Simply said, open and closed are infinite or finite. Its critical density is a factor for the geometry. The cosmos is closed (limited) and positively curved like the surface of a ball if the density parameter is larger than 1.
This expansion is supposed to occur at a constant rate in flat geometry. Acceleration is caused by dark energy.According to general relativity, the geometry of space, or its flatness, is directly related to the mass density, hence as space expands, the geometry becomes flatter. Think of space as a balloon's surface. The balloon's surface becomes increasingly flatter as you blow it up. This occurs in three dimensions in space.When we return to our geometry and mass density relationship as space flattens, we discover that the density is pushed toward critical density.Since space expands exponentially during inflation, it is really pushed extremely swiftly toward critical density, which explains why we are so close to the critical mass density.
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For a closed universe, the angular diameter distance is not monotonic. This is because in a closed universe, the expansion rate is decelerating due to the gravitational pull of matter, causing light to bend and curve as it travels through the universe.
This curvature effect can cause the apparent size of objects to vary as a function of their distance, leading to a non-monotonic angular diameter distance.
On the other hand, for an open universe, the angular diameter distance is monotonic. This is because in an open universe, the expansion rate is accelerating due to dark energy, causing light to travel in straight lines and maintaining a constant relationship between the physical size of an object and its angular size as it moves further away. Therefore, the angular diameter distance increases monotonically with distance in an open universe.
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a dog walks 0.64 km due north. he then runs due west to an ice cream stand. if the magnitude of the dog's total displacement vector is 0.91 km, what is the magnitude of the dog's displacement vector in the due west direction?
The magnitude of dog's displacement vector in the due west direction is 0.65 km.
It is given that, a dog walks 0.64km due north.
It is also given that the magnitude of dog's total displacement is 0.91 km.
The magnitude of dog's displacement vector in the due west direction can be found by using Pythagoras theorem.
It is mathematically represented as, c² = a² + b²
Given, c = 0.91 km
a = 0.64 km
b =?
Making b as subject, we have,
b² = c² - a²
b = √(c² - a²) = √(0.91² - 0.64²) = 0.65 km
Thus, the magnitude of dog's displacement vector in the due west direction is 0.65 km.
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a 1,698 lb car is traveling at 77 ft/sec (the weight given includes the body and 4 wheels). each of its four 39 lb wheels have a radius of gyration of 9.6 in. the distance from the wheel's center of rotation to the road is 11.5 in. determine what percentage
Percentage of the vehicle's kinetic energy is stored in the wheels is 9.64%
Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by the object due to its motion. [ It is defined as the work required to accelerate a body of specified mass from rest to a specified velocity. After the body acquires this energy during acceleration, it retains this kinetic energy as long as the velocity does not change. The same work is done when the body slows down from its current speed to rest. Formally, kinetic energy is any term in the Lagrange of a system that includes the time derivative.
In relativistic mechanics, this is a good approximation only if v is much smaller than the speed of light. The standard unit for kinetic energy is the joule, while the British unit for kinetic energy is the foot-pound.
I = rg2*m
rotational KE of wheels = 0.5Iω2= 0.5(rg2*m)*(v/r)2
4KE = 2(rg2*m)*(v/r)2 = 2(9.92*34)(792/11.12) = 337588.41
total kinetic of wheel = 4(0.5mv2) + Rotational KE = 761976.41
KE of car = 0.5mv^2 + Rotational KE wheel = 7904800.91
% =(Total KE of wheel / Total KE of car)*100 = 9.64%
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how does the habitable zone around a star of spectral type g compare to that around a star of spectral type m ?
The Answer is "It is Larger". This is how the habitable zone around a star of spectral type G compare to that around a star of spectral type M is.
What is an M spectral star?
An M-type star is within the M-class, a spectral class indicating stars with very weak hydrogen absorption lines and with molecular lines, a surface temperature in the 2400-3700 K range and a red color. M spectral stars are coolest and most common stars in the Universe. The spectral energy distribution peaks in the near infrared.
