Explain the significance of capital structure.

Answers

Answer 1
Capital structure increases the ability of the company to find new wealth- creating investment opportunities.
Answer 2
Capital structure maximizes the company's market price of share by increasing earnings per share of the ordinary shareholders. It also increases dividend receipt of the shareholders. Investment Opportunity: Capital structure increases the ability of the company to find new wealth- creating investment opportunities.

Related Questions

Workers in Transportation and Logistics careers who believe in the benefits of a union are most likely to work for
local, state, or federal governments.
nonprofit organizations that use unions.
companies that use self-employed contractors.
private companies and businesses.
HELP PLEASE

Answers

Answer:

A.) local, state, or federal governments.

Explanation:

Workers in Transportation and Logistics careers who believe in the benefits of a union are most likely to work for local, state, or federal governments. Thus, option A is correct.

What is Transportation?

Transportation, the development of merchandise and people from one spot to another, and the different means by which such development is achieved.

Laborers in Transportation and Logistics vocations who have confidence in the advantages of an association are probably going to work for it. not-for-profit associations that utilize associations.

Laborers in operations vocations who put stock in the advantages of an association are probably going to work for neighborhood, state, or central legislatures.

Union have better work well-being securities and preferred paid leave over non-association laborers, and are safer practicing their freedoms in the workplace.

Therefore, option A is correct.

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10. Identical wages
Which of the following is required for all workers to earn identical wages in the long run? Check all that apply.

All workers are protected by a union.
Workers can move from one labor market to another at zero cost.
All workers have equal ability and can be trained to do different types of employment at minimum cost.
All workers must have a bachelor's degree.

Answers

Answer:

hi how are you

Explanation:

Labor unions are organizations of employees formed to protect and advance their members' interests by bargaining with management over job-related issues.

a. True
b. False

Answers

Answer:

I think that the correct answer is True

Carlos transfers property with a tax basis of $750 and a fair market value of $1,200 to a corporation in exchange for stock with a fair market value of $975 and $75 cash in a transaction that qualifies for deferral under section 351. The corporation assumed a liability of $150 on the property transferred. What is the corporation's tax basis in the property received in the exchange

Answers

Answer:

$975

Explanation:

Use the following formula to calculate the Corporation's Tax basis in the property received in exchange

Corporation's Tax basis = Tax basis of Property transferred + Gain recognized

Where

Tax basis of Property transferred = $750

Gain recognized = 975 - $750 = $225

Placing values in the formula

Corporation's Tax basis = $750 + $225

Corporation's Tax basis = $975

Luther Industries has no debt and expects to generate free cash flows of $48 million each year. Luther believes that if it permanently increases its level of debt to $100 million, the risk of financial distress may cause it to lose some customers and receive less favorable terms from its suppliers. As a result, Luther's expected free cash flows with debt will be only $44 million per year. Suppose Luther's tax rate is 40%, the risk-free rate is 6%, the expected return of the market is 14%, and the beta of Luther's free cash flows is 1.25 (with or without leverage). The value of Luther with leverage is closest to:_______.
A) 11.5%.
B) 10.8%.
C) 9.8%.
D) 13.0%.

Answers

Answer: $315 million

Explanation:

First find the cost of capital as a required rate of return using CAPM:

= Risk free rate + Beta * (Market return - Risk free rate)

= 6% + 1.25 *(14% - 6%)

= 16%

Value of Luther with leverage:

= (Cash flows with debt / required return) + (Debt * Tax)

= (44 million / 16%) + (100 million * 40%)

= $315 million

Options do not represent value.

The fractional reserve system of banking started when goldsmiths began: Select one: a. Accepting deposits of gold for safe storage b. Charging people who deposited their gold c. Using deposited gold to produce products for sale to others d. Issuing paper receipts in excess of the amount of gold held

Answers

Answer:

d. Issuing paper receipts in excess of the amount of gold held.

Explanation:

Fractional-reserve banking is practiced by all commercial banks. Such banks involve banks that accept deposits from various customers and make loans to other borrowers while keeping an amount in reserve that is equal to a part of the deposit liabilities of the bank.

