if 17.4 kg of al2o3(s), 51.4 kg of naoh(l), and 51.4 kg of hf(g) react completely, how many kilograms of cryolite will be produced?

The longest wavelength of light that will break the diiodine bond is 803 nm.

What is bond strength?

In chemistry, the strength with which a chemical bond keeps two atoms together is known as bond strength. This is typically represented in terms of the energy needed in kilocalories per mole to break the bond.

wavelength(λ ) = h c/ E

where h= Plank's constant

           c = velocity of light

           E = Energy ( here it is bond strength)

  Energy required to break one double bond of Iodine (E) =  149× 1000 /(6.02214076 × 10^23) = 2.474 * 10 ^ -19 J

  λ  = (6.62607015 × 10^-34 m2 kg / s × 3 × 10^8 m/s) /  (2.474 * 10 ^ -19 J)

           λ =8.03484658 × 10^ -7

            λ = 803× 10^ -9 m

             λ = 803 nm

Hence, the longest wavelength of light that will break the diiodine bond is 803 nm.

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To learn isotope and atomic number.

What is isotope?

Atoms that contain variable numbers of neutrons but the same number of protons are called isotopes. Despite having almost equal chemical properties, they have different masses, which affects their physical characteristics.

What is atomic number?

The number assigned to a chemical element according to its atomic number in the periodic system, which places the elements in ascending order of the number of protons in their nuclei. As a result, the atomic number is also determined by the number of protons in the neutral atom, which is always equal to the number of electrons.

Since the number of protons in each of these isotopes is the same, potassium-39 has one fewer neutron than potassium-40 and two fewer than potassium-41. In a similar vein, potassium 40 has one fewer neutron than potassium 41.

Therefore,  potassium 40 has one fewer neutron than potassium 41.

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Test Tube 1: DNA from E. coli cells grown in 14N

Test Tube 2: DNA containing one strand of 15N-DNA and one strand of 14N-DNA

Test Tube 3: DNA from E. coli cells grown in 15N

Test Tube 4: A 1:1 mixture of DNA from cells grown in 14N and cells grown in 15N

Test Tube 5: A 1:1 mixture of DNA from cells grown in 14N and 15N, heated (to disrupt hydrogen bonds) and cooled (to allow reannealing)

Meselson and Strahl had used CsCl gradient centrifugation to demonstrate the semi-conservative nature of DNA replication. In a CsCl density gradient centrifugation, from a pool of light heavy and intermediate-size DNA, the heaviest one would go and settle towards the bottom of the test tube.

While the lightest one would be at the top and the intermediate one would find a place in between the heavy and the lighter one. If the DNA is labeled only with 15N then the DNA is heavier in size and the DNA would settle towards the bottom of the tube during density gradient centrifugation.

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In a Lewis structure involving iodine and fluorine, if the central iodine atom has exactly one lone pair, so the five Florine atom must be present

A Lewis structure is a very simplified representation of the valence shell electron in a molecule and it is used to show how the electron are arranged around individual atom in a molecule and electron are shown as dot or for bonding electron as a line between the atom and since there is lone pair of electron on the iodine that means precisely 2 of the 7 valence electron are not shared with a fluorine atom and the remaining 5 are each shared with 1 fluorine atom and so there must be 5 fluorine atom surrounding central iodine atom

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Answer:

. What is the mass of 4.75 mL of aluminum if its density is 2.1 g/mL?

Explanation:

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Taq polymerase can withstand the high temperatures involved in PCR reactions.

A DNA polymerase belongs to a group of enzymes that catalyzing the synthesis of Target dna from nucleoside triphosphates, which are the basic building blocks of DNA. These enzymes, which are necessary for DNA replication, typically function in groups to split a single dna Template duplex into two identical DNA duplexes.

Definition. All living things have DNA polymerase, a particular sort of enzyme. DNA replication and DNA repair and maintenance are its two main goals. The enzyme is essential for passing on genetic information from one generation to the next.

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while carrying out a vacuum filtration with organic materials  these things should be kept in mind always;

1. melting point should be estimated by quick heating.

2. melting should be observed carefully by supplying slow heating.

