Cooperation among senders is possible, and that this junk mail avoiding behavior would change.
Advertising by mail has become much less effective, with fewer consumers responding. Because consumers are increasingly overwhelmed by the sheer amount of junk mail they receive, most discard almost all others without considering them. Thus, an effective way tor corporations to improve response rates would be to more carefully target the individuals to whom they mail advertising, thereby cutting down on the amount oi junk mall each consumer receives.
(E) This option directly supports the likelihood of the recommendation working. It flat out says that response rates to well targeted mail are better, and on top of that, even better than most forms of advertising in general (including traditional junk mail since the prompt says people discard almost all offers without considering them).
To know more about Advertising visit:https://brainly.com/question/11850986
#SPJ4
Complete question:Advertising by mail has become much less effective, with fewer consumers responding. Because consumers are increasingly overwhelmed by the sheer amount of junk mail they receive, most discard almost all otters without considering them. Thus. an effective way tor corporations to improve response rates would be to more carefully target the individuals to whom they mail advertising, thereby cutting down on the amount oi junk mall each consumer receives.
Which of the following, if true, would most support this recommendation?
(A) There are cost effective means by which corporations that currently advertise by mail could improve response rates.
(B) Many successful corporations are already carefully targeting the individuals to whom they mail advertising.
(C) Any consumer who, immediately alter receiving an advertisement by mail, merely glances at it is very likely to discard it.
(D) Improvements in the quality of the advertising materials used in mail that is carefully targeted to individuals can improve the response rate for such mail.
(E) Response rates to carefully targeted advertisements by mail are considerably higher, on average, than response rates to most other forms of advertising.
bill is currently claiming unemployment. he reads that unemployment benefits are going to be extended and decides that he does not need to put as much effort into looking for a job. which type of information asymmetry does the scenario best represent?
Bill is applying for unemployment right now. When he learns that his unemployment benefits will be extended, he decides that he doesn't need to work as hard looking for work. In markets, asymmetric information causes issues that result in market failure. Moral hazard and adverse selection are the two primary issues.
There is a presumption that employees should not undermine one another at work. It would be socially embarrassing to take a friend's job by underpaying them. As a result, workers are reluctant to actually offer lower-paying jobs.
Which of the following most accurately describes cyclical unemployment?
A period of negative economic growth known as a recession can result in cyclical unemployment. Downturns in a business cycle, when demand for goods and services decreases over time, can also result in cyclical unemployment.
Learn more about unemployment here:
https://brainly.com/question/305041
#SPJ4
Why does an increase in gas prices lead to less consumer spending on other items?.
The demand for gas is largely inelastic is an increase in gas prices lead to less consumer spending on other items.
good's price elasticity of demand is a measure of how sensitive the quantity demanded is to its price. When the price rises, quantity demanded falls for almost any good, but it falls more for some than for others.
The price elasticity gives the percentage change in quantity demanded when there is a one percent increase in price, holding everything else constant. If the elasticity is −2, that means a one percent price rise leads to a two percent decline in quantity demanded. Other elasticities measure how the quantity demanded changes with other variables (e.g., the income elasticity of demand for consumer income changes).
Price elasticities are negative except in special cases. If a good is said to have an elasticity of 2, it almost always means that the good has an elasticity of −2 according to the formal definition. The phrase "more elastic" means that a good's elasticity has greater magnitude, ignoring the sign.
To learn more about inelastic visit here:
brainly.com/question/28192591
#SPJ4
when thinking of buying your first home it is important to (check all that apply)
When thinking of buying your first home it is important to To determine how much house you can afford, look at your household income, savings (for a down payment and closing costs), and ongoing debt.
The total gross income of all household members who are over a certain age is often referred to as household income. Every family member who resides under one roof, including spouses and their dependents, is considered part of the household.
Even if not all of the income is used to maintain the home, it still counts. Even if they are not related, everyone who lives in the home counts toward the household income. Household income is a crucial risk factor that lenders consider when evaluating loan applications and is a helpful economic indicator of a region's standard of living.
The total gross income before taxes obtained by all household members who are over a certain age over the course of a year is referred to as household income.
To know more about Household income visit:
https://brainly.com/question/26675727
#SPJ4
red envelope partnership distributes cash of $20,000 and land with a basis of $10,000 and a fair market value of $40,000 to khadij, whose outside basis in red envelope is $50,000. what is khadij's basis in the land and remaining basis in the partnership after this operating distribution?
$5,000 basis in land and $0 basis in partnership
Reason: Khadij first reduces her basis in the partnership by the money, leaving only $5,000 of basis to be allocated to the land. Her partnership basis is thus reduced to $0.
What is partnership?An agreement between two or more people to manage a business' operations and divide its assets and liabilities is known as a partnership.All partners in a general partnership corporation split the company's assets and debts equally.Lawyers and other professionals frequently create limited liability partnerships.A partnership may have tax advantages over a corporation.A partnership, broadly speaking, can be any project that several people undertake together. Governments, charitable organizations, businesses, or private persons may be the parties. A partnership's objectives can also differ greatly.The three primary types of partnerships are general partnerships, limited partnerships, and limited liability partnerships when referring to a for-profit endeavor carried out by two or more people.All partners in a general partnership are equally liable financially and legally. The debts that the partnership incurs are personally liable to the individuals. Equal shares are also given to profits. In a partnership agreement, the mechanics of profit sharing will almost definitely be spelled out in writing.
To learn more about partnership, refer to
https://brainly.com/question/25012970
#SPJ4
Quality _____ are voluntary groups of people drawn from various production teams who make suggestions about the acceptability of a product but have no authority to make decisions or execute decisions.
Quality circles are voluntary groups of people drawn from various production teams who make suggestions about the acceptability of a product but have no authority to make decisions or execute decisions.
Quality circles provides the solution to the management about the concerning problem.
They motivates employees to share he problem related to work and solve it in a better manner.
It generally solves issue regarding the occupational health and safety.
They contributes towards the development of an organization by exploring hidden potentials of the employees.
The objective is to improve the productivity and product quality in the organization.
They helps to provide healthy work environment to work .
To know more about Quality circles:
https://brainly.com/question/24092637
#SPJ1
there is a need for every business in the international marketplace to understand the prevailing culture in the countries that they are doing business in. this is known as multiple choice question. a global village. branding a business. globalization. cross-cultural literacy.
The correct answer is cross-cultural literacy. Cross-cultural acquisition has been outlined as understanding. However, the rustic culture affects the manner business is practiced.
Accepting a card from a Japanese capitalist isn't an off-the-cuff action. The person gifting the cardboard can bow and present it with each hand. The recipient takes it with each hand, indicating respect.
Cross-cultural skills are incontestable through the flexibility to speak with respect; acknowledge others' values, settle for data, skills, and talents; and tolerate, engage, and celebrate the success of others.
To learn more about Cross-cultural, visit here
https://brainly.com/question/14271958
#SPJ4
if an increase of $10 million in excess reserves increases checkable deposits in the banking system by a maximum of $100 million, the required reserve ratio would be group of answer choices 0 percent. 5 percent. 10 percent. 20 percent. 2 percent.
The required reserve ratio would be 10 percent.
What do you mean by ratio?
A ratio shows how many times one number contains another. If a fruit dish comprises eight oranges as well as six lemons, the orange-to-lemon ratio is eight to six. Similarly, the proportion of lemons to oranges is 6:8 (or 3:4), while the proportion of oranges to overall fruit is 8:14. (or 4:7). A ratio's numbers can be any quantity, such as a count of persons or objects, or measures of lengths, weights, time, and so forth. In most situations, both numbers must be positive. A ratio can be thought of as an ordered pair of integers, a fraction with the first number in the denominator and the second in the numerator, or the value signified by this fraction.
To learn more about ratio
https://brainly.com/question/12024093
#SPJ4
A formal report may be defined as a document in which a writer_____to solve a problem.
Formal reports present______to decision makers in business, industry, government and education.
What is the next step to take after defining the issue and describing the scope of your investigation and analysis?
a. Organize your research data
b. Choose the layout and style of the report template
c. Anticipate the needs of the audience
Which of the following phrases might be useful in writing the purpose statement for your formal report? Check all that apply.
a. We establish
b. The research explains
c. We evaluate
d. The research team establishes
After collecting and analyzing your data, you will need to organize it. Choose an organizational strategy, and then outline your report.
Why should you choose an organizational strategy for your report?
a. Poorly organized reports might reveal your true motives.
b. Logical information impresses decision makers
c. Well-organized reports demonstrate an understanding of how to use Web resources
What section of a proposal identifies the problem and discusses the goals of the project?
a. Background, problem, and purpose
b. Staffing
c. Authorization request
What should be promoted in the staffing section of the proposal?
a. The credentials and expertise of the reader's company
b. Cost savings for internal staff as well as benefits costs
c. The credentials and expertise of the project leaders and support staff
A formal report may be defined as a document in which a writer analyses findings to solve a problem.
A formal report is a comprehensive analysis that helps decision-makers in business, industry, and government. Formal reports analyze data and other information, draw conclusions, and suggest solutions for problems that have been recognized.
Formal reports can be classified as analytical or informational, depending on the purpose that is stated at the start of the report. Informational reports offer data or facts rather than recommendations. Data and facts are also provided in analytical reports, but they also analyze and interpret data to make recommendations.
To know more about formal reports, refer to the following link:
https://brainly.com/question/14273067
#SPJ4
which of the following firms should maintain excess borrowing capacity to avoid financial distress costs?
Firms with Volatile sales, High operating leverage, Many potential investment opportunities and Special purpose assets should avoid financial distress.
When a business or individual is in financial hardship, it means that they are unable to satisfy their financial responsibilities because they are not able to create enough revenue or money.
This is typically caused by high fixed expenditures, a high percentage of illiquid assets, or revenue sources that are susceptible to economic downturns. Individuals may experience financial distress due to bad spending habits, excessive debt loads, lawsuits, or job loss.
Learn more about financial distress here:
https://brainly.com/question/28179097
#SPJ4
The video clip from tommy boy where they were talking about the guarantee on the box demonstrated overcoming objections. At what point in the sales process does this usually happen?.
When they were talking about the guarantee on the box demonstrated overcoming objections, the sales occur in part when they explain about what things are guaranteed. They promote the store's service to buyers, which is also part of the sale.
Marketing can be described to create awareness of your organization and brand to potential customers. Sales means turn viewership into a profit, by changing those potential customers into actual ones. The crucial of marketing for your business is that it create the customers aware of your products or services, engages them, and helps them make the buying decision.
Learn more about marketing at https://brainly.com/question/13414268
#SPJ4
the delivery, installation, warranty, and tech support you receive from best buy after buying a tv relates to which product level?
An augmented product has been given extra features or services by its seller to set it apart from similar products sold by rival companies
What exactly are augmented products?An auxiliary benefit or unique service that supports the primary product is known as an augmented product. Sellers utilize this technique to give their customers extra value for nothing. A product augmentation example is providing a warranty.An augmented product has been given extra features or services by its seller to set it apart from similar products sold by rival companies. A product can be enhanced by adding extra features or benefits that are not physically present.the addition of extra features, advantages, qualities, or associated services that assist to set the product apart from its rivals.To learn more about Augmented products refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/28017400
#SPJ4
which of the following can affect mortgage affordability?
a. mortgage rates
b. your down payment
-c. the length of the loan
d. the amount of income you earn
Your down payment can affect mortgage
affordability. Mortgage affordability mainly refers to your ability to repay any loans made to you by the bank.
When you apply for a mortgage, banks perform a number of affordability checks on you and your finances to determine the answer to that question.
Mortgage eligibility and affordability go hand in hand, and mortgage underwriting—when lenders take a closer look at your finances—supports both.
You'll have a better chance of receiving a mortgage offer if you pass affordability checks for a mortgage.
There's a good chance that you'll have enough new space in your salary to cover the repayments if you've been saving for a deposit for months or years while paying rent, but if you've been living paycheck to paycheck, you might need to prepare your finances before applying.
To know more about Mortgage visit:
https://brainly.com/question/13447700
#SPJ4
epiphany industries is considering a new capital budgeting project that will last for three years. epiphany plans on using a cost of capital of 12% to evaluate this project. based on extensive research, it has prepared the following incremental cash flow projects:
Epiphany Industries is considering a new capital budgeting project that will last for three years. Epiphany plans on using a cost of capital of 12% to evaluate this project. Based on extensive research, it has prepared the following incremental cash flow projects:
Year 1 2 3
Sales (Revenues) 100,000 100,000 100,000
- Cost of Goods Sold 50,000 50,000 50,000
(50% of Sales)
- Depreciation 30,000 30,000 30,000
= EBIT 20,000 20,000 20,000
- Taxes (35%) 7000 7000 7000
= unlevered net 13,000 13,000 13,000
income
+ Depreciation 30,000 30,000 30,000
- capital expenditures -90,000
Free cash flow is the number by which a business's operating cash flow exceeds its working capital needs and expenditures on fixed assets.
To determine the FFF, here the calculated
the free cash flow = $13,000 + $30,000 + $0 = $43,000
To determine the NPV, the calculate is shown below:
NPV=-$90,000+$43,000/(1+12%)¹+$43,000/(1+12%)²+$43,000/(1+12%)³=
$13,278.74 ≈ $13,300
This question is not complete, the complete question is shown below:
1. The free cash flow for the first year of Epiphany's project is closest to:________
A. $43,000B. $25,000C. $13,000D. $45,0002. The NPV for Epiphany's Project is closest to:_______
A. $4,800B. $39,000C. $13,300D. $20,400Learn more about FFF at https://brainly.com/question/14762501
#SPJ4
1. what was the market structure prevalent in the household relocation segment of the indian logistics industry and what are the characteristics?
The marketplace shape gift within side the family relocation section for the Indian logistics enterprise become a Monopolistic Competitive Market shape.
The required details for Monopolistic competition in given paragraph
Monopolistic opposition is a kind of imperfect opposition such that there are numerous manufacturers competing in opposition to every different, however promoting merchandise that are differentiated from one another (e.g. with the aid of using branding or quality) and subsequently aren't best substitutes. In monopolistic opposition, a business enterprise takes the charges charged with the aid of using its competitors as given and ignores the effect of its personal charges at the charges of different companies. If this takes place within side the presence of a coercive government, monopolistic opposition will fall into government-granted monopoly. Unlike best opposition, the business enterprise keeps spare capacity. Models of monopolistic opposition are regularly used to version industries. Textbook examples of industries with marketplace systems much like monopolistic opposition include restaurants, cereals, clothing, shoes, and provider industries in big cities.
The "founding father" of the concept of monopolistic opposition is Edward Hastings Chamberlin, who wrote a pioneering book at the subject, Theory of Monopolistic Competition (1933).
To know about Monopolistic competition click here
https://brainly.com/question/28041434
#SPJ4
Percy is attracted by the advantages of enterprise software but his small business cannot afford to make a major up-front investment in new applications at this time. Percy _____.
Percy You might consider paying as you go enterprise software that is hosted.
What kind of system makes use of a public database with essential operational and planning data?Over the past few decades, enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems have grown to be a crucial tool for enterprises. An ERP solution automates crucial business procedures and acts as a central repository for all operational and financial data from across the organization.