The fractional reserve system of banking started when goldsmiths began issuing paper receipts in excess of the amount of gold held.

Option d. is correct.

What is strategic relationship management?
O A. Avoiding conflicts between direct stakeholders and indirect
stakeholders
O B. Building and maintaining ongoing contact between parties that is
beneficial to both
O C. Managing change processes to achieve strategic growth for a
profit-seeking organization
O D. Ending relationships between parties that have conflicting needs
and interests

Answers

Answer:

its B

Explanation:

Windsor, Inc. purchased a delivery truck for $32,000 on January 1, 2022. The truck has an expected salvage value of $4,000, and is expected to be driven 100,000 miles over its estimated useful life of 8 years. Actual miles driven were 16,600 in 2022 and 13,100 in 2023. (a1) Calculate depreciable cost per mile under units-of-activity method. (Round answer to 2 decimal places, e.g. 0.50.) Depreciable cost

Answers

Answer:

Depreciable cost per mile= $0.28

Explanation:

Giving the following information:

Purchase price= $32,000

Salvage value= $4,000

Miles= 100,000

To calculate the depreciable cost per mile under the units-of-activity method, we need to use the following formula:

Depreciable cost per mile= (original cost - salvage value)/useful life of production in miles]

Depreciable cost per mile= (32,000 - 4,000) / 100,000

Depreciable cost per mile= $0.28

What is the amount of interest deduction allowed for the current year, assuming Marge Meyer incurred the following (assume no net investment income):Interest on loan used to purchase land for investment $18,000Interest on loan used to purchase personal residence $6,000Interest on loan used to purchase boat $500Interest on loan to purchase 100 shares of General Auto $3,000

Answers

Answer:

Marge Meyer

The amount of interest which Marge can deduct for the current year is:

= $27,000.

Explanation:

a) According to the IRS, the following categories of interest payments, incurred by Marge Meyer, are tax-deductible:

Interest on loan used to purchase personal residence $6,000  

Interest on loan used to purchase land for investment $18,000

Interest on loan to purchase 100 shares of General Auto $3,000

Total deductible interest expenses = $27,000

b) Note that interests for outstanding student loans are still tax-deductible.  However, interests for personal credit card, auto loan, and other personal consumer finance are not tax-deductible.

There is a justification of management interference in economies . Explain how it can
intervene while narrating the supporter’s view?

Answers

Answer:Governments intervene in markets to address inefficiency. In an optimally efficient market, resources are perfectly allocated to those that need them in the amounts they need. In inefficient markets that is not the case; some may have too much of a resource while others do not have enough. Inefficiency can take many different forms. The government tries to combat these inequities through regulation, taxation, and subsidies. Most governments have any combination of four different objectives when they intervene in the market.

Maximizing Social Welfare

In an unregulated inefficient market, cartels and other types of organizations can wield monopolistic power, raising entry costs and limiting the development of infrastructure. Without regulation, businesses can produce negative externalities without consequence. This all leads to diminished resources, stifled innovation, and minimized trade and its corresponding benefits. Government intervention through regulation can directly address these issues.

Another example of intervention to promote social welfare involves public goods. Certain depletable goods, like public parks, aren’t owned by an individual. This means that no price is assigned to the use of that good and everyone can use it. As a result, it is very easy for these assets to be depleted. Governments intervene to ensure those resources are not depleted.

Macro-Economic Factors

Governments also intervene to minimize the damage caused by naturally occurring economic events. Recessions and inflation are part of the natural business cycle but can have a devastating effect on citizens. In these cases, governments intervene through subsidies and manipulation of the money supply to minimize the harsh impact of economic forces on its constituents.

Socio-Economic Factors

Governments may also intervene in markets to promote general economic fairness. Government often try, through taxation and welfare programs, to reallocate financial resources from the wealthy to those that are most in need. Other examples of market intervention for socio-economic reasons include employment laws to protect certain segments of the population and the regulation of the manufacture of certain products to ensure the health and well-being of consumers.