I suppose the question is :
How does the habitable zone around a star of spectral type G compare to that around a star of spectral type M?
1. It is larger.
2. It is hotter.
3. It is closer to its star.
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suppose that you are holding a pencil balanced on its point. if you release the pencil and it begins to fall, what will be the angular acceleration when it has an angle of 10.0 degrees from the vertical? a typical pencil has an average length of 15.0 cm and an average mass of 10.0 g . assume the tip of the pencil does not slip as it falls.
If a pencil goes from such a perfectly vertical position while maintaining its angular acceleration, the time it takes for it to hit the ground is 0.4299s.
What does the term "angular acceleration" mean?Angular acceleration is the term used to describe the temporal pace at which angular momentum varies. The formulae per cent per seconds measure unit is the norm. Therefore, = d d t. Angular velocity is also known as rotating acceleration.
What is the angular acceleration measurement unit?Angular acceleration is measured in rad/s/s, or rad/s2. If grows, then the result is good. If falls, then falls is negative.
Briefing:angular acceleration, τ = I α
Wr = I α
sin 10 = r / (L/2)
r = L/2 sin 10
A inertia moment will then occur:
I = 1/3 M L²
αf = 3/2 g / L sin 10
α = [3/2 × 9.8] / [0.150 sin10]
α = 17 rad/s²
θ = π / 2
t = √(π / α )
t = √(π / 17)
t = √3.142 / 17
t = 0.4299s
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Explain why the car reaches a top speed even though the thrust force remains constant
at 3500 N.
Since, the velocity not only depends on the force but also on the amount of time that has passed since the motion started, therefore, the car reaches a top speed even though the thrust force remains constant.
What is force?
In order to move a body of mass [m] with an acceleration of [a] m/s², a force of magnitude equal to the product of body's mass and the required acceleration is needed. Mathematically -
F = ma
F = m {a[x] + a[y] + a[z]}
F = ma[x] + ma[y] + ma[z] {Vector form}
We have a car reaches a top speed even though the thrust force remains constant at 3500 N.
We know the formula for force as -
F = ma
F = m(dv/dt)
dv/dt = F/m
dv = (F/m)dt
∫dv = ∫(F/m)dt
v = (F/m)t
v = kt
v [tex]\alpha[/tex] t
It can be seen that the velocity not only depends on the force but also on the amount of time that has passed since the motion started.
Therefore, since, the velocity not only depends on the force but also on the amount of time that has passed since the motion started, therefore, the car reaches a top speed even though the thrust force remains constant.
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A golfer is enjoying a day out on the links.
What maximum height will a 329.7 m drive
reach if it is launched at an angle of 22.0
to the ground? The acceleration due to gravity
is 9.81 m/s^2.
Answer in units of m.
The maximum height of the drive be 33.30 m.
What is projectile potion?When a particle is hurled obliquely near the surface of the earth, it travels along a curved path while accelerating continuously in the direction of the planet's center (we assume the particle stays close to the surface of the globe). Such a particle's motion is known as projectile motion, and its route is referred to as a projectile.
Given that:
Range: R = 329.7 m
Angle of projection = 22.0°
Acceleration due to gravity; g= 9.81 m/s^2.
So, maximum height: H = 1/4 R tan22.0° m
= 1/4 × 329.7 × tan 22.0°
= 33.30 m.
Hence, maximum height of the drive be 33.30 m.
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A large, moving truck crashes into a small parked car. How do the magnitudes of the impulses and the forces on each vehicle compare during the collision?
A. The truck experiences less force and less impulse.
B. The truck experiences equal force and equal impulse.
C. The truck experiences less force but more impulse.
D. The truck experiences more force but less impulse.
The magnitudes of the impulses and the forces on each vehicle are the truck experiences equal force and equal impulse.
