Answer:
It is expected that accessions/lines that exhibit the same bands in SDS-PAGE are phylogenetically similar (or even identical, duplicated, accessions) and therefore they can be removed when developing a core collection of germplasm. Subsequently, the accessions of the core collection can be clustered into subgroups (subpopulations) based on the distances observed between lines, reflected by different protein band patterns observed in SDS-PAGE. It is expected that these subpopulations adequately contain the genetic diversity of the core collection (useful in breeding programs).
Explanation:
SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis), is a technique widely used in molecular biology to separate proteins based on their molecular weights. In crop improvement programs, this information can result useful to identify accession lines and develop core collections. A core collection is a limited set of lines or accessions/varieties obtained from a large germplasm collection that is expected to contain the genetic diversity of crop species. In this case, cowpea lines that exhibit the same bands in SDS - PAGE are expected to be phylogenetically similar (or even identical/duplicated accessions), thereby these lines can be removed in order to conserve one accession in the core collection. Subsequently, the remaining lines can be classified by a phenogram based on distance measures clustered by UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean). This cluster analysis enables the construction of a phylogenetic tree from a distance matrix based on protein patterns in SDS-PAGE, thereby obtaining subpopulations (clusters) which will be useful in breeding programs.
What is the correct order of carbon dioxide as it leaves the respiratory tract?
Answer:
please give me brainlist and follow
Explanation:
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is transferred from returning blood back into gaseous form in the lungs and exhaled through the lower respiratory tract and then the upper, to complete the process of breathing.
Muscles that produce movement in a single direction are
a. prime movers.
b. antagonists.
C. synergists.
O d. obliques.
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Answer:
D
Explanation:
What are the four kinds of acid precipitation ?
Write down the classes of foods digested in the gut from the mouth to the duodenum?
Explanation:
The chyme is gradually pushed down the duodenum by peristaltic waves which flow down the length of the digestive tract. Most of the digestion of the protein, fats and carbohydrate in the chyme is done by the enzymes in the duodenum, before the resultant mixture is passed further into the small intestine.
In a few months, you receive a brief note from the breeder that he checked the four offspring and three have the purple trait and one has the white trait. Since only four offspring were produced, there are not necessarily enough offspring to observe the ratio you predicted. What is the probability of observing three purple and one white offspring: If the purple parent is Pp
Complete question:
1) Inspired by Gregor Mendel, you visit a local greenhouse to see what a pea plant looks like in person. You spot a plant in the corner and immediately notice that it exhibits the purple trait of the flower color character. This character is controlled by one gene with two alleles, the dominant purple P allele, and the recessive white p allele. Identify what you know for certain based on your observation. Check all that apply.
You know the genotype of the plant. This plant has at least one copy of the P allele.This plant must be heterozygous with respect to the flower color gene.You know the phenotype of the plant.2) In another corner of the greenhouse, you find another pea plant. This plant, however, exhibits the white trait of the flower color character. The greenhouse plant breeder approaches you and mentions that he plans to cross-fertilize the two plants that you have seen. He offers to let you know how the offspring turn out. Without realizing it, the breeder is actually conducting a
dihybrid cross testcross monohybrid cross3) If you were able to examine hundreds of offspring from this cross, what ratio of purple flowers to white flowers would you observe:
If the purple parent is PP ---------If the purple parent is Pp ----------4) In a few months, you receive a brief note from the breeder that he checked the four offspring and three have the purple trait and one has the white trait. Since only four offspring were produced, there are not necessarily enough offspring to observe the ratio you predicted. What is the probability of observing three purple and one white offspring:
If the purple parent is Pp? ----------If the purple parent is PP? ----------5) Based on the four offspring observed, you --------- (can/ cannot) know for certain whether the purple parent is Pp or PP.