Explanation:

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Assume you are a hiring manager selecting between two finalist candidates, Candidate A and Candidate B. The successful candidate will earn an annual salary of $250,000. Candidate A will generate $500,000 in revenue with 85% probability and $300,000 in revenue with 15% probability. Candidate B will generate $500,000 in revenue with 50% probability and $250,000 inrevenue with 50% probability.a.What is the expected net revenue of Candidate A

Answers

500,000-200,00= ur mom

Enter the following cash payments transactions in a general journal: Sept. 5 Issued Check No. 318 to Clinton Corp. for merchandise purchased August 28, $6,300, terms 2/10, n/30. Payment is made within the discount period. 12 Issued Check No. 319 to Martin Company for merchandise purchased September 2, $7,500, terms 1/10, n/30. A credit memo had been received on September 8 from Martin Company for merchandise returned, $500. Payment is made within the discount period after deduction for the return dated September 8. 19 Issued Check No. 320 to Expert Systems for merchandise purchased August 20, $3,900, terms n/30. 27 Issued Check No. 321 to Dynamic Data for merchandise purchased September 17, $9,000, terms 2/10, n/30. Payment is made within the discount period g

Answers

Answer:

Cash Payments Transactions

General Journal

Sept. 5: Debit Accounts payable (Clinton Corp.) $6,300

Credit Cash $6,174

Credit Cash Discounts $126

To record the payment, via Check No. 318 for full settlement, including discount.

Sept. 12: Debit Accounts payable (Martin Company) $7,000

Credit Cash $6,930

Credit Cash Discounts $70

To record the payment on account, via Check No. 319, including discount.

Sept. 19: Debit Accounts payable (Expert Systems) $3,900

Credit Cash $3,900

To record payment on account.

Sept. 27 Debit Accounts payable (Dynamic Data) $9,000

Credit Cash $8,820

Credit Cash Discounts $180

To record payment on account, including discount.

Explanation:

a) Data and Analysis:

Sept. 5: Accounts payable (Clinton Corp.) $6,300 Cash $6,174 Cash Discounts $126 Check No. 318

Sept. 12: Accounts payable (Martin Company) $7,000 Cash $6,930 Cash Discounts $70 Check No. 319

Sept. 19: Accounts payable (Expert Systems) $3,900 Cash $3,900

Sept. 27 Accounts payable (Dynamic Data) $9,000 Cash $8,820 Cash Discounts $180

A company has two products: Cakes and Cookies. It uses activity-based costing and has prepared the following analysis showing budgeted costs and activities. Use this information to compute (a) the company's overhead rates for each of the three activities and (b) the amount of overhead allocated to Cakes.

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

The computation is shown below:

a. Overhead rate for each of the three activities is

For activity 1

= $60,000 ÷1500

= $40

For activity 2

= $75,000 ÷ 3,000

= $25

For activity 3

= $90,000 ÷ 1,700

= $53

b. The amount of overhead allocated is

= 40 ×700 + 25 × 1500 + 800 × 53

= $28,000 + $37,500 + $42,400

= $107,900

A company purchased $2,900 of merchandise on July 5 with terms 1/10, n/30. On July 7, it returned $500 worth of merchandise. On July 8, it paid the full amount due. The amount of the cash paid on July 8 equals:

Answers

Answer: $2376

Explanation:

Based on the information given in the question, the amount of the cash paid on July 8 will be calculated as the difference between the net sales and the discount.

Net sales = $2900 - $500 = $2400

Discount = $2400 × 1% = $24

Therefore, The amount of the cash paid on July 8 will be:

= $2400 - $24

= $2376

Big Corporation receives management consulting services from its 95 percent owned subsidiary, Small Inc. For the year 20X8, Small billed Big $140,000. Small's labor cost and other associated costs for the employees providing services to Big totaled $121,000 in 20X8. Big reported $2,567,000 of income from its own separate operations for 20X8, and Small reported net income of $695,000. Based on the preceding information, what amount of income should be assigned to the noncontrolling shareholders in the consolidated income statement for 20X8

Answers

Answer: $34750

Explanation:

The amount of income should be assigned to the noncontrolling shareholders in the consolidated income statement for 20X8 will be:

Net income of Small = $695,000

Bug company's share = 95% × $695000 = $660250

Therefore, non controlling shareholders at 5% will be:

= 5% × Net income of Small

= 5% × $695000

= 0.05 × $695000

= $34750

One of the biggest differences between men and women consumers is that men tend to stay loyal to a store. Women are much more ready to shop around-- perhaps because they demand more from their products than men. Andrea purchased a copy of Fit magazine because it contained an article about selecting the right jogging suit. The enduring belief that it is a person:______.