3. careful measurement should be recorded during filtration.

vacuum filtration is also known as suction filtration used for separating the solid particles from the liquids by applying a driving force that pulls the liquid from the filter and the solid remains outside the filter. examples of vacuum filtration are making tea as we can separate tea leaves from tea by using a strainer in a cup.

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The element is Manganese (Mn).

The transition metal electronic configuration in the +3 oxidation state is [Ar]3d4 The neutral element electronic configuration is [Ar]4s 2 3d 5, Atomic number should be =25.  Therefore the element is Manganese(Mn).

The atomic number is the number of a chemical element in the periodic table. Elements are arranged according to the increasing number of protons in the nucleus. Therefore, the number of protons, which is always equal to the number of electrons in neutral atoms, is also the atomic number. The atomic number is simply the number of protons in an atom. For this reason, it is sometimes called the proton number.

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The products are AgI and NH4ClO4.

Moreover, Iodide of Pb2+, Ag+ and Hg22+ are insoluble. So, AgI is not soluble Ammonium Salts are soluble. So, NH4ClO4 is soluble.

AgClO4(aq) + NH4I(aq) -> AgI(s) + NH4ClO4(aq)

Ag+(aq) + I-(aq) -> AgI(s)

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The following are the combustion and the balance reactions are :

The balanced equation is the one which the number of atoms in the reactants is equal to the same as they present product .

1) C₂H₁₂   +  O₂   ----->   CO₂   +  H₂O

the  number of atoms in reactants is not same as the in product. multiply          

                        reactants   product

C                           2                  1

H                           12                 2

O                           2                   3

to balance the equation multiply the 5 in  O₂  , 2 in  CO₂, 6 in   H₂O.

                    reactants   product

C                           2                  2

H                           12                 12

O                           10                  10

the equation now is balanced.

Thus, The following are the combustion and the balance reactions are :

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The half-life of calcium-48 is 43 years it take a 44 mg sample to decay to a mass of 11 mg 86 years

Half life is the interval of time required for one-half of the atomic nuclei of a radioactive sample to decay

Here given data is

t1/2 = 43 year

N₀ = 44mg

Nt =  11 mg

t = ?

So the formula is

Nt = N₀ (1/2)t/t1/2

11 mg = 44mg(1/2)t/43

11 mg/ 44mg = (1/2)t/43

log (0.25) = t/43 log (1/2)

t = 43 log (0.25)/log 0.5

t = 86 years

86 years will it take a 44 mg sample to decay to a mass of 11 mg

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An atomic orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons as long as they have the same spin. correct option is (A).

Pauli exclusion principle for -      

electrons says that no electrons can have the same values of the four quantum numbers in an atom. Quantum numbers are principle quantum number (denoted $5^{\prime} n^{\prime}$ )

it is also know as energy states. $n=1,2,3,4 \ldots$ (Also known as shell)

ii) Azimuthal quantum number (denoted as ' $l$ ') \\Azimuthal quantum number is decided based on th$m_s=\pm \frac{1}{2}$. The spin of electrons in an orbital will be opposite to each $\theta$ other and values are $+\frac{1}{2},-\frac{1}{2}$So :-\\Energy level, $n > 1$ can hold more than two electrones.

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Answer: 3

Explanation:

The product side is usually the right side, so it's the CO₂ + H₂O. Just count the number of O's:

So, there are 3 oxygens on the product's side of this equation.

If a fluid has an average speed of 0. 5 m/s through a pipe with a cross-sectional area of 2 m², the fluid’s average speed will be 0.25 m/s

Initial average speed of fluid (v₁) = 0.5 m/s

Initial cross-sectional area of pipe (A₁) = 2 m²

Final cross-sectional area of pipe (A₂) = 4 m²

Final average speed of fluid (v₂) = ?

