearby to form hydrogen bonds, which are potent intermolecular forces. The hydrogen-bond strength will rise as the hydrogen bond acceptor's electronegativity increases.
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714.0g of KBr will decompose fully to produce how many liters of Bromine gas?
2KBr (s) → 2K (s) + Brz (g)
One of the reactant atoms in a redox reaction undergoes oxidation while the other undergoes reduction.
What are Redox Reactions?An electron transfer between two reactants that are involved in a chemical reaction is known as a redox reaction. Observing variations in the oxidation states of the reacting species will help you spot this transfer of electrons.Below is an illustration of a redox reaction showing the transport of electrons between two reactants.As seen in the image below, reactant A underwent an oxidation reaction after losing an electron, which is the reactant. Similar to reactant A, reactant B also received an electron, resulting in reduction.Oxidation is the process of a given reactant losing electrons and changing from a reduced to a more oxidized state. Reduction is the process of adding electrons to a reactant and causing it to become less oxidised.The term "oxidizing agents" refers to electron-accepting species that have a tendency to reduce redox processes. A reducing agent is an electron-donating substance that typically gives away electrons. Oxidation is a common process for these species. It should be noted that any redox reaction can be divided into the oxidation half-reaction and the reduction half-reaction.The Complete Question is redox Reaction.
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3. a) although amino acids are often drawn in an uncharged form, they exist primarily in the form of a zwitterion. draw the zwitterion form for a general amino acid
An amino acid may function as both an acid and a base because of its structural makeup. Because almost all amino acid molecules exist as zwitterions at a certain pH value (different for each amino acid), an amino acid possesses this capacity.
What does an amino acid have in its zwitterionic form?A functional group molecule called a zwitterion contains at least one positive electrical charge and one negative electrical charge. The whole molecule has a negative net charge. Amino acids are among the most well-known Zwitterions. Both a basic group of amines and a group of carboxyls are present (acidic).
An isoelectric point exists for each zwitterion (pI). A zwitterion is uncharged at the pH known as the isoelectric point.
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My topic is cell phone radiation’s for my stem fair project, what should be my question and hypothesis?
Here are some potential questions and hypotheses for a stem fair project on cell phone radiation:
Question: Does the distance between a cell phone and a person's head affect the level of radiation exposure?
Hypothesis: If a cell phone is held closer to a person's head, then the level of radiation exposure will be higher.
Question: Do different types of cell phone cases affect the level of radiation exposure?
Hypothesis: If a cell phone is covered by a case made of a certain material, then the level of radiation exposure will be lower.
Question: How does the amount of time a person spends on their cell phone affect their level of radiation exposure?
Hypothesis: If a person spends more time on their cell phone, then their level of radiation exposure will be higher.
It's important to note that these are just a few potential ideas, and you may want to come up with your own question and hypothesis based on your interests and the resources available to you. It's also important to conduct thorough research and use reliable sources to support your conclusions.
decide which element probably forms a compound with oxygen that has a chemical formula most and least similar to the chemical formula of the compound formed by oxygen and indium.
The element that most likely creates a compound using oxygen with a chemical formula that is similar to that of the
What are an element and a compound?Atoms of various elements are combined chemically in a predetermined ratio to form a compound. A pure chemical composition made up of only one type of atom is referred to as an element. Composition. Different elements are arranged in compounds in a certain sequence and fixed ratio through chemical bonding.
What is a compound, exactly?(KOM-pownd) a material created by joining two or more distinct elements chemically in science. Examples of compounds are sodium chloride (NaCl), which is generated from of the components sodium and chloride, and water (H2O), which is created from the components hydrogen and oxygen.
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Imagine you work a a conultant, and your daily job involve litening to the contructive criticim of other. A part of your job, you mut liten to oppoing viewpoint to make important deciion. In thi activity, you are a conulting dam engineer. You mut make a deciion about four different dam; hould they be repaired, taken down, or left alone? You will liten to contrating opinion about what hould be done with the dam before you make the final deciion. A the conulting dam engineer, what do you decide to do with thi dam? Explain your reaoning. By making your deciion, did you upport the opinion of the mayor and/or the dam afety official? Why or why not?
The lack of information is the major reason behind the delay in process of decision making and construction procedure.
According to the given, there are several challenges that may occur. However, there are few points which are very difficult to follow, these are:
Listening to opposing viewpoints.
Listening to the opinions from other contrasts.
Consider any of the structural, meteorological, or environmental characteristics of this dam.