Answers

Answer:

Since marketing is the process of creating, communicating and delivering products to customers with the aim of satisfying their needs, the purpose of a marketing philosophy is to identify and fulfill those needs, as well as wants and demands.

The economy of the United States can be best described as
a) a mixed economy
b) a command economy
c) a mixed economy, but predominantly command and tradition
d)
a pure free marker

Answers

Answer:

A a mixed economy.

Explanation:

The asnswer is a mixed economy

The answer will be mostly likely a
Hopefully it helps

On July 1, Year 1, Livingston Corporation, a wholesaler of manufacturing equipment, issued $7,200,000 of 8-year, 11% bonds at a market (effective) interest rate of 12%, receiving cash of $6,836,187. Interest on the bonds is payable semiannually on December 31 and June 30. The fiscal year of the company is the calendar year.
Required:
1. Journalize the entry to record the amount of cash proceeds from the issuance of the bonds on July 1, Year 1.
Year 1 July 1 Cash 309.236
Discount on Bonds Payable 3,690,764
Bonds Payable 46,000,000
2. Journalize the entries to record the following:
A. The first semiannual interest payment on December 31, Year 1, and the amortization of the bond discount, using the straight-line method.
B. The interest payment on June 30, Year 2, and the amortization of the bond discount, using the interest method.
3. Determine the total interest expense for Year 1.

Answers

Answer:

Livingston Corporation

1.

Year 1 July 1

Debit Cash $6,836,187

Debit Discount on Bonds Payable $363,813

Credit Bonds Payable $7,200,000

To record bonds proceeds and liability.

2.

A. The first semiannual interest payment on December 31, Year 1, and the amortization of the bond discount, using the straight-line method.

December 31, Year 1:

Debit Interest Expense $418,738

Credit Bond Discounts $22,738

Credit Cash $396,000

To record interest expense for the first six months and the amortization of bond discounts.

B. The interest payment on June 30, Year 2, and the amortization of the bond discount, using the interest method.

December 31, Year 1:

Debit Interest Expense $411,021

Credit Bond Discounts $15,021

Credit Cash $396,000

To record interest expense for the second six months and the amortization of bond discounts.

3. Determine the total interest expense for Year 1.

Total interest expense for Year 1:

                                            Straight-                Effective

                                       Line Method       Interest Method

December 31, Year 1         $418,738                $410,171 ($6,836,187 * 6%)

= Cash payment + Semi-annual

Amortization of bonds discount

=                        ($396,000 + $22,738)    

Explanation:

a) Data and Calculations:

Face value of bonds issued = $7,200,0

Cash received = $6,836,187

Total bonds discount = $363,813 ($7,200,000 - $6,836,187)

Period of bonds = 8 years

Interest rate of bonds = 11%

Effective interest rate = 12%

Semi-annual cash payment = $396,000 ($7,200,000 * 11% * 6/12)

First interest expense on December 31 Year 1 = $410,171 ($6,836,187 * 12% * 6/12)

Amortization of bond discount for the first six months = $14,171 ($410,171 - $396,000)

Bond balance after the first six months = $6,850,358 ($6,836,187 + $14,171)

Second interest expense on June 30, Year 2 = $411,021 ($6,850,358 * 6%)

Amortization of bond discount for the second six months (June 30, Year 2) = $15,021 ($411,021 - $396,000)

Bond balance on June 30, Year 2 = $6,865,379 ($6,850,358 + $15,021)

Straight-line method amortization:

Semi-annual amortization of bond discount = $22,738 ($363,813/16)

Interest expense = $396,000

One of Shanice's team members is not happy with their performance review and refuses to accept the rating she gave. What should Shanice do?