We will find out the final average speed of the fluid (v₂) by using the following equation:

    A₁ v₁ = A₂ v₂

Rearrange the equation for v₂

    v₂ = A₁ v₁ / A₂

Put the values in the above equation

    Final average speed of fluid v₂ = (0.5 m/s × 2 m²) / 4 m²)

    Final average speed of fluid v₂ = 1 m/s / 4

    Final average speed of fluid v₂ = O.25 m/s

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The molar concentration of Cu2 in diluted solution would be 0.25M

What is molar concentration?
Molar concentration, also known as molarity, amount concentration, or substance concentration, is a unit used to describe the amount of a substance in a solution expressed as a percentage of its volume. The number of moles per litre, denoted by the unit symbol mol/L as well as mol/dm3 in SI units, is the most widely used unit for molarity in chemistry. One mol/L of a solution's concentration is referred to as one molar, or 1 M.

How it can be solved ?
Molar concentration is the most effective way of describing a solute concentration in a solution. Molarity is described as the total number of moles of solute dissolved in per liter of solution M = mol/L.

Before dilution

Volume of solution = 15 ml

Cu2+ concentration = 0.45 ml

After dilution

Volume of solution = 26 ml

Cu2+ concentration = M2

M1V1 = M2V2

M2 = M1V1 / V2

M2 = O.45 X 15 / 26

M2 = 0.25 M

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Step 1: Conversion of the alcohol to the tosylate

Reaction of the alcohol via the tosylate occurs in only one inversion and the product stereochemistry has the opposite stereochemistry to that of the starting alcohol compound.

Step 2: Commercial Synthesis of (S)-Ibuprofen

Under certain conditions, reactions are known to have OH as a bad leaving group. p-TosCl is an excellent leaving group and the reaction of alcohols with toluenesulfonate occurs rapidly under these conditions. This gives the desired product with the configuration reversed at the chiral carbon.

Synthesis of (S)-ibuprofen is shown in the attached figure.

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Water is added to an alkene during an acid-catalyzed hydration reaction to create alcohol: A sequential mechanism for the reaction begins with the protonation of the double bond.

Alcohol is produced when alkenes are hydrated with acid in accordance with Markownikoff's rule. Alkenes can also be converted into alcohols by the processes of hydroboration oxidation and oxy-mercuration-de-mercuration.

Water adds to alkenes only in the presence of an acid catalyst, resulting in the production of alcohol. However, there are two significant drawbacks to the acid-catalyzed hydration: Arrangements may change. Regioselectivity is unpredictable.

Hydration is the process of adding water to alkenes on a net basis. The pi bond in the alkene and the OH bond in the water are broken as a result, and a C-H bond and a C-OH bond are formed. Typically, the reaction is exothermic by 10 to 15 kcal/mol1, although the entropy change is between -35 and -40.

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The temperature at which the xenon gas will have a volume of 3.38 litres is calculated to be 257.1 K.

Charles' law, which states that, provided the pressure is constant, the volume occupied by a particular quantity of gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature. According to the law, volume increases with increasing temperature and decreases with decreasing temperature, applies when pressure is constant. The relationship equation for the Charles's law can be written as-

[tex]V_{i}[/tex]/[tex]T_{i}[/tex]= [tex]V_{f}[/tex]/[tex]T_{f}[/tex]

where,

[tex]V_{i}[/tex] = initial volume

[tex]T_{i}[/tex] = initial absolute temperature

[tex]V_{f}[/tex] = final volume

[tex]T_{f}[/tex] = final absolute temperature

According to the given question,

[tex]V_{i}[/tex] = 6.56 litres, [tex]T_{i}[/tex] = 499 Kelvin, [tex]V_{f}[/tex] = 3.38 litres, [tex]T_{f}[/tex] = ?

The temperature is given in Kelvin so we can put it as it is. So, on applying the given values in the formula:

6.56 / 499 = 3.38 / [tex]T_{f}[/tex]

Now, for final temperature we can rearrange the equation to get-

[tex]T_{f}[/tex] = (3.38 × 499) / 6.56

[tex]T_{f}[/tex] = 257.1 K

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Answer:

When the silver-colored penny is heated, the outside zinc atoms and inside copper atoms move around because of the heat excitement. This makes the outer layer of zinc mix with the copper below, which becomes an alloy called yellow brass

Explanation:

The dissociation reaction of sodium acetate in water is:

CH3COONa + H2O ⇒ CH3COOH + NaOH

A dissociation reaction can be defined as a chemical reaction in which a compound breaks down into two or more compounds. This reaction occurs reversibly when molecules differentiate or decompose into smaller particles such as atoms, ions and radicals. A dissociation reaction can be recognized when there is only one reactant and multiple products.