Newton's third law dictates that the forces on the car and the truck are equal but opposite in direction.
So, the force on the truck is equal to the force on the car.
Ft = Fc
where, Fc is the force on the car
Ft is the force on the truck
Impulse is nothing but force multiplied by time and the time of contact is same for both the vehicles. So, the impulse is same in magnitude for the two vehicles.
Impulse can also be written as change in momentum. So, the change in momentum is also equal for both the vehicles.
Thus, force on the truck is equal to the force on the car. And the impulse on the truck is equal to the impulse on the car.
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A box of mass 50kg is pulled up from the hold of a ship with an acceleration of 1 meter per second square by a vertical rope attached to it. Find the tension in the rope.
A block is pushed across a 10 m rough surface quickly by a boy. Which of the following would not increase the power needed by the boy to move the block?
Question 5 options:
A .Increase the mass of the block
B. Decrease the time of the block slid
C. Increase the roughness of the surface
D. Increase the time of the block was slid
The option that would not increase the power needed by the boy to move the block is "Increase the time of the block was slid".
Option D is the correct answer.
What is the power applied by the boy?The power applied by the boy to push the block across the 10 m rough surface is the measure of the energy expended over a given time interval.
Mathematically, the power applied by the boy is given as;
P = E/t
where;
E is the energy expended by the boyt is the time over which the boy applies the forceP = (F x d)/t
where;
F is the applied forced is the displacement of the blockAccording to Newton's second law of motion, the applied force is given as;
F = ma
P = (ma x d) / t
where;
m is the mass of the blocka is the acceleration of the blockd is the displacement of the blockt is time of motionFrom the formula above, the following will increase the power needed by the boy to move the block.
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remnants of volcanic activity on the asteroid vesta indicate that members of the asteroid belt
Remnants indicate that members of the asteroid belt occasionally grow large enough to become differentiated and geologically active.
The members of the asteroid belt were never part of one larger body. Instead, they formed by the same process of accretion that formed the rest of the planets.
Several of these asteroids accreted enough mass to cause internal heat, thus differentiating the body and allowing some volcanically altered rock to accumulate on their surfaces.
When asteroid leaves the asteroid belts, these asteroids may crash into a planet or moon or fling out of the solar system. Some of these asteroids have unusual orbits. This is because of Jupiter's gravity.
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Water molecules are positive on one end, negative on the other. Predict what a negatively charged balloon will do when placed close to a stream of water.
The positive charged particles in the water will move the water towards the negatively charged balloon which is prediction which will happen when they are placed close to each other.
What is Attraction?This is referred top as a type of force that pulls the body near it and we should also note that like poles repel while unlike poles attract.
Since positive and negative charges are attracted to each other, then the positive charged particles in the water will move the water towards the negatively charged balloon which is therefore the reason why it was chosen as the correct choice.
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ppA hollow plastic ball is projected into the air.
There is significant air resistance opposing the
ball's motion, so the magnitude of the ball's
acceleration is not equal to g. At time t, the ball is
moving up and to the right at an angle of 45° to
the horizontal, as shown above. Which of the
following best shows the magnitude a and the
direction of the ball's acceleration at time/?
a > g , is the best shows the magnitude a and the direction of the ball's acceleration at time.
What is acceleration?Acceleration is the rate at which the speed and direction of a moving object change over time. A point or object travelling in a straight path is accelerated if it accelerates or decelerates. Even if the speed is constant, motion on a circle is accelerated because the direction is always changing.
Given data
The velocity of the ball is: V
The angle of velocity with the horizontal is (θ) = 45
The acceleration of the ball is: a
The acceleration due to gravity is: g
When the hollow ball is projected into the air, air resistance will act on the ball that will slow down the ball's motion. Therefore the velocity direction is opposite to the reducing force. The reducing force relates to the opposite to the acceleration of the hollow ball.
F(delaying) ∝ -VF(delaying) ∝ m×a(r)×F(delaying) ∝ a(r)
Here m is the mass of the hollow ball.
The force of gravity on the ball which is acting downward given as:
F(gravity) ∝ g
So, a > g
Correct option: (B)
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Adding a pet warming pad to the floors so cats can lay on it a
answers:
radiation
convection
conduction
Answer:
i think it would be radiation since its warming up
hope this helps
please desperate need brainliest
Explanation:
a 2.50-m segment of wire supplying current to the motor of a submerged submarine carries 1000 a and feels a 4.00-n repulsive force from a parallel wire 5.00 cm away. what is the direction of the current in the other wire?
The 400 A current flowing through the wire will be going the other way from the other wire.
What sort of force is repulsive?An electroscope is a straightforward instrument that consists of a metal piece protruding from a glass jar with thin metal leaves suspended inside. This design demonstrates the electrostatic repulsive force. The leaves spread apart by the Coulomb force when a charged body touches the external metal piece.
We will apply the equation to determine the current in the other wire
F/l = µ₀I₁I₂/2πr and solve it for I₂.
The other wire's current will flow in the opposite direction to the first one because the force is repulsive.
I₂ = F.2πr/µ₀I₁l
I₂ = 4×2π×0.05m/4π×10⁻⁷T.m/A×1000A×2.50m
I₂ = 400 A.
The 400 A current flowing through the wire will be going the other way from the other wire.
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When pulled, stretchy objects such as rubber bands exert elastic force. Gently hold one end of the rubber band and pull on the other end. You will feel the rubber band pulling back. How does the force exerted by the rubber band change as you increase its length? What do you observe?
Answer:
The force exerted by the rubber band will increase. This is because the restoring force (force which acts to bring a body back to its equilibrium state) always acts in opposite direction to the force which acts to pull the body from its equilibrium position. And as the distance increases the force increases as well.
Explanation:
A car drives 2 blocks north, then 3 blocks east, and finally 2 blocks south. What is the
displacement of the car?
A) 15 km
B) 3 km west
C) 3 km east
D) 7 km north
how wide must a narrow slit be if the first diffraction minimum occurs at ±12° with laser light of 633 nm?
The width of narrow slit will be 3 μm if the diffraction minima occurs with 633 nm wavelength.
The angular width of the central maximum is the angle between the two first order minima (on either side of the center).The diffraction formula's central maximum width is inversely related to the slit width. The central maximum widens as the slit width gets smaller, and gets narrower as it gets larger. From this behavior, it can be concluded that light bends more as the aperture's size decreases.Monochromatic light is passed through a single slit with a finite width in a single-slit experiment, and a similar pattern is seen on the screen. As we move farther from the central maximum in the single-slit diffraction pattern, compared to the double-slit diffraction pattern, the width and intensity decrease.Δ=2L/α
Δ=3 x 10⁻⁶m
=3micro meter.
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A 5.0 kg ball is launched with a speed of 2.0 m/s. Find momentum of the ball
Answer:
10 kgm/s
Explanation:
p = m*v (momentum = mass * velocity)
p = 5 kg * 2 m/s
p = 10 kgm/s
Answer:
10 kg. m/s
Explanation:
[tex]p = m \times v[/tex]
p = 5 * 2
= 10 kg.m/s
two forces act on an 8 kg object; 43 n to the right and 54 n to the left. find the acceleration of the object.
The acceleration of the object is 1.375 m/s².
Given that, mass of the object = 8kg
Fa = 43 N acts towards right
Fb = 54 N acts towards left
Let us consider left as the positive sign convention.
Fb - Fa = 54 - 43 = 11 N
From, Newton's second law of motion, we know, F = m * a
where, F is the force
m is mass
a is acceleration
Substituting the values in the above equation, we have,
11 = 8* a
Acceleration a = 11 / 8 = 1.375 m/s²
Thus, the acceleration of the object is 1.375 m/s².
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With rivers and streams, the movement of rock material from one place to another is called
Answer:
Erosion is the removal and transportation of rock or soil. Erosion can move sediment through water, ice, or wind. Water can wash sediment, such as gravel or pebbles, down from a creek, into a river, and eventually to that river's delta. Hope this helps.
determine the rms current, the average power dissipated by the resistor, and the maximu voltage of the capacitor
The RMS current , Power and Maximum voltage have values 0 to 1 , V1/2 to 0 and infinity to zero.
The triangle's vertical side will be significantly longer than its horizontal side if reactance dominates a circuit, and will be close to 90° as a result. This is in line with what is understood about purely reactive circuits, which produce a 90° phase difference between voltage and current.The horizontal side will be much longer than the vertical side if resistance dominates the circuit. In light of this, the value of will be very small, just as there is very little phase shift between voltage and current in a nearly entirely resistive circuit.As cosx varies from 1 to zero (corresponding to that varies from 0° to 90° or -90°), average power varies from (VI)/2 to zero.Therefore, it should come as no surprise that the cosine of —whether you choose to refer to as the impedance angle, the angle between active power and complex power, or the phase difference between voltage and current—is referred to as the power factor. To calculate the average power lost by a circuit, multiply the power factor by (VI)/2. A power factor that is closer to zero indicates that reactive power makes up a larger portion of the circuit's total power.To know more about power -
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if the magnetic field is directed toward the north and a positively charged particle is moving toward the east, what is the direction of the magnetic force on the particle?
In a magnetic field, a positively charged particle is traveling northward. The particle's magnetic field is oriented northeastward.
What direction is the force pulling on a positively charged particle traveling west to east in a downwardly-directed magnetic field?The motion of the -particle is parallel to the direction of the stream (east to west). The magnetic field is pointing into the paper. Fleming's left-hand rule is used to direct the force into the page south as a result. Consequently, the particle will be diverted southward.
Magnetic north is it positive or negative?Positive and negative poles are present and are found at the ends of the magnet. In contrast to electric charges, the poles can be separated since the north pole has a positive charge and the south pole a negative charge.
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a osund source emits sound of frequency 180 hx that travel thorugh still air what is the wavelenfth
The sound source emits a sound of frequency of 180 Hz, its wavelength is 1.91 m.
The relation between wavelength and frequency of sound is given as
v = f * λ
where, v is the velocity of sound in air
f is the frequency of sound
λ is the wavelength
Given that, frequency of sound is 180 Hz
We know that, speed of sound in air is 343 m/s
Now, let us find out the wavelength of sound in air.
v = f * λ
343 = 180 * λ
λ = 343 / 180 = 1.91 m
Thus, wavelength the of sound in air is found to be 1.91 m.
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5 Forces of 25 N and 40 N act on an object in the directions shown
25N
40N
Which arrow shows the direction of the resultant force on the object?
K
B
Answer:
B
Explanation:
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if 100 photons of light hit an object, and 90 of them are absorbed, but zero are transmitted, zero are scattered and zero are refracted: what is the albedo of the object, and what is most likely to be its color?
The albedo of the object is 90% and the color which is most likely to be its is black.So,correct option is c.
A photon reflected from a white wall can unquestionably be reflected from another white wall. In any case, the reflection can't happen always, on the grounds that no genuine wall can mirror 100 percent of the light radiated on it.
On the off chance that a wall is blue, that implies that it reflects blue photons well, and doesn't reflect as numerous photons of varieties that aren't blue.
Since,it is given that 90 of photons are absorbed,it means 90% photons are not able to eject out the electrons from the metal.Therefore,albedo of the object will be 90%.
We know very well that for black color number of photons are absorbed highest.Since 90% of photons are absorbed therefore,the best choice of color is black.
Hence,option c is correct.