Answer:
1)
This plant has at least one copy of the P allele. Because the plant is purple and the P allele is the one that codifies for this color. You know the phenotype of the plant. You can see that the plant has purple flowers, so you know its phenotype regarding flower color.2) A test cross
3)
If the purple parent is PP → 1:0 (100% heterozygous purple flowers, Pp)If the purple parent is Pp → 1:1 (50% Purple Pp, and 50% white pp)4)
If the purple parent is Pp? 3/4 = 75% purple and 1/4 = 25% whiteIf the purple parent is PP? 4/4 = 1 = 100% purple and 0 white5) Based on the four offspring observed, you CAN know for certain that the purple parent is Pp.
Explanation:
Due to technical problems, you will find the complete question, the answer, and the explanation in the attached files.
In the figure above, only the pathway labeled _____ requires oxygen.
a. A
c. C
b. B
d. A and B
Storage polysaccharides, like starch and glycogen, often contain over a million glucose units. The energetic cost of synthesizing polysaccharides is high (about one high-energy phosphate bond per sugar residue added). Suppose that in a liver cell, the glucosyl residues in large numbers of glycogen molecules were replaced with an equivalent number of molecules of free glucose. What problems would this cause for the liver cell
Answer:
Glucose present as monomers within the cell will exert more osmotic pressure than a single glycogen molecule, resulting in endosmosis and the lysing of cells.
Also, the presence of free glucose molecules will result in increase in weight of the liver due to lack of efficient packing as in glycogen as well as the association ofnthe glucose molecules with water molecules.
Explanation:
Glycogen is a polysaccharide composed of glucose monomer units linked to Each other by α-1,4-glycosidic binds. α-1,6-branches arises at about every 10th glucose residue in the straight chain. Thus animals more glucose molecules to be stored within a much smaller space, thereby incresing the bulkiness of glycogen. Glycogen molecules are insoluble in the aqueous medium of the cell because it doesn't have enough free polar groups to participate in hydrogen bonding with water and are stored as granules and therefore do not affect the water potential or osmotic balance of the cell.
On the other hand, glucose molecules are highly soluble in water because it has many free polar -OH grours that form hydrogen bonds with water. If the glucosyl residues in large numbers of glycogen molecules were replaced with an equivalent number of molecules of free glucose, the free glucose will exert a high osmotic pressure inside the cell, causing the entry of water in the cell by endosmosis resulting in swelling and lysis ofnthe cell. Also, the space occupied by these free glucose units within the cell will be much larger than that of glycogen whichmenables efficient packing ofthe glucose molecules.
The structure composed of a sheet of simple squamous epithelial cells that's folded onto itself to form a double layer is a
Answer:
This question lacks options, the options are;
A. parietal layer.
B. serous membrane.
C. nuclear membrane.
D. mucous membrane.
The answer is B
Explanation:
The serous membrane is a covering membrane found in living systems. The serous membrane covers the surfaces of certain structures in the body such as heart, lungs etc. where they secrete lubricants that reduce friction during movement.
The structure of the serous membrane is composed of a sheet of simple squamous epithelial cells (secretes the lubricants) that folds onto itself to form a double layer. The layers are joined by a connective tissue.
The diagram below, best represents.
Answer:
B. An Ecosystem
Explanation:
A C and D do not fit the picture.
please help me it’s due in 20 minutes
Answer:
ok
Explanation:
1. p
2. n
3. n
4. p
5. n
6. p
7.p
8. n
Using the DNA strand below, select the answer choice that displays the correct polypeptide sequence. DNA TAC/GCA/TTA/GGC/AAC/ACT a Meth-Ile-Pro-Gln-Leu-stop b Meth-Arg-Val-Ala-Trp-stop c Meth-Arg-Asn-Thr-Ala-stop d Meth-Arg-Asn-Pro-Leu-stop
Answer:
d Meth-Arg-Asn-Pro-Leu-stop
Explanation:
This question is describing the processes of transcription and translation of protein synthesis. Transcription is the synthesis of mRNA from DNA while translation is the synthesis of amino acid from mRNA. In this question, the following DNA sequence is given:
TAC/GCA/TTA/GGC/AAC/ACT
- Following the complementary base pairing rule i.e A-U, G-C, T-A etc, the following mRNA transcript will be produced after transcription:
AUG/CGU/AAU/CCG/UUG/UGA
- Using the genetic code, the following amino acid sequence will be produced from the above mRNA sequence after translation:
Methionine/Arginine/Asparagine/Proline/Leucine/STOP.