Illuminate, clarify, support, or justify my reasoning
Considering the opinion of the mayor
Considering the opinion of the dam safety officer
The reason for the difficulty behind all of these is the lack of information given in the question.
What are the principles of construction and design ?
There is whole lot more details and information needed to display on the existing structure, its history and its composition. If that's too much trouble for them, or they don't like it, then they can go and get themselves another dam consulting engineer.
Thus, we can conclude that the lack of information is the major reason behind the delay in process of decision making and construction procedure.
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Covalent compounds Need you guys
a. The names for the chemical compounds in the task given above are as follows:
CO₂: Carbon dioxideP5N7: Pentaphosphorus heptanitride.CO: Carbon monoxideP5Br3: Pentaphosphorus tribromideSF6: Sulfur hexafluorideN2O8: Nitrooxyperoxy nitrateSCl4: Sulfur tetrachlorideSi2Br9: Disilicon nonabromideMg3P2: Magnesium phosphideBaO: Barium oxideCa3N2: Calcium nitrideLiI: Lithium iodideb. The formula for the compound given above are:
Chlorine dioxide: ClO₂Dinitrogen trioxide: N₂O₃Phosphorus pentoxide: O₁₀P₄Dihydrogen monoxide: H₂OHexaboron monosilicide: B6SiChlorine dioxide: ClO₂Hydrogen monoiodide: HIHexaboron hexasilicide: B6Si6.What is a compound?It is a substance formed between two two or more different elements which are chemical compound together and whose properties are entirely different from the properties of the contribution elements.
In conclusion, we can now confirm from the explanation given above that a compound could be ionic or molecular.
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a compound composed of 3.3% h, 19.3% c, and 77.4% o has a molar mass of approximately 60 g/mol. what is the molecular formula of the compound?
A substance with a molar mass of around 60 g/mol with a composition of 3.3% H, 19.3% C, and 77.4% O has the chemical formula CH2O3.
Definition of the molecular formula:The number of atoms of each element in one molecule of a substance is specified by the molecular formula. It displays the precise count of every atom in a molecule. For instance, propane has the chemical formula C4H10.
The chemical formula is what?An statement that lists the quantity and kind of atoms in a substance's molecules is known as a molecular formula. Examples: Hexane molecules have a chemical formula of C6H14 and include 6 C and 14 H atoms.
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Which of the molecules has the highest boiling point? Enter the number of the liquid into the text entry box. Do not enter the molecular formula.
Liquid 1: CH4
Liquid 2: CH3CH3
Liquid 3: CH3CH₂CH3
Liquid 4: CH3CH₂CH₂CH3
According to the given information Liquid 2 CH3CH3 of the molecules has the highest boiling point.
What is melting and boiling point?The heat at which a quality of output into a liquid under normal air pressure is known as the melting point. Boiling point: The temperature at which a liquid's vapor pressure matches the pressure around it, turning the liquid into vapor (and vice versa).
The boiling point phase is what?The temperature from which a pure material changes from such a liquid to a liquid is known as its boiling point. The liquid's vapor pressure is now equal to the pressure being exerted on it. The boiling points point is the specific heat at one atmosphere of pressure.
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You would expect a sulfur-selenium bond to
be
1. polar, with the selenium end having a
partial positive charge.
2. non-polar, with neither end having a partial charge.
3. polar, with neither end having a partial
charge.
4. non-polar, with the sulfur end having a
partial positive charge.
5. non-polar, with the selenium end having
a partial positive charge.
6. polar, with the sulfur end having a partial
positive charge.
We would expect a sulfur-selenium bond to be polar, with the selenium end having a partial positive charge.
Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.
What is Sulfur-selenium bond ?The size of an atom shrinks with increasing forces of attraction and shrinks with increasing forces of repulsion, according to Coulomb's Law. According to the periodic trends, selenium is the only element in the same group that is larger than a sulfur atom, while oxygen is the only one that is smaller.
The periodic table's group 6A or 16 is where sulfur is located.
Six electrons make up the valence shells of group 6A elements.
Group 6a of the periodic table include elements with valencies that are typically 2, 4, or 6. According to periodic patterns, the elements in group 6A have larger atoms as they descend the group due to the addition of an extra electron shell to the atoms of the elements.
Other elements in group 6A include tellurium, selenium, and oxygen.