Answers

Shanice should aim to resolve the issue through open communication, active listening, and a willingness to address the team member's concerns.

Listen and understand: Shanice should create an open and safe space for the team member to express their concerns. She should actively listen and seek to understand their perspective. This demonstrates empathy and shows that she values their input.

Provide clarity: Shanice should provide a clear explanation of the performance review process, including the criteria used to evaluate performance and the specific examples that led to the assigned rating. This can help address any misunderstandings or misconceptions.

Address concerns and offer feedback: Shanice should address the team member's specific concerns and provide constructive feedback. She can highlight areas for improvement and offer guidance on how to enhance performance. It's important for Shanice to focus on specific behaviors and outcomes rather than personal attacks or generalizations.

Seek input and involve the team member: Shanice can ask the team member for their suggestions on how to improve their performance or address their concerns. Involving them in the process can foster a sense of ownership and encourage collaboration.

Consider a reevaluation: If Shanice believes there may have been an oversight or if the team member presents compelling evidence, she can consider a reevaluation of the performance review. This may involve gathering additional feedback or revisiting the evaluation criteria.

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H. Tillman performed legal services for J. Laney. Due to a cash shortage, an agreement was reached whereby J. Laney. would pay H. Tillman a legal fee of approximately $12800 by issuing 3100 shares of its common stock (par $1). The stock trades on a daily basis and the market price of the stock on the day the debt was settled is $3.90 per share. Given this information, the journal entry for J. Laney. to record this transaction is:

Answers

Answer:

The journal entry for J. Laney to record this transaction is

Dr legal expenses $12,990

______Cr Common stock $3,100

_______Cr Share premium $8,990

Explanation:

The common stocks are carried at par value of $1. This implies that any price paid in excess of the par value is made provision for in the share premium account.

Again, the common stocks issued are measured at the price required to settle the legal expenses and are paid in excess of par value of $1.

Share premium = ($3.90 - $1) × 3,100

Share premium = $8,990

Brief Exercise 15-02 During January, its first month of operations, Coronado Company accumulates the following manufacturing costs: raw materials $4,400 on account, factory labor $6,200 of which $5,800 relates to factory wages payable and $400 relates to payroll taxes payable, and factory utilities payable $2,100. Prepare separate journal entries for each type of manufacturing cost.

Answers

Answer:

Item 1

Debit : Raw Materials $4,400

Credit : Accounts Payable $4,400

Item 2

Debit : Work in Process : Factory wages ($5,800 + $400)  $6,200

Credit : Wages Payable $6,200

Item 3

Debit : Work In Process : Factory Utilities $2,100

Credit : Utilities Payable $2,100

Explanation:

If there is no immediate payment of cash for the expenses incurred, raise a liability - Accounts Payable otherwise recognize a Cash Outflow.

All manufacturing costs incurred are accounted for in the Work In Process Account.

Journal entries for each type of manufacturing cost have been prepared above.

Preston Corp. is estimating its WACC. Its target capital structure is 20 percent debt, 20 percent preferred stock, and 60 percent common equity. Its bonds have a 12 percent coupon, paid semiannually, a current maturity of 20 years, and sells for $1,100. The firm could sell, at par, $100 preferred stock which pays a 6.07 percent annual dividend, but flotation costs of 5 percent would be incurred. Preston's beta is 1.2, the risk-free rate is 3 percent, and the market risk premium is 5 percent. The firm's marginal tax rate is 40 percent. What is Preston's WACC

Answers

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On the first day of its fiscal year, Chin Company issued $10,000,000 of five-year, 7% bonds to finance its operations of producing and selling home improvement products. Interest is payable semiannually. The bonds were issued at a market (effective) interest rate of 8%, resulting in Chin Company receiving cash of $9,594,415.
a. Journalize the entries to record the following:
1. Issuance of the bonds.
2. First semiannual interest payment. The bond discount amortization is combined with the semiannual interest payment. (Round your answer to the nearest dollar.)
3. Second semiannual interest payment. The bond discount amortization is combined with the semiannual interest payment. (Round your answer to the nearest dollar.)
Bonds Payable is always recorded at face value. Any difference in issue price is reflected in a premium or discount account. The straight-line method of amortization provides equal amounts of amortization over the life of the bond.
b. Determine the amount of the bond interest expense for the first year.
$
c. Why was the company able to issue the bonds for only $9,594,415 rather than for the face amount of $10,000,000.?