Which of the following approaches to task separation in an ERP system is the most effective?Which of the following approaches to task separation in an ERP system is the most effective? There shouldn't be a single individual in charge of authorizing, documenting, or maintaining custody of organizational assets.
To know more about software visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/985406
#SPJ1
a company purchased $4,500 worth of merchandise. transportation costs for the buyer were an additional $395. the company returned $310 worth of merchandise and then paid the invoice within the 3% cash discount period. the total cost of this merchandise is:
The total cost of merchandise as company purchased is $4362.5.
Define the term cash discount?Cash discounts as incentives provided by sellers that decrease the level that the consumer owes by a set dollar amount or by a predetermined percentage of total bill. Discount given in exchange for immediate payment and payment within a certain period of time.Cash discount = (Purchases + Transportation cost - Purchase returns) * Cash discount rate.
Purchases - $4,500
Transportation cost - $395
Purchase returns - $310
Cash discount rate - 3%
Put the values;
Cash discount = (4,500 + 395 - 310) x 3%
Cash discount = $137.5
Total cost = 4500 - 137.5
Total cost = $4362.5
Thus, the total cost of merchandise as company purchased is $4362.5.
To know more about the cash discount, here
https://brainly.com/question/26724289
#SPJ4
the opportunity cost of holding money suppose you've just inherited $10,000 from a relative. you're trying to decide whether to put the $10,000 in a non-interest-bearing account so that you can use it whenever you want (that is, hold it as money) or to use it to buy a u.s. treasury bond. the opportunity cost of holding the inheritance as money depends on the interest rate on the bond. for each of the interest rates in the following table, compute the opportunity cost of holding the $10,000 as money. interest rate on government bond opportunity cost (percent) (dollars per year) 6 600.00 3 300.00 what does the previous analysis suggest about the market for money? the quantity of money demanded increases as the interest rate falls. the quantity of money demanded decreases as the interest rate falls. the supply of money is independent of the interest rate.
Quantity demand decreases as interest rate rises because of Md=KPY-hi.
When the interest rate is 8%, the opportunity cost is 800 dollars per year for 10000.
When the interest rate is 10%, the opportunity cost is 1000 dollars per year for 10000.
Specifically, while interest rates go up, people come to be much less interested in protecting money in view that keeping money quantities to holding much less interest-incomes deposits, and thus less interest received.
Therefore, at better interest fees, the money demanded comes down. In the current financial system, money incorporates coins and financial institution deposits.
Learn more about interest rate here: https://brainly.com/question/25793394
#SPJ4
All of the following individuals work to help set standard costs:_____.
a. purchasing managers
b. managerial accountants
c. engineers
All of the following individuals work to help set standard costs purchasing managers.
They evaluate suppliers, negotiate contracts, and check product quality. Purchasing managers oversee the work of buyers and buyers and typically undertake more complex procurement tasks.
Purchasing Manager Supply He is a key link in the chain, acting as a professional with ultimate responsibility for sourcing the highest quality goods and services at the best possible price, ensuring the company's cost efficiency.
Purchasing is generally responsible for selecting suppliers, negotiating and managing long-term contracts, monitoring supplier performance, placing orders with suppliers, developing a responsive supplier base, and maintaining good supplier relationships. increase.
Learn more about purchasing managers https://brainly.com/question/15306856
#SPJ4
Which is not a true statement regarding a company issuing bonds over stock to raise additional capital?.
Bonds give ownership in a business is not a true statement regarding a company issuing bonds over stock to raise additional capital.
What is capital?
In economics, capital means the money a business needs to function and grow. Typical examples of equity include cash on hand and accounts receivable, cash equivalents, equity and fixed assets. Investments are significant long-term assets not intended to be sold in the ordinary course of business. Capital is a broad term that refers to anything that provides value or benefits to its owner, such as factories and their equipment, intellectual property such as patents, and financial assets of companies and individuals. Money itself can be called capital, but the term is usually used to describe money used to make things or invest. In the business world, the term capital refers to everything owned by a company that contributes to the accumulation of wealth. Sources of capital include: Liquefiable financial assets such as cash, cash equivalents and securities.
Tangible assets such as machinery and equipment used to manufacture products.
To learn more about capital from the given link :
https://brainly.com/question/679709
#SPJ4
Ethel and jack each separately apply for and receive a loan worth $7,725 apiece. ethel has a relatively average credit rating, so her loan has an apr of 9.14%, compounded monthly. jack’s credit rating is excellent, so his loan has an apr of 6.88%, compounded monthly. if they both pay off their respective loans by making six years of identical monthly payments, how much more will ethel pay than jack? (round all dollar values to the nearest cent.) a. $1,047.51 b. $1,681.17 c. $687.48 d. $613.44
if they both pay off their respective loans by making six years of identical monthly payments, $613.44 more will ethel pay than jack.
A credit score is a numerical expression based totally on a stage evaluation of a person's credit files, to represent the creditworthiness of a man or woman. A credit score score is primarily based on a credit score document, statistics typically sourced from credit score bureaus.
lenders, inclusive of banks and credit score card businesses, use credit score ratings to assess the capability chance posed through lending money to consumers and to mitigate losses because of bad debt. creditors use credit score rankings to determine who qualifies for a mortgage, at what interest price, and what credit score limits. creditors also use credit score scores to decide which customers are likely to bring inside the maximum sales.
credit scoring is not confined to banks. different businesses, together with mobile telephone organizations, insurance corporations, landlords, and government departments appoint identical techniques. virtual finance groups such as online creditors additionally use alternative information assets to calculate the creditworthiness of borrowers.
To learn more about credit scores visit here:
brainly.com/question/25668115
#SPJ4
multiple choice question purchasing power parity (ppp) multiple choice question. is a reason why all economies have left the gold standard. is as commonly accepted as the law of demand. represents the universality of exchange rate systems. almost never holds completely.
Purchasing power parity (PPP) represents the universality of exchange rate systems.
Purchasing power parity is a measure of prices in different countries that uses the price of a particular commodity to compare the absolute purchasing power of each country's currency with the standard of living of a given population.
A simple example is a liter of Coca-Cola. At €2.3 in France and $2.00 in the US, Coca-Cola's PPP between France and the US is 2.3/2.00 or 1.15.
Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) is a popular indicator used by macroeconomic analysts to compare currencies of different countries through a "shopping basket" approach. Purchasing power parity (PPP) allows economists to compare the economic productivity and living standards of countries.
Learn more about PPP https://brainly.com/question/2286004
#SPJ4
What is the term for unprocessed natural resources that are refined into end products?.
Raw materials are unprocessed natural resources that are refined into end products.
Raw materials, also known as raw materials, raw materials, or primary raw materials, are the basic materials used in the manufacture of commodities, end products, energy, or intermediate materials that are the starting materials for future end products.
Raw materials are materials or substances used in the primary production or manufacture of goods. Commodities are commodities that are traded on commodity exchanges around the world.
A commodity is a naturally occurring substance (wood, ore, etc.) or produced by a farmer, rancher, etc. The raw materials are then processed into finished products.
Learn more about raw materials https://brainly.com/question/6561751
#SPJ4
a corporation buys the stock of another company. which percentage of dividends received from the investment in the acquired company's shares are excluded from tax to the corporate purchaser of those shares? a 0% b 30% c 50% d 100%
50% percentage of dividends received from the investment in the acquired company's shares are excluded from tax to the corporate purchaser of those shares.