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the binding energy of the 1s electron in nitrogen is 409.9 ev. what wavelength of light is required to remove this core electron from the atom
The formula for an electron's energy is E=2.1781018J(n2Z2). wavelength of light needed to move an electron from level n=1 to n=2 in an atom of hydrogen.
A hydrogen atom's electron binding energy is 13.6 electron volts. How much power is needed to remove?The energy needed to remove the electron from Li++'s first excited state is if the binding energy of the electron in a hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV. (A) 122.4eV.
How can you determine an electron's binding energy to a metal?It is necessary to ascertain the electrical configuration of the given nucleus and the level from which the electron has been ejected. Discover the wavelength that matches the ejected condition. the difference in energy level between the electron.
Calculation:electron's energy is E=2.1781018J(n2Z2)
level n=1 to n=2
hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV. (A) 122.4eV.
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what is meant by the pe of an aqueous solution? what does a low (negative) pe value imply about the solution? what species determines the pe value in aerated water?
Low pE suggests that materials dissolved in the water are easily accessible sources of electrons.
Which ions are also most common in pure, freshwater resources?Calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), and potassium (K) are the most prevalent cations in water, whereas bicarbonate (HCO3), chloride (Cl), and sulphate are the most prevalent anions (SO4).
Higher alkalinity levels in surface waters will buffer acid rain and other acid pollutants and avoid pH shifts that are hazardous to aquatic life. Alkalinity is a measure of how much acid can be added to a liquid without creating a significant change in pH.
Rapid temperature changes in an untreated natural body of water are known as thermal pollution. The most frequent source of this pollution is hot discharge from an industrial site.
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How did the scientists know that atoms of element 115 had been created?
=》 ᴛʜᴇʏ ʟᴏᴏᴋ ꜰᴏʀ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴇᴄᴀʏ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛꜱ. ᴛʜᴇʏ ʟᴏᴏᴋ ꜰᴏʀ ᴛᴇʟʟᴛᴀʟᴇ ꜱɪɢɴꜱ ꜰᴏʀ ᴡʜᴇɴ 115 ᴅɪꜱɪɴᴛᴇɢʀᴀᴛᴇꜱ, ʙʏ ᴡʜᴀᴛ'ꜱ ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ᴀʟᴘʜᴀ ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ ᴇᴍɪꜱꜱɪᴏɴ. ᴡʜᴇɴ ᴛʜᴇʏ ꜱᴇᴇ ᴇɴᴏᴜɢʜ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴏꜱᴇ ꜱɪɢɴᴀʟꜱ, ᴛʜᴇʏ ᴄᴀɴ ꜱᴀʏ ᴛʜᴇʏ ᴘʀᴏʙᴀʙʟʏ ꜰᴏʀᴍᴇᴅ ᴀ ɴᴇᴡ ᴇʟᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ.
Why does the succession process struggle to regain its balance after certain environmental changes caused by human activities?
Answer:
Ecological succession is the process by which
the mix of species and habitat in an area changes over time.Gradually, these communities replace one another until a “climax community”—like a mature forest—is reached, or until a disturbance, like a fire, occurs. Ecological succession is a fundamental concept in ecology.
Explanation:
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chemical reactions and nuclear reactions have different kinetic behavior. what is the order for a nuclear decay reaction?
The chemical reactions and nuclear reactions have different kinetic behavior. the order for a nuclear decay reaction is first order.
The chemical reaction is the reaction in which molecules interact to form the product. while in the nuclear reaction is the type of the reaction in which the change in the structure of nucleus takes place with the release of the energy. the chemical reactions and the nuclear reaction have the different kinetic behavior. in the chemical reaction the balance term is the mass while in the nuclear reaction the balance term is the mass and the energy both.
Thus the order of the nuclear decay is the first order.
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The degree of polarity of a covalent bond between two atoms is determined by calculating the difference in their.
Answer:
electronegativities
Explanation:
The polarity of a covalent bond can be judged by determining the difference in the electronegativities of the two atoms making the bond. The greater the difference in electronegativities, the greater the imbalance of electron sharing in the bond.
Whose discovery led to the discovery of the proton?
A. Dalton
B. Rutherford
C. Aristotle
D. Bohr
An order requiring a limited-quantity Hazmat label or a lithium-battery label must be placed on a corrugate box rather than a padded envelope. True of Flase
Hazmat or lithium battery labeled order must be placed inside a well closed corrugate box rather than a padded envelope. Thus, the statement is true.
What is Hazmat label?Standard hazard class identifiers that adhere to guidelines are called Hazmat Labels. Each label has markings that specify the kind of hazard that is mentioned there.