Answers

Answer:

Chin Company

Journal Entries

1. Issuance of the bonds:

Debit Cash $9,594,415

Debit Bond Discounts $405,585

Credit Bonds Liability $10,000,000

To record the issuance of the bonds at a discount.

2. June 30:

Debit Bond Interest Expense $383,777

Credit Cash $350,000

Credit Amortization of Bond Discount $33,777

To record the first interest payment and amortization of bond discount.

3. December 31:

Debit Bond Interest Expense $385,128

Credit Cash $350,000

Credit Amortization of Bond Discount $35,128

To record the second interest payment and amortization of bond discount.

b. The amount of the bond interest expense for the first year:

June 30: Bonds' Interest expense = $383,777

Dec. 31: Bonds' Interest expense = $385,128

Total bond interest expense for the first year = $768,905

c. Chin Company was able to issue the bonds for only $9,594,415 rather than for the face amount of $10,000,000 because the bonds were issued at a discount and not face value.  Bonds can be issued at face value, discount, or premium, depending on the prevailing investor's sentiments and the attractiveness of the bonds to investors.

Explanation:

a) Data and Calculations

Face value of bonds = $10 million

Discounted value (Cash receipt) = $9,594,415

Total amount of discount = $405,585

Bond's interest rate = 7%

Market yield = 8%

Bond maturity period = 5 years

Payment period = semiannually

Issuance of the bonds:

Cash $9,594,415 Bond Discounts $405,585 Bonds Liability $10,000,000

June 30:

Cash payment for interest = $350,000 ($10,000,000 * 3.5%)

Bonds' Interest expense = $383,777 ($9,594,415 * 4%)

Amortization of bond discount = $33,777 ($383,777 - $350,000)

Bond book value = $9,628,192 ($9,594,415 + $33,777)

December 31:

Cash payment for interest = $350,000 ($10,000,000 * 3.5%)

Bonds' Interest expense = $385,128 ($9,628,192 * 4%)

Amortization of bond discount = $35,128 ( $385,128 - $350,000)

Bond book value = $9,663,410 ($9,628,192 + $35,218)

ob 412 was one of the many jobs started and completed during the year. The job required $9,700 in direct materials and 45 hours of direct labor time at a total direct labor cost of $10,600. If the job contained four units and the company billed at 65% above the unit product cost on the job cost sheet, what price per unit would have been charged to the customer

Answers

Answer:

the price per unit that should be charged to the customer is $8,373.75

Explanation:

The computation of the price per unit that should be charged to the customer is shown below

Unit product cost = ($9,700 + $10,600) ÷ 4 units

= $5,075 per unit

Now the price per unit is

= Unit product cost × given percentage

= $5,075 × 165%

= $8,373.75

hence, the price per unit that should be charged to the customer is $8,373.75

Assume today is December 31, 2019. Imagine Works Inc. just paid a dividend of $1.25 per share at the end of 2019. The dividend is expected to grow at 15% per year for 3 years, after which time it is expected to grow at a constant rate of 6% annually. The company's cost of equity (rs) is 9.5%. Using the dividend growth model (allowing for nonconstant growth), what should be the price of the company's stock today (December 31, 2019)

Answers

Answer:

Value of stock = $47.99

Explanation:

The price of a stock using the dividend valuation model is the present value of the the future dividend expected from the stock discounted at the required rate of return.