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Body Systems and Organization
Answer:
the answer to the question is B
Answer:
B) The reproductive system.
Explanation:
The reproductive system provides humans with the ability to reproduce.
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Darwin observed that finches’ _______ were specialized according to their unique environments.
Answer:
beaks
Explanation:
Describe two primary functions of the cell membrane.
Answer:
Explanation:
The cell membrane, therefore, has two functions: first, to be a barrier keeping the constituents of the cell in and unwanted substances out and, second, to be a gate allowing transport into the cell of essential nutrients and movement from the cell of waste products.
1. What was the dependent variable measured in the experiment?
A.the number of plants surviving after 30 days
B.plant height
C.pH of the water
D.the volume of water used to water the plants in the different groups
e. the mass of the plants in each group
Answer:
b.
Explanation:
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Whether there is a net flow of fluid into or out of a capillary at a given spot along its length depends on _____.whether or not the fluid contains carbon dioxide whether or not the fluid contains oxygen whether the fluid contains nutrients or wastesthe balance between blood pressure and osmotic pressurethe needs of the tissue
Answer: Depends on the balance between blood pressure and osmotic pressure.
Explanation:
The capillaries are part of the microcirculation that transports nutrients to the tissues and removes cell excreta. The walls of the capillaries are extremely thin, constructed of single - layer, highly permeable endothelial cells. Therefore, water, cell nutrients and cell excreta can all interchange quickly and easily between the tissues and the circulating blood.
The tissues of the body is made up of soo many capillaries which helps to deliver blood and it's contents to it. The hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries tends to force fluid and it's dissolved substances through the capillary pores into the interstitial spaces. Conversely, osmotic pressure caused by the plasma proteins( called COLLOID OSMOTIC PRESSURE) tends to cause fluid movement by osmosis from the interstitial spaces into the blood. This osmotic pressure excreted by the plasma proteins normally prevents significant loss of fluid volume from the blood into the interstitial spaces.
Therefore, a balance between hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries which is influenced by blood pressure and osmotic pressure in order for a net flow of fluid into or out of a capillary to occur.
Sex linked genes are located on the
a. autosomes
b. the X chromosme only
c. the Y chromosome only
d. both the X and Y chromosomes
Answer:
d
Explanation:
Answer:
D. Both X and Y chromosomes
Explanation:
Sex linked is a trait in which a gene is located on a sex chromosome. In humans, the term generally refers to traits that are influenced by genes on the X chromosome. This is because the X chromosome is large and contains many more genes than the smaller Y chromosome.
The body is made up of systems that work together so that an organism can survive and grow. The musculoskeletal system contains muscles that move the body. How does the circulatory system help the muscles to function? OA. by transporting oxygen that can be used by the muscles to produce energy OB. by transporting oxygen that can be used by the muscles for sensing information OC. by transporting carbon dioxide that can be used by the muscles to produce energy OD. by transporting carbon dioxide that can be used by the muscles for sensing information
Answer:
yes
Explanation:yes
what is the final step in the water cycle?
Answer:
The funny thing is that the water that falls from the sky as rain today, might have fallen last week, last month, last year or thousands of years ago. It is the greatest recycler of all time! There are four main stages in the water cycle. They are evaporation, condensation, precipitation and collection.
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The Hawaiian honeycreeper bird has a mutualistic relationship with the Hawaiian silversword plants. The Hawaiian silversword plants have been widely destroyed due to human development in the area
Which of the following explanations BEST predicts how human development will affect the Hawaiian honeycreeper bird population?