They aid in determining the kind of hazardous item that is contained in a package. Hazardous material packaging, such as overpacks or UN-certified packaging, is given these hazmat labels and handling labels.
These labels are indicative of the danger associated with the chemicals inside and they have to well enclosed within a corrugate box.
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Halogen lamp bulbs are usually filled with bromine or iodine vapour at 5.0 atm pressure then sealed while at room temperature. When turned on, the glass bulb heats up to 1150°C. If room temperature is 20.0 °C, determine the pressure in the bulb when it reaches its operating temperature.
According to ideal gas equation and assuming number of moles as 1 and volume as 6.35×10[tex]^-6[/tex] liters the pressure in the bulb is 1.837×10[tex]^-3[/tex] atmospheres.
What is ideal gas equation?The ideal gas equation is a equation which is applicable in a hypothetical state of an ideal gas.It is a combination of Boyle's law, Charle's law,Avogadro's law and Gay-Lussac's law . It is given as, PV=nRT where R= gas constant whose value is 8.314.The law has several limitations.
Substituting n=1 ,V=6.35×10[tex]^-6[/tex] L,R=8.314,ΔT=1130°C=1403.15 K in the above equation P=1×8.314×1403.15/6.35×10[tex]^-6[/tex] =1.837×10[tex]^-3[/tex] atmospheres.
Thus, the pressure in the bulb when it reaches its operating temperature is 1.837×10[tex]^-3[/tex] atmospheres.
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which mineral participates in all aspects of energy metabolism including glycolysis, beta-oxidation, and the tca cycle?
Every stage of energy metabolism, including glycolysis, beta-oxidation, and the tCA cycle, involve magnesium mineral.
Why is the TCA cycle regarded as an amphibolic pathway?Using ATP, several of the pathway's intermediates are converted to succinyl CoA and succinic acid during the anabolic (energy-consuming) phase of the cycle. Due to the fact that energy is both created and consumed throughout the TCA cycle, it is dubbed an amphibolic cycle.
What two purposes does the TCA cycle serve?The TCA cycle generates NADH and FADH2 by oxidizing acetyl CoA obtained from carbohydrates, fatty acids, amino acids, and ketone bodies. Additionally, the TCA cycle offers the intermediates needed to produce glucose, lipids, and amino acids.
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when the concentrations of both mercury chloride and oxalate ion are 0.30 m, what is the rate of the reaction?
The concentrations of both mercury chloride and oxalate ion are 0.30 m, the rate of the reaction is 7.8 × 10⁻⁴ M/s.
given that :
concentration of mercury chloride = 0.30 M
concentration of oxalate ion = 0.30 M
It can be written as:
2HgCl₂ + C₂O₄²⁻ -----> 2Cl⁻ + Hg₂Cl₂ + 2CO₂
k = 8.7 × 10⁻³ M⁻²/s⁻¹
The rate of the reaction will be shown as :
Rate = k [HgCl₂ ] [ C₂O₄²⁻ ]²
Rate = 8.7 × 10⁻³ (0.30)(0.30)²
Rate = 7.8 × 10⁻⁴ M/s
Thus, rate of the reaction will be :
Rate = 7.8 × 10⁻⁴ M/s
This question is incomplete , the complete question is :
__""when the concentrations of both mercury chloride and oxalate ion are 0.30 m, what is the rate of the reaction? "__
the rate is given as : Rate = k[HgCl₂ ] [ C₂O₄²⁻ ]² value of k = 8.7 × 10⁻³ M⁻²/s⁻¹__"
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because strong attractive forces hold the layers in an ionic crystal in relatively fixed positions, ionic compounds:______.
Answer:
Because strong attractive forces hold the layers in an ionic crystal in relatively fixed positions, ionic compounds are hard, brittle, and not electrical conductors as solids.
Explanation:
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what is single displacement in acid properties.
Single displacement in acid properties is a kind of oxidation-reduction chemical reaction.
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemicals into another chemical. It is also known as a single replacement reaction.
It is a reaction in which one element is substituted with another element. When a replacement reaction occurs, a pure element and an aqueous compound are formed. It is denoted as:
A + BC ⇒ AC + B were, A and B are pure elements.
Acids react with metals to form salt and hydrogen gas. The metals that are more active than acids can undergo a single displacement reaction. Due to this, the acid will be replaced by the metal, but it does not apply to less reactive metals.
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