How are stock taxes determined?50%, In the event that a corporation invests in the shares of another business, 50% of the dividends earned are tax-exempt, leaving the remaining 50% subject to tax. A tax rate that rises with income, like the personal income tax rate, is the estate and gift tax.To figure out how much tax you owe on stock sales, first calculate your earnings. Add your marginal tax rate to the amount if you owned the shares for less than a year. Multiply by the capital gains rate % shown in the table above if you owned it for more than a year.Subtract the price at which you sold the shares from the original purchase price.To learn more about stock taxes refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/25790997
#SPJ4
classify each of the foods goods according to whether it is rivalrous, nonrivalrous, excludable, or nonexcludable. rivalrous is also referred to as rival in consumption. a. a sports team t-shirt nonrivalrous and nonexcludable nonrivalrous and excludable rivalrous and excludable rivalrous and nonexcludable b. the air we breathe rivalrous and excludable nonrivalrous and excludable nonrivalrous and nonexcludable rivalrous and nonexcludable c. atlantic bluefin tuna in the mediterranean sea nonrivalrous and excludable rivalrous and nonexcludable rivalrous and excludable nonrivalrous and nonexcludable d. a toll road in normal traffic rivalrous and excludable nonrivalrous and nonexcludable nonrivalrous and excludable rivalrous and nonexcludable
Rivalrous is also referred to as rival in consumption Atlantic bluefin tuna in the mediterranean sea nonrivalrous and excludable rivalrous and nonexcludable rivalrous and excludable nonrivalrous and nonexcludable.
The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans, with a region of concerning 106,460,000 km2 (41,100,000 sq mi). It covers more or less 20% of Earth's surface and about 29% of its water surface area. it's best known to separate the "Old World" of Africa, Europe, and Asia from the "New World" of the Americas in the EU perception of the World.
The ocean occupies an elongated, formed basin extending lengthways between Europe and Africa to the east, and North and South America to the west. united part of the interconnected World Ocean, it is connected within the north to the Arctic Ocean, to the Pacific Ocean in the southwest.
Learn more about Atlantic here
https://brainly.com/question/15214103
#SPJ4
what is the subgame perfect pricing policy for tony? please make sure you write down the strategies for all players and show why it is subgame perfect. record your answers on paper, then scan and upload them.
Nash Equilibrium has been improved, and Tony implements a subgame perfect Nash equilibrium pricing policy that is Backward Induction.
A subgame perfect Nash equilibrium, which is used in dynamic games, is a refinement of a Nash equilibrium in game theory. In order to represent a Nash equilibrium of each subgame of the original game, a strategy profile must be a subgame perfect equilibrium. Informally, this means that regardless of what has occurred prior to that point in the game, player behavior moving forward should always conform to a Nash equilibrium of the continuation game (i.e., of the subgame). A subgame perfect equilibrium exists in every finite large game with perfect recall. In 1953, Harold W. Kuhn coined the phrase "perfect recall," which he defined as "equivalent to the claim that each player is permitted by the rules of the game to remember everything he knew at previous moves and all of his choices at those moves."
In the context of a finite game, backward induction is a common technique for identifying subgame perfect equilibria. Here, one first takes into account the final moves of the game and determines the actions the final mover should take in each scenario to maximize his or her utility. Then, assuming the final actor will complete these actions, one considers the next-to-last actions, once more selecting those that maximize that actor's utility. Up until the game's opening move, this process continues. For finite-horizon extensive games of perfect information, the remaining strategies are the set of all subgame perfect equilibria. Backward induction, however, cannot be used in games with imperfect or insufficient information because it would require cutting through non-singleton information sets.
Learn more about Subgame perfect, here
https://brainly.com/question/27578385
#SPJ4
Hitzu co. Sold a copier costing $4,800 with a two-year parts warranty to a customer on august 16, 2015, for $6,000 cash. Hitzu uses the perpetual inventory system. On november 22, 2016, the copier requires on-site repairs that are completed the same day. The repairs cost $209 for materials taken from the repair parts inventory. These are the only repairs required in 2016 for this copier. Based on experience, hitzu expects to incur warranty costs equal to 4% of dollar sales. It records warranty expense with an adjusting entry at the end of each year.