Answer:
The Hawaiian honeycreeper bird population will decrease because they rely on the Hawaiian silversword plants for survival.
Explanation:
The destruction of Hawaiian silversword plants due to human development hurts the Hawaiian honeycreeper bird population as the bird exists in a mutual relationship with the plants.
What is the relationship between Hawaiian silversword plants and honeycreeper birds?Hawaiian honeycreeper bird has a mutual relationship with Hawaiian silversword plants, where the bird feeds on the plant's nectar and pollinates the flowers. If the plant population decreases, it will result in a reduced food supply for the bird which decreases their population size.
Loss of the silversword plants also destroys their habitat which can impact their population. Therefore, human development results in a decrease in the Hawaiian honeycreeper bird population.
However, the loss of the honeycreeper bird population also affects the ecosystem as they play a very important role in seed dispersal and plant reproduction which reduces plant diversity and also negatively impact other species that depend on the Hawaiian silversword plants for food.
Therefore, the destruction of Hawaiian silversword plants hurts the Hawaiian honeycreeper bird population as the bird exists in a mutual relationship with the plants.
Learn more about Hawaiian silversword plants here:
https://brainly.com/question/9805219
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Evolution can occur at different rates; however, for evolution to occur,
there must be *
A) variations within a species
B) extinction of the species
C) asexual reproduction
D) no change in the genes of an organism
Answer:
A (this is filler for the 20 characters needed)
9.How does a hummingbird's beak help it to meet its basic needs?Lector inmersivo
(1 Punto)
The beak helps the bird to fly.
The beak allows the bird to swim fast.
The beak scares away predators.
The beak allows the bird to eat the nectar out of flowers.
explain how red colorblindness is inherited. why is this condition more common in males than in females
Answer:
From your parents DNA i believe
Explanation:
Which statement is an example of a qualitative measurement?
A
That structure is four meters long.
B
Water can have a cold temperature.
с
This solution has a temperature of 56° C.
D
Light travels at 3 x 108 m/s.
Answer:
The correct answer is - B. Water can have a cold temperature.
Explanation:
Qualitative measurement is a type of measurement that is not based on numerical or numbers but is completely based on the quality of the particular thing. It can be distinguished on basis of the term quality which is based on the character of the substance or condition whereas quantitive is which is based on numerics or numbers.
Among these, all the three choices have numerical measurement but the choice in which it is expressed that water can have cold temperature is qualitative measurement as cold is the quality of the water here.
A pulse of sugars labelled with a fluorescent dye is supplied to leaves of young plants. After a brief interval, tissue sections are obtained from the plant and examined under the fluorescence microscope. Tissues are scored for the presence of fluorescence and ranked from very high to low fluorescence. Which cells would contain the most fluorescence
A pulse of sugars labelled with a fluorescent dye is supplied to leaves of young plants. After a brief interval, tissue sections are obtained from the plant and examined under the fluorescence microscope. Tissues are scored for the presence of fluorescence and ranked from very high to low fluorescence. Which cells would contain the most fluorescence
a. xylem
b. companion cells
c. sieve elements
d. epidermis
Answer: b. companion cells
Explanation:
The xylem and phloem are the vascular tissues in plants. Their function is to transport water and sugars respectively to all the parts of the plant body. Xylem is only involved in water transport. Companion cells and sieve elements are the two components of the phloem. The companion cells are the storage house of sugars they have a role in movement of the sugars in and out of the sieve elements. They take up sugars via active transport by using their transmembrane proteins. The companion cells will show major fluorescence as these are the reservoir of sugars.
stions
sc2bs13h.Ch07.05
A motor unit is a motor neuron (nerve cell) plus
of the muscle fibers it stimulates.
a. one-half
b. one-third
C. three-fourths
d. all
Answer:
D or A I think it might be D but maybe A
What does this timeline suggest about the feminist movement?
Answer:
B
Explanation: