Assuming that H0 = 70 km/s/Mpc , calculate the mass of the parent galaxy.

A small satellite galaxy is moving in a circular orbit around a much more massive parent and just happens to be moving exactly parallel to the line of sight as seen from Earth. The recession velocities of the satellite and the parent galaxy are measured to be 6450 km/s and 6500 km/s , respectively, and the two galaxies are separated by an angle of 0.1∘ in the sky.

The open universe theory, states that the mass of the universe is not large enough for its gravity to slow down the expansion caused by the Big Bang, and it will continue expanding indefinitely.

This theory also known as the unbounded or infinite universe theory suggests that the geometry of the universe is flat, meaning that parallel lines will never meet or intersect, and that the total energy of the universe is zero. In an open universe, the expansion will not stop, and galaxies will continue to move away from each other at an increasing rate. This theory is supported by observations of the cosmic microwave background radiation, which provide evidence for the early expansion of the universe.

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Answer:

0.05 ms

Explanation:

The speed of sound in air is about 343 m/s. If the sound waves are coming from a source that is 1 meter away, then it will take about 3.43 microseconds for the sound waves to reach the right ear and about 3.53 microseconds for the sound waves to reach the left ear. This is a difference of about 0.097 microseconds, which is about 0.05 ms.

The human brain is very good at detecting small differences in time, and it uses this information to determine the direction of a sound source. When the sound waves reach the left ear slightly later than the right ear, the brain interprets this as a sound coming from the right side. The greater the difference in time, the further to the right the brain will perceive the sound to be.

In the case of a 500 Hz sound, the brain will perceive the sound to be coming from about 45° to the right of center if the sound waves reach the

The range of a 400 keV beta particle (2.27 MeV from 90Y) in bone with a density of 1.9 g/cm3 is approximately 0.000197 cm.

Using the Bethe-Bloch formula, the range of a 400 keV beta particle in bone with a density of 1.9 g/cm3 can be calculated as:

[tex]R = 0.415 * (E/ \rho Z^2) * (1/\beta^2 - 1)[/tex]

where R is the range in cm, E is the kinetic energy of the beta particle in MeV, ρ is the density of the material in g/cm3, Z is the atomic number of the material, and β is the velocity of the beta particle as a fraction of the speed of light.

Plugging in the given values, we get:

[tex]R = 0.415 * (0.4 / (1.9 * 22.5^2)) * (1 / (1 - (0.4 / 2.27)^2)) \\R = 0.415 * (0.4 / 966.375) * (1 / 0.858) \\R = 0.000197 cm[/tex]

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Answer:

The final velocity is 30 m/s

Explanation:

Use the formula:

[tex]V_{f} = V_{i} +a*t\\V_{f} = 0 + 0.5*60\\V_{f} = 30 m/s[/tex]

a) The moment of inertia of each rod about the rotation axis is MR*L2/12.

Axis is a reference line used for plotting points on a graph. It is used to indicate a direction and to measure distances. In a two-dimensional graph, the x-axis is typically used to represent the horizontal axis, while the y-axis is used to represent the vertical axis. In a three-dimensional graph, an additional z-axis is used to represent the third dimension. On the x-axis, the points are typically labeled with the independent variable, while the y-axis is labeled with the dependent variable. By plotting points on a graph, relationships between two or more variables can be seen and analyzed. This can be used to identify trends and make predictions about data.

b) The moment of inertia of the cylinder about the rotation axis is MC*R2.

c) The moment of inertia of the whole fan about the rotation axis is the sum of the moment of inertia of the rods and the cylinder, so it is MR*L2/12 + MC*R2.

d) Substituting in the values from the problem, the moment of inertia of the whole fan about the rotation axis is 3.4*0.942/12 + 1.8*0.0672 = 0.4086 kg m2.

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The period of a simple pendulum is given by the formula:

T = 2π√(L/g)

where T is the period of the pendulum, L is the length of the pendulum, and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

We can rearrange this formula to solve for g:

g = (4π²L)/T²

Plugging in the given values:

L = 51.0 cm = 0.510 m

T = 133 s / 110 = 1.209 s

(Note that we divide the total time by the number of cycles to get the time for one cycle.)