Year                                   Present Value  

1    1.25× 1.15^1 × 1.095^(-1) =1.31

2    1.25× 1.15^2 × 1.095^(-2) = 1.38

3.    1.25× 1.15^3 × 1.095^(-3)= 1.45

Present value of Dividend in Year 4 and beyond

This will be done in two steps

Step 1

PV in year 3 terms  

= Dividend in year 4× (1.06)/(0.095-0.06)

1.25× 1.15^3 × 1.06/(0.095-0.06)=57.57

PV in year 0 terms =

PV in year 3 × 1.095^(-3)

=57.5759 × 1.095^(-3)= 43.852

Value of stock = 1.3  + 1.38 + 1.45  + 43.852= $47.99

Value of stock = $47.99

The Bradford Company issued 12% bonds, dated January 1, with a face amount of $87 million on January 1, 2021. The bonds mature on December 31, 2030 (10 years). For bonds of similar risk and maturity, the market yield is 14%. Interest is paid semiannually on June 30 and December 31. (FV of $1, PV of $1, FVA of $1, PVA of $1, FVAD of $1 and PVAD of $1) Required: 1. Determine the price of the bonds at January 1, 2021. 2. to 4. Prepare the journal entries to record their issuance by The Bradford Company on January 1, 2021, interest on June 30, 2021 and interest on December 31, 2021 (at the effective rate).

Answers

Answer:

1. $77,783,220

2. Jan-21

Dr Cash $ $77,783,220

Dr Discount On Bond $9,216,780

Cr Bond Payable $ $87,000,000

Explanation:

1. Calculation to Determine the price of the bonds at January 1, 2021.

First step is to calculate the Present Value Of Annual Interest

a Semi-annual Interest Amount $5,220,000

($87,000,000*12%/2)

b PV Annuity Factor for (20 Years,14%/2=7%) 10.5940

c Present Value Of Annual Interest (a*b) $ $55,300,680

($5,220,000*10.5940)

Second step is to calculate Present Value Of Redemption Amount

a Redemption Value $ $87,000,000

b PV Factor Of (20 Years,7%) 0.25842

c Present Value Of Redemption Amount (a*b) $ $22,482,540

($87,000,000*0.25842 )

Now let Determine the price of the bonds at January 1, 2021.

Intrinsic Value ( Price ) Of The Bond = ($55,300,680+$22,482,540)

Intrinsic Value ( Price ) Of The Bond =$77,783,220

Therefore the price of the bonds at January 1, 2021 is $77,783,220

2. Preparation of the journal entries to record their issuance by The Bradford Company on January 1, 2021,

Jan-21

Dr Cash $ $77,783,220

Dr Discount On Bond $9,216,780

($87,000,000-$77,783,220)

Cr Bond Payable $ $87,000,000

(Being to record issuance of bond)

3. Preparation of the journal entries to record their issuance by The Bradford Company on ion June 30, 2021

Jun-30

Dr Interest expenses $ 53,82,240

Discount On Bond payable $ 2,22,240

Cash $5,220,000

4.Preparation of the journal entries to record their issuance by The Bradford Company on

December 31, 2021

Dec-31 Interest expenses $ 53,97,797

Discount On Bond payable $ 2,37,797

Cash $5,220,000

( to record interest payment)

Pilgrim Industries scheduled its annual sales meeting at Celestial City Resort from January 5-10. In addition to meeting and hotel rooms, the resort was to provide an ice-skating pond for the Pilgrim's annual employee hockey game. In the weeks before the meeting, the resort is hit with its worst heat wave on record. Although hotel and meeting rooms are available, there is no possibility of ice skating at the site. If a court finds that the one of Pilgrim's principal purposes in the agreement was the inclusion of an ice-skating pond, the Pilgrim-Celestial contract could be discharged via the doctrine of:

Answers

Answer:

If a court finds that the one of Pilgrim's principal purposes in the agreement was the inclusion of an ice-skating pond, the Pilgrim-Celestial contract could be discharged via the doctrine of:

Frustration of Purpose.

Explanation:

The doctrine of Frustration of Purpose occurs when there is a change of circumstances that is not the fault of either Pilgrim Industries or Celestial City Resort.  Since these two parties did not cause the circumstances that made it legally, physically, or commercially impossible to fulfil the contract, the contract can be discharged by the court based on this doctrine.  It is also known as Force Majeure.

