Classify the following as intensive or extensive properties of copper.

Enthalpy Changes the overall energy change in the substance portrayed in the graph at  48°C.

Mass (m) = 0.3 Kg

Initial temperature (T1) = 20°C

Heat (Q) added = 35 KJ

Specific heat capacity (C) = 4.18 KJ/Kg°C

Final temperature (T2)

The final temperature of water can be obtained as follow:

Q = MC(T2 – T1)

35 = 0.3 x 4.18 (T2 – 20)

35 = 1.254 (T2 – 20)

Clear the bracket

35 = 1.254T2 – 25.08

Collect like terms

1254T2 = 35 + 25.08

1.254T2 = 60.08

Divide both side by the coefficient of T2 i.e 1.254

T2 = 60.08/1.254

T2 = 47.9 ≈ 48°C

Therefore, the final temperature of the water is 48°C.

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Among the given compounds the 5th compound is chiral and having   the  central carbon is attached to different groups. All other compounds are achiral.

A compound become chiral if it contains at least one chiral center that is., a carbon atom with four different valences. For example CFClBrI is chiral since the carbon atom is joined with four different groups.

Chiral compounds are optically active and have stereoisomers. The first given compound is achiral , where all carbon atoms are attached to same groups in either side.

The second compound is also achiral where the carbon with the Cl group has no four different valencies. The third one is also achiral with a carbon atom having similar groups bonded to it . The fifth compound is achiral where, the carbon atom bearing Cl group and the carbon bearing Br group are chiral centers.

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The compounds below in image categorized as chiral or achiral.  There are 6 compounds.

If a combination of translations and rotations cannot superimpose the molecule's image on its mirror image, the molecule is said to be chiral.

If a molecule or ion cannot be superimposed on its mirror counterpart, it is said to be chiral. The term "chirality" refers to a molecule's geometric feature. A plane of symmetry or a centre of symmetry are absent from chiral compounds.

An achiral item and its mirror image are identical and can be superimposed. Golf clubs, scissors, shoes, and corkscrews are examples of chiral objects that have a "handedness." So, it's possible to purchase scissors and golf clubs with either hand. A right and a left pair of gloves and shoes are also available.

Thus,  The compounds below in image categorized as chiral or achiral.

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Companies become carbon neutral when when they calculate their carbon emission and compensate for what they have produced through carbon offsetting projects.

The term Carbon neutrality means having a balance between emitting carbon and absorbing carbon from the atmosphere in carbon sinks. Removing carbon oxide from the atmosphere and then storing it is known as carbon sequestration. Companies use their carbon footprint as a basis for setting long-term reduction targets and deciding what action to take. for example, the switch to green electricity. In many cases, the potential for reductions in carbon emissions is restricted. It is not possible for a haulage company. Official proof of credible carbon neutrality is important to consumers. Carbon neutrality must be verified by means of a recognized label.

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A statement best describes the usefulness of a model to investigate molecules at the microscopic level: A model’s usefulness depends on the accuracy of its predictions.

In science, a model is a representation of an idea, an object or even a process or a system that is used to describe and explain phenomena that cannot be experienced directly. Models are central to what scientists do, both in their research as well as when communicating their explanations.

Prof John Montgomery discusses how and why scientists use models, with climate change as an example.

Models are a mental visual way of linking theory with experiment, and they guide research by being simplified representations of an imagined reality that enable predictions to be developed and tested by experiment.

Models have a variety of uses – from providing a way of explaining complex data to presenting it as a hypothesis. There may be more than one model proposed by scientists to explain or predict what might happen in particular circumstances. Often scientists will argue about the 'rightness' of their model, and in the process, the model will evolve or be rejected. Consequently, models are central to the process of knowledge-building in science and demonstrate how science knowledge is tentative.

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Answer:

Oxygen was discovered independently by two chemists in the late 18th century: Carl Wilhelm Scheele and Joseph Priestley.

Carl Wilhelm Scheele was a Swedish chemist who is credited with the discovery of several elements, including oxygen, chlorine, and molybdenum. He was born on December 9, 1742, in Stralsund, Sweden, and showed an early interest in chemistry. In the 1770s, he made several important discoveries related to oxygen, including the fact that it is a gas and that it is necessary for combustion. However, he did not publish his findings until after Priestley had published his own work on oxygen. Scheele died on May 21, 1786, at the age of 43.