The general formula of dissociation reaction is:

AB→A+B

When dissociation reactions occur in water, the polarity of water dissolves ionic compounds in the water. The cations of compounds are attracted to the negative poles of water molecules, and the negative ions of compounds are attracted to the positive poles of water molecules.

Question mentions sodium acetate as a compound that reacts with water molecules in a dissociative reaction. When sodium acetate (or ) dissolves in water, it decomposes to form two different types of ions - CH3COO- and Na+ and ; On the other hand, water molecules dissociate into ions. It then reacts with a weak acid, acetic acid ( CH3COOH), which in turn reacts to form a strong base, sodium hydroxide ( NaOH), making the solution alkaline.

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The number of protons in the nucleus that determines the chemical properties of an atom.

What is proton ?

A proton is a stable subatomic particle with the symbol p, H+ or 1H+ and a positive charge of +1 e elementary charge. Its mass is slightly less than that of a neutron, 1836 times that of an electron (proton-to-electron mass ratio). Protons and neutrons, each with about one atomic mass unit, are collectively called "nucleons" (particles present in the nucleus).

All atoms have one or more protons in their nucleus. They ensure an electrostatic central force of attraction that binds atomic electrons together. The number of protons in the nucleus is the defining property of an element and is called the atomic number (denoted by the symbol Z). Since each element has a unique number of protons, each element has a unique atomic number, which determines the number of atomic electrons and, consequently, the chemical properties of the element.

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The element Mendelevium has 157 neutrons in its nucleus and is named after Dmitri Mendeleev who made the first periodic table.

Mendelevium can be described as a synthetic element with the chemical symbol Md and atomic number 101. It is placed as a metallic radioactive transuranium element in the actinide series.  This element is the first element by an atomic number that currently cannot be generated in macroscopic amounts by neutron bombardment of lighter elements.

The atomic mass of this element is 258 so it has 157 neutrons in its nucleus. The most stable is Md -258 with a half-life of 51 days, however, the shorter-lived Md-256 (half-life of 1.17 hours).

Mendelevium was discovered by bombarding alpha particles in 1955 and was named after Dmitri Mendeleev, father of the periodic table of chemical elements.

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The product formed will be ethanol (ethyl alcohol) when water is reacted with ethene in the presence of a catalytic amount of concentrated sulfuric acid

A catalyst is a substance that, without being consumed by the reaction, speeds up a chemical reaction or reduces the temperature or pressure required to initiate one.

Ethyl alcohol is produced when ethene gas reacts with water through hydration. This ethyl alcohol undergoes dehydration to generate ethene once more when it interacts with sulfuric acid.

The reaction will be as follows:

CH_{2} = CH_{2} (l) + H_{2} O (l) → CH_{3} CH_{2} OH (aq)

CH_{3} CH_{2} OH → CH_{2} = CH_{2} + H_{2} O

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The IUPAC name of the polyfunctional compound OH 6 -ethyl-5-methyl-7-octen-4-ol is 5-ethyl-6-methyloct-7-en-4-ol.

The given compound is OH 6-ethyl-5-methyl-7-octen-4-ol

 According to the IUPAC rule,

In the given molecule, OH-group is the highest priority group and therefore, numbering starts from the C-atom where OH-attached to the least C-atom number.

The given compound contains 8 C-atom in the longest C-chain in which the hydroxyl group (OH) is attached to the 4th C-atom and alkene functional group is attached to 8th position of the parent chain. The ethyl substituent is attached to the 5th C-atom while methyl substituent is attached to the 6th C-atom of the parent chain.

Therefore, the IUPAC name of the given compound is 5-ethyl-6-methyloct-7-en-4-ol.

What does IUPAC mean?

IUPAC is an abbreviation for Global Association of Unadulterated and Applied Science. The IUPAC is the perceived expert for synthetic guidelines of terminology, estimations, and nuclear mass qualities, setting the norms of nuclear loads that show up on the periodic table.

Also Known As: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.

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According to Orwell president Truman says that the bomb is incredibly expensive, and only three or four countries in the world are able to produce it due to the massive industrial effort required.

Truman said that the only factor in his decision to drop the bomb was the military. It is believed that a Normandy-style amphibious landing would have resulted in one million fatalities. Truman thought the bombs also helped save Japanese lives. The President had no intention of extending the conflict. American lives had already been lost as a result of more than 3,500 Japanese kamikaze raids. But he didn't anticipated the effect of bomb on human's.

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Answer:

Having difficulties !!! screen shotted it :)

16. H20 - Covalent

17. Mn(NO2)2 - Ionic and called Manganese(II) nitrate

18. HgO - Ionic

19. Li3N - Covalent

The mole percent of Ne in the mixture is 64.8%.

The mass of glass vessel with stopcock is 337.425 g.

The mass of glass vessel with stopcock and Ar is 339.856 g.

The mass of Ar is 339.856 g-337.425 g=2.431 g

The atomic eight of Ar is 39.948 g/mol

What will the number of moles of Ar be?

{2.431 g}{39.948 g/mol}=0.06085mol

The mass of glass vessel with stopcock is 337.425 g.

The mass of glass vessel with stopcock and mixture of Ne and Ar is  339.077 g.

The mass of mixture of Ne and Ar is 339.077g-337.425g=1.652 \ g

Since the conditions of temperature and pressure are same, and the volume is also same (same glass vessel is used), the number of moles of only Ar and mixture Ar+Ne will also be same

The number of moles of mixture of Ne and Ar = 0.06085.

Let x moles of Ne are present. 0.06085-x moles of Ar will be present

The atomic weight of Ne is 20.18 g/mol

Mass of Ne is 20.18x g. The mass of Ar is

39.948 (0.06085-x) g =(2.431-39.948x) g

Total mass of the mixture is 20.18x \ g+(2.431-39.948x) g =( 2.431-19.768x) g

But total mass of mixture is 1.652 g

1.652g =( 2.431-19.768 x)g

19.768x = 2.431-1.652

19.768x =0.779

x =0.0394

Hence, the mole percent of Ne in the mixture is 100 x=64.8\%.

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The following ether that cannot be prepared by a Williamson ether synthesis is Tert-butyl phenyl ether. Option D.

In Williamson ether synthesis alkoxides react with primary alkyl halides or sulfonate esters. Alkoxides are made from the conjugate bases of alcohols and consist of an R group attached to an oxygen atom. They are often written RO-, where R is an organic substituent.

Williamson synthesis always uses primary alkyl halides. Williamson's synthesis requires tert-butyl bromide and sodium tert-butoxide to produce di-tert-butyl ether. The product obtained is isobutylene and not di-tert-butyl ether. It is used in the production of both simple and mixed ethers. Alkyl halides are heated with alcoholic sodium or potassium alkoxides to form the corresponding ethers.

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At the part of the day would there be the highest concentration of 4-c acids in cam plants is in the morning.

The CAM plants are the plants which can fix the carbon dioxide by the cam pathways. succulents plant are the cam plants.  which are able to survive in a dry condition and at high temperatures.  in these type of the the stomata open in the night and closes at the day time. at night cam plant fixes the carbon dioxide  and uses it in the day time.

Thus, At the part of the day would there be the highest concentration of 4-c acids in cam plants is in the morning.

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Mse 2001 which of these monomers could be used for a free radical, chain growth polymerization have reactive carbon carbon double bond

The monomers like alkenes or dienes undergo polymerization in the presence of free radicles and benzoyl peroxide form a free radicle and thereby it act as initiator for free radicle chain growth polymerization and it used one of the pi bond electron to form a stable bond with another carbon atom and other electron return to the second carbon atom and turning the whole molecule into radicle and after initiation the chain propagates until no monomer is left or termination start

Only monomers having anion stabilizing substituent such as phenyl cyano or carbonyl are good substrate for this polymerization technique

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