A warranty is a seller's obligation to replace a product that fails to perform as expected within a certain time frame. The cost of repairing the item is derived from the seller of the product in this case.
(a) The company sold a $4,800 copier for $6,000 with an expected warranty cost of 4%.
The calculation for warranty expenses:-
Warranty expenses = rate of warranty * sales price
= 4% * $6000
= $240
Therefore, In 2015, the company recorded $240 as a warranty expense.
(b) Calculation of estimated warranty liability reported as of 31st December 2015 is as below.
Estimated Warranty expenses = rate of warranty * sales price
= 4% * $6000
= $240
Hence, as of 31st December 2015, the estimated warranty liability is $240.
(c) In 2016, the company spent $209 to repair the copier. And this amount is deducted from the estimated warranty liability. The company provided a two-year parts warranty, with warranty costs charged in 2015.
As a result, no additional warranty expenses for the copier were reported in 2016.
(d) The following is a calculation of the estimated warranty liability for the copier as of December 31st, 2016.
Estimated warranty liability = Estimated liability in the previous year - Warranty expense
= $240 - $209
= $31
As of December 31st, 2016, the estimated warranty liability for this copier is $31.
Learn more about the Warranty liability here:
https://brainly.com/question/14120477
#SPJ4
Employees at GreenTech Inc. complete their schedules on time as every hour they take in excess may lead to a corresponding loss of pay. Their behaviors are strengthened through _____.
a. Avoidance
b. Incentives
c. Positive reinforcement
d. Bonus
Through Avoidance, these behaviors are strengthened.
Which training approach would be most successful for instructing staff members about moral quandaries and moral judgment?The most effective way to teach ethical reasoning is through case studies, but it's essential that students develop their own case studies based on real-world situations and then apply the model's steps to real-world problems.
The motivational behaviorist theory is what?The behavioristic approach investigates how objectives are created and how learning to produce behavior interacts with both internal and external objectives. Compared to those who used the biological approach, learning theorists have looked at the motivation issue from a slightly broader perspective.
To know more about behaviors visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/8871012
#SPJ1
building brands online can be expensive. this has proven especially true for successful social media sites, which have built brand awareness through expensive advertising campaigns.
A. true
B. false
false - building brands online can be expensive. this has proven especially true for successful social media sites, which have built brand awareness through expensive advertising campaigns.
A political marketing campaign is a prepared attempt that seeks to influence the choice-making development inside a specific institution. In democracies, political campaigns frequently check with electoral campaigns, by using which representatives are selected or referendums are determined. In present-day politics, the most high-profile political campaigns are focused on well-known elections and applicants for the head of kingdom or head of presidency, frequently a president or prime minister.
Learn more about campaigns here
https://brainly.com/question/1086036
#SPJ4
income elasticity of demand equals: please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. answer choices
The term "income elasticity of demand" describes how responsive a given good's quantity demand is to changes in the real income of the consumers who purchase it.
What is income elasticity?The percent change in quantity demanded divided by the percent change in income is the formula for calculating the income elasticity of demand. With the aid of income elasticity of demand, you can determine whether a given good is a luxury or a necessity.The more closely consumer income fluctuations affect demand for a given good, the higher its income elasticity of demand is. Businesses frequently assess the demand for their products' income elasticity to aid in forecasting how a business cycle will affect product sales.Goods can be broadly categorized as inferior and normal goods depending on the values of the income elasticity of demand. Demand for typical goods is positively correlated with income, meaning that as incomes rise, so does the demand for those goods at each price point.Hence,The term "income elasticity of demand" describes how responsive a given good's quantity demand is to changes in the real income of the consumers who purchase it.
learn more about income elasticity click here:
https://brainly.com/question/26580369
#SPJ4
When you keep someone's personal information confidential, you are