Joseph Priestley was an English scientist, philosopher, and theologian who is best known for his discovery of oxygen. He was born on March 13, 1733, in Birstall, England, and studied theology and science at the University of Leeds. In the 1770s, he conducted a series of experiments in which he isolated and described oxygen. He published his findings in 1774, in a book called "Experiments and Observations on Different Kinds of Air." Priestley's work on oxygen helped to lay the foundations for modern chemistry and the understanding of combustion and respiration. He died on February 6, 1804, at the age of 70.

Answer:

Periodic table

Explanation:

good

Draw each isomer and take into account all potential isomerisms. [Cr(NH3)5(NO2)]Cl2, the original compound; [Cr(NH3)5(ONO)] Cl2 (linkage isomerism via NO2), [Cr(NH3)5Cl)Cl(NO2) (ionization isomerism).

The two basic types of isomerism are stereoisomerism and spatial isomerism, in which the bonds between the atoms are the same but their relative positions are different, and structural as well as constitutional isomerism, in which the bonds between the atoms differ.

Their bonding patterns and the way they occupy three-dimensional space allow you to distinguish between them. By examining the bonding patterns, distinguish structural (constitutional) isomers. While the atoms in the compounds are identical, their connections create various functional groups.

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Be has the lowest electronegativity. This is because electronegativity generally increases as you move down a group and to the right of a period, and Be is located at the top left of the periodic table.

Li has the least metallic character. This is because metallic character generally decreases as you move down a group and to the right of a period, and Li is located at the top left of the periodic table.

Mg has the largest atom. This is because atomic radius generally increases as you move down a group and to the left of a period, and Mg is located in the middle of the second period.

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When a channel opens, H+ ions will flow out of the mitochondrion if the concentration of  H+ ions inside the mitochondrion is higher than the concentration outside the mitochondrion.

The inner mitochondrial membrane is where H+ ions and electrons from NADH and FADH2 are released. The energy released during the transfer of electrons is used to pump H+ ions into the intermembrane gap as electrons join the electron transport chain. Since H+ ions cannot penetrate the inner mitochondrial membrane and return to the matrix because it is impermeable to protons, there is a larger concentration of H+ ions in the intermembrane space, which creates and maintains a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Hence, open channel freely passes proton to inner membrane space.

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The RMS or the root mean square velocity of a gas particle is calculated because the net velocity of a gas sample is always zero.

The velocity of a given sample of gas is calculated because the temperature is directly related to the velocity of the gas particles. The reason we use RMS velocity instead of average velocity is that any gas sample always has its net velocity be zero. This is because the particles of the gas sample are always moving in all directions. So if we take the average velocity of the gas sample which becomes zero, the temperature will also be affected which is not the case in reality. Therefore, RMS velocity is always used instead of average velocity.

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Answer:

Ionic compounds generally form between elements that are metals and elements that are nonmetals. For example, the metal calcium (Ca) and the nonmetal chlorine (Cl) form the ionic compound calcium chloride (CaCl2).

Explanation:

As a result, will be 2.29 degrees Celsius. Thus, this represents the needed solution's freezing point.

When a non-volatile solute is dissolved in an organic solvent, a phenomena known as freezing point depression takes place.

The freezing point of the solvent is lowered below its usual freezing point by the addition of the solute. This is a result of the solute's presence, which causes the solvent's vapour pressure to fall.

This phenomena is crucial to the study of colligative characteristics, which deal with how the presence of solutes lowers a solution's freezing point, boiling temperature, and vapour pressure.

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As a result, will be 2.29 degrees Celsius. Thus, this represents the needed solution's freezing temprature.

When a non-volatile solute is dissolved in an organic solvent, a phenomena known as freezing point depression takes place.

The freezing point of the solvent is lowered below its usual freezing point by the addition of the solute. This is a result of the solute's presence, which causes the solvent's vapour pressure to fall.

This phenomena is crucial to the study of colligative characteristics, which deal with how the presence of solutes lowers a solution's freezing point, boiling temperature, and vapour pressure.

Molar mass of sucrose is equal to 342.297 g/mol (12 x 12.011 + 22 x 1.008 + 11 x 15.999).

1000 g = 1 Kg

As a starting point, let's determine how many moles of sucrose there are: (mass of sucrose/molar mass of sucrose) = (115.0 g/342.297 g/mol) = 0.3360 mol

Next, determine the molality of the sucrose solution: (moles of sucrose per kilogramme of solvent) = (0.3360 mol per 0.35 kilogramme) = 0.96 mol/kg or 0.96 m

Water does not allow the glucose molecules to associate or dissociate, hence the Van't Hoff factor I is equal to 1.

T f = I x Kf x m) = (1 x 1.853 deg C/m x 0.96 m) = 1.78 deg C is the depression in the freezing point of sucrose solution.

Pure water has a freezing point of 0 degrees Celsius.

So, the freezing point of a solution of sucrose is equal to (0 - 1.78), or - 1.78 degrees Celsius.

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Since the electrons in metals are shared across all of the metal atoms in the sample as "sea of electrons" which surrounds the metal ions, making metals more malleable and ductile than ionic and covalent substance.

A metallic composition of all metal atoms surrounds the metal ions with a "sea" of shared electrons. It is assumed that this electron sea is the source of the great conductivity, malleability, and ductility that make metals unique.

Metal ions can easily pass by one another and twist the metal without breaking it because of the electron sea in a metallic body. On the other hand, it is more challenging to modify ionic and covalent molecules without rupturing the bonds due to the strong chemical bonds that hold them together. Because of this, ionic and covalent compounds are less ductile and malleable than metals.

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Put raw meat, poultry, and shellfish in a separate section of your supermarket cart from other items. To prevent the fluids from these items from spilling onto other foods, put them in plastic bags. Additionally, it is important to keep these meals separate from other foods at the register and in your shopping bags.

What is contaminating food?

When a foreign substance or material that can cause foodborne illnesses is introduced to the food material, it is said to have been contaminated. Depending on its type and source, food contamination can be classified as biological, physical, or chemical.

Put raw meat, poultry, and shellfish in a separate section of your supermarket cart from other items. To prevent the fluids from these items from spilling onto other foods, put them in plastic bags. Additionally, it is important to keep these meals separate from other foods at the register and in your shopping bags.

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Scientists determine a nucleus' location within an atom by A. measuring half the distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms.

The Covalent radius is a value used to understand the covalent bonded atoms, while the atomic number refers to the number of protons and neutrons that are present in a given atomic nucleus, which allows us to obtain the relative distance between one atom and other atoms.

This value (the atomic number) is useful in chemistry in order to determine different elements since they are composed of a variable number of positively charged protons and neutrons in the nucleus, as well as the number of negatively charged electrons in the orbitals of the atom.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that the Covalent radius and atomic number are fundamental in order to determine the number of protons and neutrons and this info is associated with the relative distance observed between two bonded atoms.

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Answer: True

Explanation:

I remember learning this in AP Chemistry class. Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus of an atom when electrons are outside the core.

Unbalanced and Oxygen are the blank values which completes the statement regarding the given reaction.

[tex]2NaOH + H_2SO_4 - > Na_2SO_4 + H_2O[/tex]  the equation is unbalanced because the number of hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms is unequal in the reactant and in product side.

in order to fill the blank values we have to calculate the number of each atoms involved in the reaction on both side of the reaction.

i) [tex]Na[/tex] atom

  LHS = total number of [tex]Na[/tex] atoms on the left side of the reaction

  LHS = 2*1

  RHS = total number of [tex]Na[/tex] atoms on the right side of the reaction

  RHS = 1*2

  LHS = RHS so [tex]Na[/tex] atoms are balanced on both side.

ii) [tex]H[/tex]  atom

   LHS = total number of [tex]H[/tex] atoms on the left side of the reaction

   LHS = 2* 1+ 1 *2 =4

   RHS = total number of [tex]H[/tex] atoms on the right side of the reaction

   RHS = 1 *2 = 2

   LHS ≠ RHS so [tex]H[/tex]  atoms are unbalanced on both side.

iii) [tex]O[/tex]  atom

   LHS = total number of [tex]O[/tex] atoms on the left side of the reaction

   LHS = 2*1+ 4 =6

   RHS = total number of [tex]O[/tex] atoms on the right side of the reaction

   RHS =  1*4 + 1 =5

   LHS ≠ RHS so [tex]O[/tex]  atoms are unbalanced on both side.

iv) [tex]S[/tex] atom

  LHS = total number of [tex]S[/tex] atoms on the left side of the reaction

  LHS = 1

  RHS = total number of [tex]S[/tex] atoms on the right side of the reaction

  RHS = 1

  LHS = RHS so [tex]S[/tex] atoms are balanced on both side.

from the above comparisons we can observe than the complete reaction is unbalanced and  [tex]H[/tex] and [tex]O[/tex] have different count in reactant and product side.

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Answer:

where are the reactions.................

Explanation:

The relationship between the following compounds is diastereomers. The correct option is c.

Diastereomers frequently contain substances with ring structures. Consider two compounds that each have two substituents—a chlorine atom and an ethyl group—and each has a six-membered ring. Like our previous example, they do not mirror copies of one another, which designates them as diastereomers.

Diastereomers are substances that have the same molecular formula and arrangement of bound elements as other substances but are not mirror or superimposable copies of one another.

Therefore, the correct option is c, diastereomers.

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The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below: The image of the compound is added.

Answer:

half of the genetic makeup from the mother and half from the father

Explanation:

Their mother passes one copy on to them through the egg, while their father passes the other one along (via the sperm). Each egg and sperm have a single set of 23 chromosomes. Two copies of each chromosome and two copies of each gene are present when the sperm fertilizes the egg, resulting in the formation of an embryo.

By filtration technique using funnel filter out of salt NaCl. By rotary evaporation technique, evaporate the organic solvent and the sucrose will be left.

All plants, including fruits, vegetables, and even nuts, naturally produce sugar, the familiar and beloved simple carbohydrate, which is known by its chemical name, sucrose. Natural sugars such as sucrose can be found in varying concentrations in plants such as fruits, vegetables, and nuts. From sugar cane and sugar beets, sucrose is also economically produced. Your body needs energy to carry out both physical and mental tasks, and sucrose, a carbohydrate, gives you that energy. Foods like sucrose and starch are broken down by your body into fructose and glucose during digestion. To provide energy to your cells, your body breaks down the fructose and glucose.

a study found that taking the more "natural type of sugar" could be just as harmful to your health as ingesting high fructose corn syrup.

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Oxidation number of C is a) +2 b) +4 c) +4 d) +3 e) -4 f) 0 g) +4 h) +6 i)+6

j) +4 k) +2 l)2.5 m) -2 n)  -1  o) +4

A) CO

x + (-2) = 0

Thus, x = +2

Oxidation number of C = +2

B) CO2

x + 2 (-2) = 0

x = +4

Oxidation number of C = +4

C) Na2CO3

2 (+1) + x + 3(-2) =0

2 + x -6 = 0

x = +4

Oxidation number of C = +4

D) Na2C2O4

2(+1) + 2x + 4(-2)

2x = +

x = +3

Oxidation number of C = +3

E) CH4

x + 4(+1) = -4

Oxidation number of C = -4

F) H2CO

2(+1) + x (-2) =0

x = 0

Oxidation number of C = 0

G) SO2

x + 2 (-2) = 0

x = +4

H) SO3

x + 3(-2) = 0

x = +6

I) Na2SO4

2(+1) + x + 2(--4)

x = +6

K) Na2SO3

2(+1) + x + 3(-2) =0

2 + x -6 = 0

x =+4

K) Na2S2O3

2(+1) + 2x + 3(-2) =0

2x = +4

x = +2

L) Na2S4O6

2(+1) + 4 x + 6(-2) =0

4x = 10

x = 2.5

M)SCl2

x + 2(-1) = 0

x = -2

N) Na2S2

2(+1) + 2x = 0

x = -1

O) SOCl2

x + -2 + 2(-1)

X = +4

An atom's hypothetical charge, or oxidation number, would be zero if all of its links to other atoms were completely ionic. It describes how much an atom in a chemical compound has oxidised (lost electrons). The oxidation state could theoretically be zero, positive, or negative. Owing to the fact that many bonds in nature exhibit high ionicity despite the absence of fully ionic bonds, the oxidation state is a good indicator of charge.

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The valence electrons of Neon is 8. Neon has the atomicnumber 10. It is a stable noble gas.