So,

g = (4π² × 0.510 m) / (1.209 s)²

= 9.57 m/s²

Therefore, the magnitude of the gravitational acceleration on this planet is approximately 9.57 m/s².

*IG:whis.sama_ent*

Answer:  7.68 m/s²

Explanation: The period of a simple pendulum is given by the formula:

T = 2π√(L/g)

where T is the period, L is the length of the pendulum, and g is the gravitational acceleration.

In this problem, the pendulum completes 110 full swing cycles in a time of 133 s, which means that the period of the pendulum is:

T = 133 s / 110 = 1.209 s

Substituting this into the formula above and solving for g, we get:

g = (4π²L) / T² = (4π²)(0.51 m) / (1.209 s)² ≈ 7.68 m/s²

Therefore, the magnitude of the gravitational acceleration on this planet is approximately 7.68 m/s².

Our viewing angle from Earth can affect the type of AGN (Active Galactic Nuclei) we observe. If we view an AGN from the direction of its accretion disk, we see a quasar, which is an incredibly bright object.

if we view the same AGN from a different angle, we may see a less bright active galactic nucleus, such as a Seyfert galaxy or a blazar. This is because the orientation of the accretion disk and the angle of the jets relative to our line of sight can affect the amount of radiation that reaches us.

In some cases, the orientation of the AGN can also affect the appearance of its emission lines. For example, in a type 2 Seyfert galaxy, which is viewed at an angle where the accretion disk is obscured by a thick torus of dust and gas, the broad emission lines that are typically seen in type 1 Seyfert galaxies may be absent or significantly narrower. Thus, the viewing angle from Earth plays an important role in the study of AGN and their properties.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The decay of a radioactive substance is governed by the formula:N(t) = N₀ e^(-λt)where N₀ is the initial amount of the substance, N(t) is the amount remaining after time t, and λ is the decay constant.The half-life of Iodine-131 is 8 days, which means that after each 8-day period, the amount remaining will be reduced by half. We can use this fact to calculate the amount remaining after 56 days.First, we need to find the decay constant λ, which is related to the half-life by the formula:λ = ln(2) / t½where ln(2) is the natural logarithm of 2, and t½ is the half-life.Substituting the values we have:λ = ln(2) / 8 days ≈ 0.08664 day^(-1)Next, we can use the formula for N(t) to calculate the amount remaining after 56 days:N(56) = N₀ e^(-λt) = 256 g e^(-0.08664 day^(-1) × 56 days) ≈ 22.6 gTherefore, approximately 22.6 grams of the original 256 gram sample would remain after 56 days.

Answer:

In a horizontal mass spring system, the energy changes between potential energy and kinetic energy. When the spring is at its equilibrium position, the mass has potential energy stored in the spring, and no kinetic energy. As the mass is displaced from its equilibrium position and begins to move, potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. The maximum kinetic energy occurs when the mass is at the maximum displacement.

As the mass moves back towards the equilibrium position, the kinetic energy is converted back into potential energy stored in the spring. The maximum potential energy is reached when the mass reaches the equilibrium position. The energy then changes back to kinetic energy as the mass moves past the equilibrium position again.

If the same mass spring system is vibrating vertically instead of horizontally, gravitational potential energy also comes into play. When the mass is at its highest point, it has maximum gravitational potential energy and minimum kinetic energy. As it falls towards the equilibrium position, the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. At the equilibrium position, the kinetic energy is maximum and potential energy is minimum. As the mass moves back up towards the maximum point, the kinetic energy is converted back into gravitational potential energy. This process continues as the system oscillates vertically.

may or may not be lying. ＼(^_^)／

a. f = 5.0 Hz

b. T = 1/f

1/5.0 Hz

period of 0.20 s

c. λ = v/f

4.0 m/s / 5.0 Hz

wavelength of 0.80 m

IG:whis.sama_ent

A wave oscillates 5.0 times a second and has a speed of 4.0 m/s.

A. The frequency of any wave is the number of times it oscillates in one  second. That's given in the question.  

Frequency  =  5.0 Hertz.

B.  The period of any wave is the reciprocal of its frequency.

Period  =  (1 / 5.0 Hz)  

Period  =  0.2 second .

C.  The wavelength of any wave is (speed / frequency).

Both of these numbers are given in the question.

Wavelength = (4.0 m/s) / (5.0 Hz) .

Wavelength  =   0.8 meter .

(a)

To find the current flowing through each resistor, we can use Ohm's Law, which states that the current (I) through a resistor is equal to the voltage (V) across the resistor divided by the resistance (R) of the resistor:

I = V / R

As there is only one path for the current to go in the series circuit, the current flowing through both resistors is the same.

We can determine the current flowing through the circuit using the values provided in the problem by doing the following:

Total resistance (Rt) = 47 Ώ + 28 Ώ = 75 Ώ

Total current (It) = V / Rt = 12 V / 75 Ώ = 0.16 A

Therefore, the current flowing through each resistor is 0.16 A.

(b)

We may apply Ohm's Law once more to determine the voltage difference between each resistor, but this time we will solve for the voltage:  

V = I x R              

The voltage difference across each resistor can be determined using the values provided in the problem as follows:

Voltage across 47 Ώ resistor = 0.16 A x 47 Ώ = 7.52 V

Voltage across 28 Ώ resistor = 0.16 A x 28 Ώ = 4.48 V

Therefore, the voltage difference across the 47 Ώ resistor is 7.52 V, and the voltage difference across the 28 Ώ resistor is 4.48 V.

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The magnitude of the resulting angular acceleration about the pivot point is approximately 0.0021 rad/s^2.

To solve this problem, we need to use the equation for the torque on a rigid body:

τ = Iα

where τ is the torque, I is the moment of inertia, and α is the angular acceleration. We can also use the fact that the torque is given by:

τ = r × F

where r is the vector from the pivot point to the point of application of the force, and F is the force. The vector cross product r × F gives the torque about the pivot point.

First, we need to find the vector r. Since the force is acting at an angle of 95° to the horizontal, the vertical component of the force is given by:

Fy = F sin(95°) = 1.5 sin(95°) ≈ 0.15 N

The horizontal component of the force is given by:

Fx = F cos(95°) = 1.5 cos(95°) ≈ 0.04 N

The vector r points vertically downward from the pivot point and has a magnitude equal to half the length of the rod:

|r| = 0.5(1.9 m) = 0.95 m

Therefore, the vector r is given by:

r = -0.95j

where j is the unit vector in the vertical direction.

The torque about the pivot point is given by:

τ = r × F = (-0.95j) × (0.04i + 0.15j) = -0.15k

where i is the unit vector in the horizontal direction and k is the unit vector in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the rod and pointing out of the page.

Substituting the moment of inertia and torque into the equation for angular acceleration, we have:

α = τ/I = (-0.15k)/(930.02/12) ≈ -0.0021 rad/s^2

Therefore, the magnitude of the resulting angular acceleration about the pivot point is approximately 0.0021 rad/s^2.

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Saul (30 kg) is tobogganing down a hill:

(a) total energy 14130 J.

(b) height of the hill 11.5 m.

(c) velocity 15.0 m/s.

(d) height 4.6 m.

(a) The total energy of Saul and the toboggan is equal to the sum of their kinetic and potential energies. At the point when Saul passes his sister, he has kinetic energy due to his motion and potential energy due to his height above the bottom of the hill. The toboggan also has kinetic energy due to its motion. The total energy is given by:

Total energy = kinetic energy + potential energy

= (1/2)(mS + mT)v² + (mS + mT)gh

where mS = 30 kg is Saul's mass,

mT = 10 kg is the toboggan's mass,

v = 15 m/s is Saul's velocity,

g = 9.8 m/s² is the acceleration due to gravity, and

h = 20 m is the height above the bottom of the hill.

Plugging in the values:

Total energy = (1/2)(30 kg + 10 kg)(15 m/s)² + (30 kg + 10 kg)(9.8 m/s²)(20 m)

= 8250 J + 5880 J

= 14130 J

Therefore, the total energy of Saul and the toboggan is 14130 J.

(b) The height of the hill can be found by equating the initial potential energy at the top of the hill to the total energy at the point when Saul passes his sister. That is:

(mS + mT)gh = (1/2)(mS + mT)v² + (mS + mT)gh

Simplifying and solving for h:

h = (1/2)v²/g

= (1/2)(15 m/s)²/9.8 m/s²

= 11.5 m

Therefore, the height of the hill is 11.5 m.

(c) To find Saul's velocity at the bottom of the hill, use conservation of energy again. At the bottom of the hill, all the potential energy has been converted to kinetic energy. That is:

(mS + mT)gh = (1/2)(mS + mT)v²

Simplifying and solving for v:

v = √[2gh]

= √[2(9.8 m/s²)(11.5 m)]

= 15.0 m/s (to two significant figures)

Therefore, Saul's velocity at the bottom of the hill is 15.0 m/s.

(d) To find Saul's height when he is moving at a velocity of 9.5 m/s, we can use conservation of energy again. This time, equate the kinetic energy at this point to the initial potential energy. That is:

(1/2)(mS + mT)v² = (mS + mT)gh

Simplifying and solving for h:

h = v²/2g

= (9.5 m/s)²/(2)(9.8 m/s²)

= 4.6 m

Therefore, Saul's height when he is moving at a velocity of 9.5 m/s is 4.6 m.

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The correct answer is (B) A potential energy of -2.0 J.

A scalar quantity is a physical quantity that has magnitude only and no direction.

Potential energy is a scalar quantity because it is a measure of the energy stored in an object or system, which does not depend on direction or orientation.

Velocity (A) and displacement (D) are vector quantities, as they have both magnitude and direction. Momentum (C) is also a vector quantity, as it is the product of mass and velocity and therefore has both magnitude and direction.

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To correct the issue of flipped imagery caused by mirrors you can use a technique called "mirror flipping". Mirror flipping involves using a second mirror to reflect the reflected image from the first mirror which then flips it back to its original orientation

Alternatively you can use a prism to correct the orientation of the image. A prism is a transparent object that can bend light. By placing it infront of the mirror you can reflect the twice, effectively helping in the correction of the orientation of the image

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Answer:

2 Pascal (Pa)

Explanation:

Pressure is defined as the force acting per unit area. Mathematically, it is expressed as:

Pressure (P) = Force (F) / Area (A)

Given:

Force exerted by the air inside the balloon (F) = 1 N

Area of the balloon (A) = 0.5 m^2

Plugging in the given values into the formula for pressure, we get:

P = F / A

P = 1 N / 0.5 m^2

Using basic arithmetic, we can calculate the pressure inside the balloon:

P = 2 N/m^2

So, the pressure inside the balloon is 2 N/m^2, which is also commonly referred to as 2 Pascal (Pa) since 1 Pascal is equal to 1 N/m^2.

Explanation:

INITIAL  Vertical velocity is given by

30 m/s * sin 37

 then gravity begins to slow it down

30 sin37  -  (9.81) t   = vertical velocity at  t

    when v = 0 , the car is at its apex and will fall back down in the same amount of time

  0 = 30 sin37 - 9.81 t      shows t = 1.84 seconds to peak

    then another 1.84 seconds to fall to the ground   total = 3.7 seconds

The velocity, measured in the Earth reference frame, of an inertial reference frame in which the cat's kinetic energy does not change is equal to the velocity of the skier before the collision. The velocity of the skier before the collision is 15 m/s.

According to the law of conservation of momentum, the total momentum before the collision must be equal to the total momentum after the collision. This can be expressed as m1*v1 + m2*v2 = (m1 + m2)*vf, where m1 and m2 are the masses of the skier and the cat respectively, v1 is the velocity of the skier, and vf is the velocity of the skier and the cat after the collision.

The kinetic energy converted to internal energy in the Earth reference frame can be determined by applying the law of conservation of momentum.

The amount of kinetic energy converted to internal energy can be calculated as follows:

m1*v1 = (m1 + m2)*vf

vf = (m1*v1)/(m1 + m2)

KE = (1/2)*m2*v2²

KE converted = KE initial - KE final

KE converted = (1/2)*m2*v2² - (1/2)*m2*((m1*v1)/(m1 + m2))²

KE converted = (1/2)*m2*v2² - (1/2)*m2*((60*15)/(60 + 5))²

KE converted = (1/2)*5*3.8² - (1/2)*5*(15²/65)

KE converted = 28.8 - 22.15

KE converted = 6.65 J

The velocity, measured in the Earth reference frame, of an inertial reference frame in which the cat's kinetic energy does not change is equal to the velocity of the skier before the collision.

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Answer:

A. Yes, the force of the engine does work on the car as it makes the car move forward.

B. Yes, the kinetic energy of the car increases as the car gains speed due to the force of the engine.

C. The gravitational potential energy of the car remains constant as the car is moving on a horizontal road, and there is no change in its height.

D. Yes, the tractive force of the engine changes the mechanical energy of the car as it is a type of external force that transfers energy to the car and increases its kinetic energy.

Explanation:

a student rises their 15 kg back pack from the floor at a constant velocity of 5.0 m/s then they apply of 37.5 N of force.

Force is responsible for the motion of an object. it produces acceleration in the body. According to newton's second law force is mass times acceleration i.e. F =ma. Its SI unit is N which is equivalent to kg.m/s². There are two types of forces, balanced force and unbalanced force.

In this problem student rises 15 kg of backpack at constant velocity and it happens in 2s, so consider time t = 2s.

Force is change in velocity with respect to time multiplied by mass.

F = m dv/dt

F = 15 kg × 5.0 m/s/2s

F = 37.5 N

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If a displacement vector is 23 km in length and directed 65° south of east. the components of this vector is: (a) 21 km 9.7 km.

The displacement vector can be resolved into its eastward and southward components using trigonometry. Let's call the eastward component "x" and the southward component "y".

From the given information, we know that the displacement vector makes an angle of 65° south of east. This means that the angle between the vector and the eastward axis is 90° - 65° = 25°.

Using trigonometry, we can relate the length of the vector to its components:

cos 25° = x / 23

sin 25° = y / 23

Solving for x and y, we get:

x = 23 cos 25° ≈ 21 km

y = 23 sin 25° ≈ 9.7 km

Therefore, the answer is (a) 21 km eastward component and 9.7 km southward component.

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Answer:  Part A:

The period of a simple pendulum is given by the formula: T = 2π√(L/g), where L is the length of the pendulum and g is the acceleration due to gravity. If the mass of the bob is doubled, the period of the pendulum will change. To see how much it changes, we can use the fact that the period depends only on the length of the pendulum and the acceleration due to gravity, and not on the mass of the bob. Therefore, the new period of the pendulum will be the same as the old period: T.

Part B:

If the pendulum is brought to the moon, where the acceleration due to gravity is about g/6, the new period of the pendulum can be found using the same formula as before: T = 2π√(L/g). However, now we need to use the value of the acceleration due to gravity on the moon, which is g/6. Therefore, the new period of the pendulum is T' = 2π√(L/(g/6)) = 2π√(6L/g) = √6T.

Therefore, the answer is: T/√6.

Part C:

If the pendulum is taken into an orbiting space station, the bob will continue to oscillate in a vertical plane with the same period as it did on the surface of the Earth. This is because the period of the pendulum depends only on the length of the pendulum and the acceleration due to gravity, and not on the location of the pendulum. In the space station, both the pendulum and the point to which it is attached are in free fall, but they are falling together and maintaining their relative positions, so the pendulum will continue to oscillate as before.

a. The current through the resistor is 2.50 milliamperes. b. The power dissipated by the resistor is 62.5 milliwatts. c. The power input from the battery is also 62.5 milliwatts. d. The energy dissipated by the resistor is converted into heat energy and is lost to the surroundings.

The current through the resistor can be found using Ohm's law:

I = V/R = 25.00 V / 10 kΩ = 2.50 mA

The power dissipated by the resistor can be found using the formula:

P = I² R

Substituting the values, we get:

P = (2.50 x 10⁻³ A)² x 10 kΩ = 62.5 mW

The power input from the battery can be found using the formula:

P = IV

Substituting the values, we get:

P = (2.50 x 10⁻³ A) x 25.00 V = 62.5 mW

The energy dissipated by the resistor is converted into heat energy and is lost to the surroundings. This is known as joule heating or ohmic heating, where the electrical energy is converted into thermal energy due to the resistance of the material.

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The correct statement is" He discovered electromagnetic induction after seeing a changing magnetic field generate an electric current."The correct option is C.

Hans Oersted was a physicist who conducted a number of experiments in the early 19th century that contributed to our understanding of the relationship between electricity and magnetism. In one of his most famous experiments, he discovered electromagnetic induction, which is the process by which a changing magnetic field generates an electric current in a nearby conductor.

Option A is incorrect because Oersted did not discover electromagnetic induction by seeing a compass needle deflected by a flowing electric current. Instead, he noticed that a compass needle was deflected when a current-carrying wire was brought near it.

Option B is incorrect because although Oersted observed a compass needle is deflected, it was not solely due to the flowing electric current. It was the interaction between the electric current and the magnetic field that caused the deflection.

Option D is incorrect because although a changing magnetic field can generate an electric current, Oersted's discovery was based on the observation of a current-carrying wire creating a magnetic field that affected a nearby compass needle.

Therefore, the correct option is C because Oersted discovered electromagnetic induction by seeing a changing magnetic field generate an electric current, which is the core concept of this phenomenon.

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Answer:

D

Explanation:

The maximum height reached by a stone thrown straight up with an initial speed of 35 m/s can be found using the kinematic equation:

v^2f = v^2i - 2gh

where vf is the final velocity (0 m/s at the maximum height), vi is the initial velocity (35 m/s, the magnitude of the velocity with which the stone is thrown upwards), g is the acceleration due to gravity (-9.8 m/s^2), and h is the maximum height reached by the stone.

Rearranging the equation, we get:

h = (vi^2)/(2g)

Substituting the given values, we have:

h = (35 m/s)^2 / (2 * 9.8 m/s^2)

= 62.6 m

Therefore, the maximum height reached by the stone is approximately 63 m.

The answer is (d).

Answer:

Explanation:

To find the angle of deviation, we can use the formula:

angle of deviation = (refractive index of metal - refractive index of air) x angle of incidence

The angle of incidence can be calculated using Snell's law:

sin(angle of incidence) / sin(angle of refraction) = refractive index of air / refractive index of metal

sin(angle of incidence) / sin(25°) = 1 / 1.75

sin(angle of incidence) = 0.5714

angle of incidence = 34°

Now we can substitute this value into the formula for angle of deviation:

angle of deviation = (1.75 - 1) x 34°

angle of deviation = 21°

Therefore, the angle of deviation is 21°.

1. The half-life is 2 days

2. The time taken is 130 days

3. The half-life is 30 minutes

4. The half-life is 213000 years

The half-life of a material is the time taken for half the material to decay.

From the above diagram, the following were obtained

From the diagram, we can see that the time taken to get to half of the element is 2 days.

Thus, we can conclude that the half-life is 2 days

First, we shall determine the number of half lives that has elapsed. This is obtained as follow:

2ⁿ = N₀ / N

2ⁿ = 100 / 25

2ⁿ = 4

2ⁿ = 2²

n = 2

Finally, we shall determine the time taken. Details below

t = n × t½

t = 2 × 65

Time taken = 130 days

First, we shall determine the number of half lives that has elapsed. This is obtained as follow:

2ⁿ = N₀ / N

2ⁿ = 200 / 50

2ⁿ = 4

2ⁿ = 2²

n = 2

Finally, we shall determine the half-life. Details below

t½ = t / n

t½ = 60 / 2

Half-life = 30 minutes

First, we shall determine the number of half lives that has elapsed. This is obtained as follow:

2ⁿ = N₀ / N

2ⁿ = 500 / 62.5

2ⁿ = 8

2ⁿ = 2³

n = 3

Finally, we shall determine the half-life. Details below

t½ = t / n

t½ = 639000 / 3

Half-life = 213000 years

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