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(Complete question) is:
if 100 photons of light hit an object, and 90 of them are absorbed, but zero are transmitted, zero are scattered and zero are refracted: what is the albedo of the object, and what is most likely to be its color?
a)10%; black
b)0%; black
c)90%; black
d)90%; white
e)10%; white
1. Indicate the charge carried by the following atomic particles:
a. Proton: _?_
b. Neutron: _?_
c. Electron: _?_
a. Proton carries positive electrical charge.
b. Neutron are neutral with no electrical charge
c. Electron carries negative electrical charge.
According to Rutherford's atomic model the electrons are negatively charged which revolves around the nucleus of the atom, in circular paths named as orbits.
Proton, the positive charge is concentrated in the center known as nucleus.
Later, scientists discover that in the nucleus of atom there is one neutral particle called neutron. Protons and Neutrons together are called nucleons.
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If the sum of the external forces on an object is zero, then the sum of the external torques on it must also be zero.
The sum of the external forces and torques acting on an object must be zero if the object is at rest.
When the sum of the external forces and the sum of the external torques?We can infer from answer options that the body may have constant linear or constant rotational velocity, or both simultaneously, if the total of the external forces and total of the external torques acting on it are both zero.
If the thing has zero net force and zero net torque, the object is in equilibrium.
The total force acting on an object is summed up into a vector as the net force. When anything is in equilibrium, whether it's at rest or moving at a constant speed, there is no net force acting on it. Only a vector with zero components can have zero magnitude.
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when you write a sentence in your notebook with your pencil. Is it a reflex action?
Answer:
No
Explanation:
Writing a sentence in your notebook with your pencil is not a reflex action because that is not a inborn talent you have to practice so that you can write.
For example moving your hand away when you touch a hot water is a reflex action and you don't have to train yourself to move your hand... in simple its natural
When will you attract the sun more,
today at noon or tonight at midnight
Problem 4: A uniform flat disk of radius R and mass 2M is pivoted at point P A point mass of 1/2 M is attached to the edge of the disk 2M 2 M Part (a) Calculate the moment of inertia ICM of the disk (without the point mass) with respect t0 the central axis of the disk in terms of M and R. Expression IcM Select from the variables below t0 write your expression. Note that all variables may not be required. 4,0, 0,4,d,gh,ijk M,P,R,$, Part (b) Calculate the moment of inertia [p of the disk (without the point mass) with respect to point P in terms of M and R. Expression Select from the variables below to write your expression_ Note that all variables may not be required: a,B,0,a,d,gh,ij,k M,PRS Part (c) Calculate the total moment of inertia [rof the disk with the point mass with respect to point P in terms of M and R Expression It Select from the variables below t0 write your expression Note that all variables may not be required: 4,0, 0,#,d,gh,ij,k M,P,R,$,'
From the case we know that:
The moment of inertia Icm of the uniform flat disk witout the point mass is Icm = MR². The moment of inerta with respect to point P on the disk without the point mass is Ip = 3MR². The total moment of inertia (of the disk with the point mass with respect to point P) is I total = 5MR².Please refer to the image below.
We know from the case, that:
m = 2M
r = R
m2 = 1/2M
distance between the center of mass to point P = p = R
Distance of the point mass to point P = d = 2R
We know that the moment of inertia for an uniform flat disk is 1/2mr². Then the moment of inertia for the uniform flat disk is:
Icm = 1/2mr²
Icm = 1/2(2M)(R²)
Icm = MR² ... (i)
Next, we will find the moment of inertia of the disk with respect to point P. We know that point P is positioned at the arc of the disk. Hence:
Ip = Icm + mp²
Ip = MR² + (2M)R²
Ip = 3MR² ... (ii)
Then, the total moment of inertia of the disk with the point mass is:
I total = Ip + I mass
I total = 3MR² + (1/2M)(2R)²
I total = 3MR² + 2MR²
I total = 5MR² ... (iii)
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