Valence electrons are the total number of electrons present in the outermost shell of an atom. The valence electron for neutral atom is always definite. Neon has eight valence electrons, a full octet that makes neon quite stable Noble gas. This can be confirmed via it's electronic configuration by looking at the highest energy level which is 2 in this case

The electronic configuration of Neon is,

              1s2 2s2 2p6 or [He] 2s2 2p6

Here, the 2s orbital holds two valence electrons while the 2p orbital holds the other six valence electrons. so there are 8 valence electrons that is a full octet.

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The lewis structure of I₃⁻ is attached as a picture.

The geometry of the I₃⁻ molecule is linear. Although there are three atoms of iodine, only one of them has a negative charge. This results in three lone pairs of electrons and two bond pairs being created as a result. It is going to have a steric number of 5. The three lone pairs will avoid contact with one another and go to equatorial locations. The lewis structure represents that, by accepting an extra electron, the core I atom has increased the size of its octet. This electron is responsible for giving it a -ve charge.

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When 20.0 ml of 0.10 m Ba(NO₃)₂ (aq) and 50.0 ml of 0.10 m Na₂CO₃ (aq) are mixed together, a precipitate of BaCO₃ will be formed.

In aqueous solution, precipitation is defined as the process of turning a soluble substance into an insoluble solid from a supersaturated solution.

Precipitation of a compound generally occur when its concentration exceeds its solubility. This may happen due to temperature changes, solvent evaporation, or mixing of solvents. Precipitation always occurs faster from a highly oversaturated solution.

When the barium chloride solution reacts with sulfuric acid, a white precipitate of barium sulfate is formed in the product side.

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Answer:

Composition of Sodium Oxide - Na 2 O Element - Mass Percent Sodium 45.9795g Sodium 45.9795g Oxygen 15.9994g Oxygen 15.9994g

Answer:

Below

Explanation:

TWO sodium atoms     2 X   22.99 = 45.98

ONE oxygen atom       15.999

total = 61.979

Sodium percent =   45.98 / 61.979 = 74 %

   the remainder is Oxygen   26%

The  dichloromethane (DCM) a good organic solvent to solubilize benzoic acid and acetanilide because of the polarity of dichloromethane.

The DCM is a good organic solvent because it is volatile and have the ability to dissolve a wide range of the organic compound. the solubility of the benzoic acid and the acetanilide  in the dichloromethane is due the polarity. the like dissolves like. the DCM is less polar solvent.

The DCM dissolves the non ionic compounds and the slightly polar compounds. the water is the polar compound and it dissolves the ionic compound and the polar compounds. this is the reason dichloromethane (DCM) a good organic solvent to solubilize benzoic acid and acetanilide.

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A 0.10 M solution has a percent ionization of 1.32 %.

Any process that converts electrically neutral atoms or molecules (ions) to electrically charged molecules and atoms (ions) by gaining or losing electrons. For example, sodium chloride (NaCl) dissolves and splits its molecules into negative and positive ions.  

                   HCOOH --------------------> HCOO- + H+

intial                  0.1                                  0             0

final                  0.1-x                                x              x

[tex]Ka = \frac{HCOO^{-} H^{+} }{HCOOH}\\\\1.8 * 10^{-5} = \frac{x^{2}}{0.1 - x} \\\\1.8 * 10^{-6} = x^{2}\\[/tex]

(ignoring x in (0.1-x) as x is very small because HCOOH is weak acid)

% ionization = ([HCOO -]/[HCOOH]intial) * 100

                  = (1.34*10^-3)*100/0.1

                = 1.34 %

A 0.10 M solution, on the other hand, has a percent ionization of 1.34%.

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At equilibrium, there is a much higher concentration of products than reactants.

What is equilibrium?

Equilibrium is a state of balance in which all forces acting on an object are equal and opposite, resulting in the object being motionless. It is a state of being when the forces acting on a system are balanced and no further change will occur unless an external force is applied. Equilibrium can be seen in everyday life; for example, when a pencil is balanced on its pointed tip, the forces of gravity and the reaction of the pencil on the surface are equal and opposite, allowing the pencil to remain motionless.

K= [products]/[reactants]

If K=1 then concentration of reactants and products are equal.

If K>1 that means [Products]>[reactants]

so,it is the case because K= 1×10⁸>1

So, at equilibrium there is much higher concentration of products than reactants.

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