Colorado Rocky Cookie Company offers credit terms to its customers. At the end of 2021, accounts receivable totaled $625,000. The allowance method is used to account for uncollectible accounts. The allowance for uncollectible accounts had a credit balance of $32,000 at the beginning of 2021 and $21,000 in receivables were written off during the year as uncollectible. Also, $1,200 in cash was received in December from a customer whose account previously had been written off. The company estimates bad debts by applying a percentage of 10% to accounts receivable at the end of the year.

Required:
Prepare journal entries to record the write-off of receivables, the collection of Sl,200 for previously written off receivables, and the year-end adjusting entry for bad debt expense.

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

The journal entries are shown below:

Allowance for uncollectible accounts $21,000

         To Account receivable $21,000

(being written off is recorded)

Account receivable Dr $1,200

     To Allowance for uncollectible accounts $1,200

(Being written back of receivable is recorded)

Cash Dr $1,200

     To Account receivable $1,200

(being cash received is recorded)

Bad debt expense $50,300 ($32,000 - $21,000 + $1,200 - $625,000 × 0.10)

   To Allowance for uncollectible accounts $50,300

(being the bad debt expense is recorded)

Unimart Precision Manufacturing

Beginning inventory
Merchandise $275,000
Finished goods $450,000
Cost of purchases 500,000
Cost of goods manufactured 900,000
Ending inventory
Merchandise 115,000
Finished goods 375,000

Required:
Compute cost of goods sold for each of these two companies for the year.

Answers

Answer:

Cost of goods sold for each of these two companies for the year :

Unimart  =  $660,000

Precision Manufacturing = $975,000

Explanation:

Note : I have attached the full question as image below.

Unimart

Beginning Merchandise Inventory                  $275,000

Add Purchases                                                 $500,000

Less Ending Merchandise Inventory               ($115,000)

Cost of Goods Sold                                          $660,000

Precision Manufacturing

Beginning Finished Goods Inventory            $450,000

Add Cost of Goods Manufactured                 $900,000

Less Ending Finished Goods Inventory        ($375,000)

Cost of Goods Sold                                         $975,000

University Printers has two service departments (Maintenance and Personnel) and two operating departments (Printing and Developing). Management has decided to allocate maintenance costs on the basis of machine-hours in each department and personnel costs on the basis of labor-hours worked by the employees in each. The following data appear in the company records for the current period:
Maintenance Personnel Printing Developing
Machine-hours — 1,800 1,800 5,400
Labor-hours 650 — 650 2,600
Department direct costs $4,000 $14,000 $15,900 $12,600
Required:
Use the direct method to allocate these service department costs to the operating departments. (Negative amounts should be indicated by a minus sign. Do not round intermediate calculations.)
Maintenance Personnel Printing Developing
service dept. costs
maintenance allocation
personnel allocation
total cost allocation

Answers

Answer:

Maintenance $0

Personnel $0

Printing $19,700

Developing $26,800

Explanation:

Calculation to allocate these service department costs to the operating departments Using the direct method

Particulars Allocation Basis Maintenance Personnel Printing Developing

Cost as per primary data

$4,000 $14,000 $15,900 $12,600

SERVICE DEPARTMENT COSTS:

Maintenance allocation (S)

$0 $0 $1,000 $3,000

Personnel allocation (S)

$0 $0 $2,800 $11,200

Total Costs Allocated

$0 $0 $19,700 $26,800

Computation for the allocation of costs:

Maintenance = $4,000 *1,800/(1,800+5,400)

Maintenance = $4,000 *1,800/7,200

Maintenance =$1,000

Personnel = $14,000 *650/650+2,600

Personnel=$14,000 *650/3,250

Personnel=$2,800

Maintenance = $4,000 *5,400/(1,800+5,400)

Maintenance = $4,000 *5,400/7,200

Maintenance = $3,000

Personnel = $14,000 *2,600/650+2,600

Personnel = $14,000 *2,600/3,250

Personnel = $11,200

Therefore allocation of these service department costs to the operating departments Using the direct method will be :

Maintenance $0

Personnel $0

Printing $19,700

Developing $26,800

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